Kumeza vuto

Chovuta ndikumeza ndikumverera kuti chakudya kapena madzi amamatira pakhosi kapena nthawi iliyonse chakudya chisanalowe m'mimba. Vutoli limatchedwanso dysphagia.

Njira yakumeza imaphatikizapo masitepe angapo. Izi zikuphatikiza:

• Kutafuna chakudya
• Kuyisunthira kumbuyo kwa kamwa
• Kuyisunthira pansi pamimba (chitoliro cha chakudya)

Pali mitsempha yambiri yomwe imathandiza kuti minofu ya pakamwa, pakhosi, ndi pamimba igwire ntchito limodzi. Kumeza zambiri kumachitika osazindikira zomwe mukuchita.

Kumeza ndi chinthu chovuta. Mitsempha yambiri imagwira ntchito moyenera kuti izitha kuwongolera momwe minofu ya pakamwa, pakhosi, ndi pakhosi zimagwirira ntchito limodzi.

Vuto laubongo kapena mitsempha limatha kusintha kusinthaku bwino mu minofu ya mkamwa ndi pakhosi.

• Kuwonongeka kwa ubongo kumatha kubwera chifukwa cha multiple sclerosis, matenda a Parkinson, kapena stroke.
• Kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha kumatha kukhala chifukwa cha kuvulala kwa msana, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS kapena matenda a Lou Gehrig), kapena myasthenia gravis.

Kupsinjika kapena kuda nkhawa kumatha kupangitsa anthu ena kumva kumangika pakhosi kapena kumva ngati china chake chakhazikika pakhosi. Maganizo amenewa amatchedwa kutengeka kwa globus ndipo sagwirizana ndi kudya. Komabe, pakhoza kukhala chifukwa china.

Mavuto omwe amakhudza kum'mero ​​nthawi zambiri amayambitsa mavuto akumeza. Izi zingaphatikizepo:

• Mphete yachilendo yomwe imapanga komwe kum'mero ​​ndi m'mimba zimakumana (kotchedwa mphete ya Schatzki).
• Matenda achilendo am'mimba.
• Khansa ya kum'mero.
• Kulephera kwa mtolo wa minofu pansi pamimba kuti mupumule (Achalasia).
• Kuphulika komwe kumachepetsa kholingo. Izi zitha kukhala chifukwa cha radiation, mankhwala, mankhwala, kutupa kosaneneka, zilonda zam'mimba, matenda, kapena Reflux ya esophageal.
• China chake chimakakamira kum'mero, monga chidutswa cha chakudya.
• Scleroderma, matenda omwe chitetezo cha mthupi chimalakwitsa kummero.
• Zotupa m'chifuwa zomwe zimafinya pammero.
• Matenda a Plummer-Vinson, matenda osowa kwambiri omwe ma webus a mucosal nembanemba amakula podutsa kholingo.

Kupweteka pachifuwa, kumverera kwa chakudya chakhazikika pakhosi, kapena kulemera kapena kupanikizika m'khosi kapena kumtunda kapena pachifuwa kumatha kukhalapo.

Zizindikiro zina zitha kuphatikiza:

• Kukhosomola kapena kupuma komwe kumawonjezeka.
• Kukhosomola chakudya chomwe sichinagayike.
• Kutentha pa chifuwa.
• Nseru.
• Kulawa kwakumwa m'kamwa.
• Kuvuta kumeza zolimba zokha (kumatha kuwonetsa chotupa kapena kusakhazikika) kumawonetsa kutsekeka kwakanthawi monga chotupa kapena chotupa.
• Zovuta kumeza zakumwa koma osati zolimba (zitha kuwonetsa kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha kapena kuphipha kwa kholingo).

Mutha kukhala ndi mavuto kumeza ndi kudya kapena kumwa kulikonse, kapena ndi mitundu ina ya zakudya kapena zakumwa. Zizindikiro zoyambirira za mavuto akumeza zimaphatikizaponso zovuta mukamadya:

• Zakudya zotentha kwambiri kapena zozizira
• Ophwanya mkate kapena mkate
• Nyama kapena nkhuku

Wothandizira zaumoyo wanu adzaitanitsa mayeso kuti ayang'ane:

• China chake chomwe chikuletsa kapena kuchepetsa kholingo
• Mavuto ndi minofu
• Zosintha pakhungu lam'mero

Chiyeso chotchedwa endoscopy chapamwamba (EGD) chimachitika nthawi zambiri.

• Endoscope ndi chubu chosinthika chokhala ndi nyali kumapeto. Imayikidwa kudzera pakamwa mpaka kutsika mpaka kumimba mpaka m'mimba.
• Mudzapatsidwa mankhwala ogonetsa ndipo simumva kuwawa.

Mayesero ena atha kuphatikizira:

• Barium kumeza ndi zina zoyesa kumeza
• X-ray pachifuwa
• Kuwunika kwa pH Esophageal pH (kuyesa asidi m'mero)
• Esophageal manometry (amayesa kupanikizika m'mimba)
• Khosi x-ray

Muyeneranso kuyesa magazi kuti muwone zovuta zomwe zingayambitse mavuto.

Chithandizo cha vuto lanu lakumeza chimatengera chifukwa.

Ndikofunika kuphunzira momwe mungadye ndi kumwa mosamala. Kumeza kolakwika kumatha kubweretsa kapena kupuma chakudya kapena madzi panjira yanu yayikulu. Izi zitha kubweretsa chibayo.

Kuthetsa mavuto akumeza kunyumba:

• Wopereka wanu atha kunena zakusintha kwa zakudya zanu. Muthanso kupeza zakudya zapadera zamadzimadzi zokuthandizani kukhala athanzi.
• Muyenera kuti muphunzire njira zatsopano zokutafuna ndi kumeza.
• Wothandizira anu akhoza kukuwuzani kuti mugwiritse ntchito zinthu zokutitsa madzi ndi zakumwa zina kuti musawakhudze m'mapapu anu.

Mankhwala omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito amadalira chifukwa, ndipo atha kuphatikizira:

• Mankhwala ena omwe amatsitsimula minofu m'mimba. Izi zimaphatikizapo nitrate, womwe ndi mtundu wa mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza kuthamanga kwa magazi, ndi dicyclomine.
• Jekeseni wa poizoni wa botulinum.
• Mankhwala othandizira kutentha pa chifuwa chifukwa cha gastroesophageal reflux (GERD).
• Mankhwala othandiza kuthana ndi nkhawa, ngati alipo.

Ndondomeko ndi maopaleshoni omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi awa:

• Pamapeto pake: Woperekayo amatha kukulitsa kapena kukulitsa gawo locheperako la khosi lanu pogwiritsa ntchito njirayi. Kwa anthu ena, izi zimayenera kuchitidwanso, ndipo nthawi zina kangapo.
• Kutentha kapena opaleshoni: Mankhwalawa atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati khansa ikuyambitsa vuto lakumeza. Achalasia kapena spasms of the esophagus amathanso kuyankha kuchitidwa opaleshoni kapena jakisoni wa poizoni wa botulinum.

Mungafunike chubu chodyetsera ngati:

• Zizindikiro zanu ndizolimba ndipo simungathe kudya ndi kumwa mokwanira.
• Mumakhala ndi mavuto chifukwa chotsamwa kapena chibayo.

Phukusi lodyetsera limalowetsedwa m'mimba kudzera kukhoma lam'mimba (G-chubu).

Itanani omwe akukuthandizani ngati mavuto akumeza samakula patatha masiku ochepa, kapena amabwera.

Itanani omwe akukuthandizani nthawi yomweyo ngati:

• Mumakhala ndi malungo kapena mpweya wochepa.
• Mukuchepera thupi.
• Mavuto anu akumeza akukulirakulira.
• Mumatsokomola kapena kusanza magazi.
• Muli ndi mphumu yomwe ikuipiraipira.
• Mumamverera ngati mukutsamwa mukamadya kapena kumwa.

Dysphagia; Kukanika kumeza; Kutsamwa - chakudya; Kutengeka kwa Globus

• Minyewa

Brown DJ, Lefton-Greif MA, Ishman SL. Kutopa ndi kumeza mavuto. Mu: Flint PW, Haughey BH, Lund V, et al, olemba. Cummings Otolaryngology: Opaleshoni ya Mutu ndi Khosi. Lachisanu ndi chimodzi. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: chap 209.

Munter DW. Matupi achilendo otupa magazi. Mu: Roberts JR, Custalow CB, Thomsen TW, olemba., Eds. Ndondomeko Zachipatala za Roberts ndi Hedges mu Emergency Medicine ndi Acute Care. Wachisanu ndi chiwiri. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chaputala 39.

Pandolfino JE, Kahrilas PJ. Matenda a Esophageal neuromuscular and motility. Mu: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ, olemba. Sleisenger ndi Matenda a Mimba ndi a Fordtran Amatenda a Chiwindi. 10th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 43.