Hypersensitivity pneumonitis

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis ndikutupa kwa mapapo chifukwa cha kupuma kwachilendo, nthawi zambiri mitundu ina ya fumbi, bowa, kapena nkhungu.

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis nthawi zambiri imapezeka mwa anthu omwe amagwira ntchito m'malo omwe mumakhala fumbi, bowa, kapena nkhungu zambiri.

Kuwonetsedwa kwa nthawi yayitali kumatha kubweretsa kutupa kwam'mapapo komanso matenda am'mapapo. Popita nthawi, vutoli limasanduka matenda am'mapapo okhalitsa.

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis amathanso kuyambitsidwa ndi bowa kapena mabakiteriya opangira chinyezi, makina otenthetsera, komanso ma air conditioner omwe amapezeka mnyumba ndi maofesi. Kuwonetsedwa ndi mankhwala ena, monga isocyanates kapena acid anhydrides, amathanso kuyambitsa hypersensitivity pneumonitis.

Zitsanzo za hypersensitivity pneumonitis ndi monga:

Mapapu okonda mbalame: Uwu ndiye mtundu wofala kwambiri wa hypersensitivity pneumonitis. Amayamba chifukwa chodziwidwa mobwerezabwereza kapena mwamphamvu kwa mapuloteni omwe amapezeka nthenga kapena ndowe za mitundu yambiri ya mbalame.

Mapapu a Mlimi: Mtundu woterewu wa hypersensitivity pneumonitis umayambitsidwa ndi fumbi la udzu woumba, udzu, ndi tirigu.

Zizindikiro za pachimake hypersensitivity pneumonitis nthawi zambiri zimachitika maola 4 kapena 6 mutachoka kudera lomwe mankhwala olakwika amapezeka. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kupeza kulumikizana pakati pazomwe mukuchita ndi matendawa. Zizindikiro zimatha kuthetsedwa musanabwerere kudera komwe mudakumana ndi mankhwalawo. Mukudwala kwakanthawi, zizindikilozi zimangowonjezereka ndipo sizimakhudzidwa ndi kuwonekera kwa mankhwalawo.

Zizindikiro zimaphatikizapo:

• Kuzizira
• Tsokomola
• Malungo
• Malaise (akumva kudwala)
• Kupuma pang'ono

Zizindikiro za matenda a hypersensitivity pneumonitis atha kukhala:

• Kupuma, makamaka ndi zochitika
• Chifuwa, nthawi zambiri youma
• Kutaya njala
• Kuchepetsa mwangozi

Wothandizira zaumoyo adzakufufuza ndikufunsa za zizindikiro zanu.

Omwe amakupatsani mwayi amatha kumva phokoso lachilendo lomwe limatchedwa ma crackles (rales) mukamamvera pachifuwa ndi stethoscope.

Kusintha kwa mapapo chifukwa cha hypersensitivity pneumonitis kumawoneka pachifuwa cha x-ray. Mayesero ena atha kuphatikizira:

• Aspergillosis precipitin kuyesa magazi kuti muwone ngati mwapezeka ndi bowa wa aspergillus
• Bronchoscopy ndikutsuka, biopsy, ndi bronchoalveolar lavage
• Kuwerengera kwathunthu kwa magazi (CBC)
• Kujambula kwa CT pachifuwa
• Hypersensitivity pneumonitis antibody kuyesa magazi
• Kuyesa kwa magazi kwa Krebs von den Lungen-6 (KL-6)
• Mayeso a ntchito yamapapo
• Opaleshoni yamapapo biopsy

Choyamba, chinthu cholakwacho chiyenera kudziwika. Chithandizo chimaphatikizapo kupewa izi mtsogolo. Anthu ena angafunike kusintha ntchito ngati sangapewe mankhwalawa kuntchito.

Ngati muli ndi matenda osachiritsika, dokotala angakulimbikitseni kuti mutenge glucocorticoids (mankhwala odana ndi zotupa). Nthawi zina, mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mphumu amatha kuthandiza anthu omwe ali ndi hypersensitivity pneumonitis.

Zizindikiro zambiri zimatha mukamapewa kapena kuchepetsa kupezeka pazinthu zomwe zidayambitsa vutoli. Ngati kupewa kumachitika pachimake, mawonekedwe ake ndiabwino. Akafika pofika nthawi yayitali, matendawa amatha kupitilirabe, ngakhale atapewedwa.

Matendawa atha kubwera ku pulmonary fibrosis. Uku ndikutupa kwa minofu yam'mapapo yomwe nthawi zambiri siyimasinthika. Pamapeto pake, matenda am'mapapo am'mapeto komanso kupuma kwamphamvu kumatha kuchitika.

Itanani omwe akukuthandizani ngati mukukula ndi matenda a hypersensitivity pneumonitis.

Fomu yayitali imatha kupewedwa popewa zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa kutupa kwamapapo.

Zowonjezera zowopsa za alveolitis; Mapapu a Mlimi; Matenda otola bowa; Chopangira chinyezi kapena chowongolera mpweya; Mapapu obereketsa mbalame kapena mapapu okonda mbalame

• Matenda am'mapapo - akulu - amatulutsa

• Bronchoscopy
• Dongosolo kupuma

Patterson KC, Rose CS. Hypersensitivity pneumonitis. Mu: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, olemba. Murray ndi Nadel's Bookbook of Respiratory Medicine. Lachisanu ndi chimodzi. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 64.

Zotsatira Tarlo SM. Matenda am'mapapo pantchito. Mu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, olemba. Mankhwala a Goldman-Cecil. 26 wa. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 87.