Mimba ya m'mimba ya MRI

Kujambula kwa m'mimba kwa maginito oyeserera ndi kuyesa kwa zithunzi komwe kumagwiritsa ntchito maginito amphamvu ndi mafunde a wailesi. Mafunde amapanga zithunzi zamkati mwamimba. Sigwiritsa ntchito radiation (x-ray).

Zithunzi zamtundu umodzi zamaginito (MRI) zimatchedwa magawo. Zithunzizo zimatha kusungidwa pakompyuta, kuwonedwa pa polojekiti, kapena kusinthidwa ndi disc. Kuyesa kumodzi kumatulutsa zithunzi zambiri kapena nthawi zina mazana.

Mutha kupemphedwa kuvala chovala chachipatala kapena chovala chopanda zipi zachitsulo kapena zingwe (monga thukuta ndi t-sheti). Mitundu ina yazitsulo imatha kubweretsa zithunzi zosalongosoka.

Mudzagona patebulo lopapatiza. Tebulo limalowa mu sikani yayikulu yooneka ngati ngalande.

Mayeso ena amafuna utoto wapadera (kusiyanitsa). Nthawi zambiri, utoto umaperekedwa mukamayesedwa kudzera mu mtsempha (IV) womwe uli m'manja mwako kapena mkono wakutsogolo. Utoto umathandiza radiologist kuwona madera ena bwino lomwe.

Pa MRI, munthu amene amagwiritsa ntchito makinawo amakuwonerani kuchokera kuchipinda china. Kuyesaku kumatha pafupifupi mphindi 30 mpaka 60, koma zimatha kutenga nthawi yayitali.

Mutha kupemphedwa kuti musadye kapena kumwa chilichonse kwa maola 4 kapena 6 musanajambulitse.

Uzani wothandizira zaumoyo wanu ngati mukuwopa malo oyandikira (khalani ndi claustrophobia). Mutha kupatsidwa mankhwala okuthandizani kuti mukhale ogona komanso osakhala ndi nkhawa. Wothandizira anu amathanso kunena kuti pali MRI yotseguka, pomwe makinawo sali pafupi ndi thupi lanu.

Asanayesedwe, uzani omwe akukuthandizani ngati muli ndi:

• Mavavu amtima opangira
• Zithunzi za ubongo
• Mtetezi wamtima kapena pacemaker
• Zodzala zamakutu zamkati (cochlear)
• Matenda a impso kapena dialysis (mwina simungathe kusiyanitsa)
• Zowayika posachedwa
• Mitundu ina yamatenda am'mimba
• Ankagwira ntchito ndi chitsulo m'mbuyomu (mungafunike kuyesa kuti muwone ngati zidutswa zazitsulo zili m'maso mwanu)

Chifukwa MRI imakhala ndi maginito amphamvu, zinthu zachitsulo siziloledwa kulowa mchipindacho ndi sikani ya MRI. Pewani kunyamula zinthu monga:

• Zikopa, zolembera, ndi magalasi amaso
• Mawotchi, makhadi a ngongole, zodzikongoletsera, ndi zothandizira kumva
• Zipini zopangira tsitsi, zipi zachitsulo, zikhomo, ndi zinthu zina zofananira
• Zipatso za mano zochotseka

Kuyeza kwa MRI sikumapweteka. Mutha kupeza mankhwala oti akupumulitseni ngati muli ndi vuto logona kapena mukuchita mantha kwambiri. Kusuntha kwambiri kumatha kusokoneza zithunzi za MRI ndikupanga zolakwika.

Gome likhoza kukhala lolimba kapena lozizira, koma mutha kufunsa bulangeti kapena pilo. Makinawo amapanga phokoso lalikulu ndikumveketsa akamatsegulidwa. Mutha kuvala mapulagi amakutu kuti muchepetse phokoso.

Intakomu m'chipindamo imakupatsani mwayi wolankhula ndi munthu nthawi iliyonse. Ma MRIs ena amakhala ndi ma televizioni ndi mahedifoni apadera okuthandizani kupititsa nthawi.

Palibe nthawi yochira, pokhapokha mutapatsidwa mankhwala okuthandizani kupumula. Mukayesa MRI, mutha kubwereranso ku zomwe mumadya, zochita zanu, komanso mankhwala anu.

MRI yam'mimba imapereka zithunzi mwatsatanetsatane zam'mimba kuchokera pamalingaliro ambiri. Kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kufotokozera zomwe anapeza kuchokera ku mayeso oyambirira a ultrasound kapena CT scan.

Mayesowa atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuyang'ana:

• Magazi amayenda m'mimba
• Mitsempha yamagazi pamimba
• Zomwe zimayambitsa kupweteka m'mimba kapena kutupa
• Zomwe zimayambitsa kuyezetsa magazi kosazolowereka, monga chiwindi kapena impso
• Matenda am'mimba m'mimba
• Masisa m'chiwindi, impso, ma adrenal, kapamba, kapena ndulu

MRI imatha kusiyanitsa zotupa kuchokera kumatenda abwinobwino. Izi zitha kuthandiza dokotala kudziwa zambiri za chotupacho monga kukula kwake, kuuma kwake, ndi kufalikira kwake. Izi zimatchedwa staging.

Nthawi zina imatha kupereka chidziwitso chambiri chokhudza misa m'mimba kuposa CT.

Zotsatira zosazolowereka zitha kukhala chifukwa cha:

• M'mimba mwake aortic aneurysm
• Chilonda
• Khansa kapena zotupa zomwe zimakhudza ma adrenal gland, chiwindi, ndulu, kapamba, impso, ureters, matumbo
• Kukulitsa ndulu kapena chiwindi
• Mavuto a gallbladder kapena bile
• Ma hemangiomas
• Hydronephrosis (impso kutupa kuchokera kumbuyo kwa mkodzo)
• Matenda a impso
• Kuwonongeka kwa impso kapena matenda
• Miyala ya impso
• Mafupa okulirapo
• Woletsedwa vena cava
• Kutsekeka kwamitsempha (chiwindi)
• Kutseka kapena kuchepa kwa mitsempha yomwe imapereka impso
• Aimpso mtsempha thrombosis
• Kukanidwa kwa impso kapena chiwindi
• Matenda a chiwindi
• Kufalikira kwa khansa komwe kumayambira kunja kwa mimba

MRI sigwiritsa ntchito ma radiation. Palibe zoyipa zomwe zimachitika kuchokera kumaginito ndi mafunde a wailesi omwe adanenedwa.

Mtundu wosiyana kwambiri (utoto) womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi gadolinium. Ndi otetezeka kwambiri. Zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha matupi awo zimakhala zosowa koma zimatha kuchitika. Ngati muli ndi mbiri yazovuta zina zamankhwala ena muyenera kudziwitsa adotolo. Kuphatikiza apo, gadolinium itha kuvulaza anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la impso omwe amafunikira dialysis. Uzani wothandizira anu asanayesedwe ngati muli ndi vuto la impso.

Mphamvu yamaginito yomwe imapangidwa mu MRI imatha kupangitsa kuti mtima uzikhala wolimba komanso zopangira zina kuti zisagwire ntchito. Maginito amathanso kupangira chitsulo mkati mwathupi kusuntha kapena kusintha.

Nyukiliya kumveka kumveka - pamimba; NMR - pamimba; Kujambula kwamagnetic maginito - pamimba; MRI ya pamimba

• Kukonza kwa aortic aneurysm - endovascular - kutulutsa

• Dongosolo m'mimba
• Kujambula kwa MRI

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Levine MS, Gore RM. Njira zojambulira kuzindikira mu gastroenterology. Mu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, olemba. Mankhwala a Goldman-Cecil. 26 wa. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 124.

Mileto A, Boll DT. Chiwindi: mawonekedwe abwinobwino, maluso amalingaliro, ndi matenda opatsirana. Mu: Haaga JR, Boll DT, olemba., Eds. CT ndi MRI ya Thupi Lonse. Lachisanu ndi chimodzi. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: mutu 43.