Pneumothorax - makanda

Pneumothorax ndikutolera kwa mpweya kapena gasi mumalo mkati mwa chifuwa mozungulira mapapu. Izi zimabweretsa kugwa kwamapapu.

Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza za pneumothorax m'makanda.

Pneumothorax imachitika pamene tinthu tina tating'onoting'ono tomwe timapanga mpweya (alveoli) m'mapapu a mwana timadzaza ndi kuphulika. Izi zimapangitsa kuti mpweya ulowerere pakati pa mapapo ndi chifuwa (malo opembedzera).

Chifukwa chofala kwambiri cha pneumothorax ndimatenda opumira. Izi ndi zomwe zimachitika mwa makanda omwe amabadwa molawirira (asanakwane).

• Mapapu a mwana alibe chinthu choterera (surfactant) chomwe chimawathandiza kuti azikhala otseguka (okhutira). Chifukwa chake, timatumba tating'onoting'ono tomwe sitingakulire mosavuta.
• Ngati mwana amafunikira makina opumira (makina opumira), kupanikizika kowonjezera pamapapu a mwana, kuchokera pamakina nthawi zina kumatha kuphulitsa matumba ampweya.

Matenda a Meconium aspiration ndi chifukwa china cha pneumothorax mwa akhanda.

• Asanabadwe kapena asanabadwe, mwana amatha kupuma matumbo oyamba, otchedwa meconium. Izi zitha kulepheretsa kuwuluka kwa mpweya ndikupangitsa mavuto kupuma.

Zina mwazimenezi ndi chibayo (matenda am'mapapo) kapena khungu lamapapo lomwe silikukula.

Nthawi zambiri, mwana wakhanda wathanzi amatha kutulutsa mpweya akamapuma koyamba atabadwa. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kupanikizika kofunikira kukulitsa mapapo kwa nthawi yoyamba. Pakhoza kukhala zinthu zina zomwe zimayambitsa vutoli.

Makanda ambiri omwe ali ndi pneumothorax alibe zizindikiro. Zizindikiro zikachitika, zimatha kuphatikiza:

• Mtundu wa khungu la Bluish (cyanosis)
• Kupuma mofulumira
• Kuuluka kwa mphuno
• Kung'ung'udza ndi kupuma
• Kukwiya
• Kusakhazikika
• Kugwiritsa ntchito minofu ina ya mchifuwa ndi m'mimba yothandizira kupuma (kubweza)

Wothandizira zaumoyo atha kukhala ndi vuto lakumva mawu akumva akamamvetsera m'mapapu a khanda ndi stethoscope. Kumveka kwa mtima kapena mapapo kumawoneka ngati kuti akuchokera ku gawo lina la chifuwa kuposa zachilendo.

Mayeso a pneumothorax ndi awa:

• X-ray pachifuwa
• Kafukufuku wowunika woyikidwa pachifuwa cha mwana, yemwenso amadziwika kuti "transillumination" (matumba amlengalenga adzawoneka ngati malo opepuka)

Ana opanda zizindikiro sangasowe chithandizo. Gulu lazachipatala lidzayang'anira kupuma kwa mwana wanu, kugunda kwa mtima, kuchuluka kwa oxygen, ndi khungu. Mpweya wowonjezera udzaperekedwa ngati pakufunika kutero.

Ngati mwana wanu ali ndi zizindikiro, woperekayo amaika singano kapena chubu chochepa kwambiri chotchedwa catheter m'chifuwa cha mwanayo kuti achotse mpweya womwe watuluka pachifuwa.

Popeza chithandizo chimadaliranso mavuto am'mapapo omwe adayambitsa pneumothorax, atha kukhala masiku angapo mpaka milungu.

Kutulutsa kwina kwa mpweya kumatha masiku ochepa popanda chithandizo. Makanda omwe amachotsedwa mpweya ndi singano kapena catheter nthawi zambiri amachita bwino atalandira chithandizo ngati palibe mavuto ena am'mapapo.

Momwe mpweya umakhalira pachifuwa, amatha kukankhira mtima mbali inayo ya chifuwa. Izi zimapanikiza mapapo onse omwe sanagwe komanso mtima. Matendawa amatchedwa mavuto pneumothorax. Ndizadzidzidzi zachipatala. Zitha kukhudza mtima ndi mapapo.

Pneumothorax nthawi zambiri imapezeka atangobadwa. Itanani omwe akukuthandizani ngati mwana wanu ali ndi zizindikiro za pneumothorax.

Omwe amapereka chithandizo m'chipinda cha ana odwala mwakhanda (NICU) ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa khanda lanu mosamala kuti adziwe kutuluka kwa mpweya.

Kutulutsa mpweya m'mapapo mwanga; Pneumothorax - wakhanda

• Pneumothorax

[Adasankhidwa] Crowley MA. Matenda opatsirana a Neonatal. Mu: Martin RJ, Fanaroff AA, Walsh MC, olemba., Eds. Fanaroff ndi Martin's Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2020: chap 66.

Kuwala RW, Lee GL. Pneumothorax, chylothorax, hemothorax, ndi fibrothorax. Mu: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, olemba. Murray ndi Nadel's Bookbook of Respiratory Medicine. Lachisanu ndi chimodzi. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 81.

Winnie GB, Haider SK, Vemana AP, Lossef SV. Pneumothorax. Mu: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, olemba. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. Wolemba 21. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: mutu 439.