Funsani Katswiri: Momwe Matenda Awiri Ashuga Ndi Mtima Waumoyo Amalumikizidwira

Zamkati

• 1. Kodi pali kulumikizana kotani pakati pa mtundu wachiwiri wa shuga ndi thanzi la mtima?
• 2. Kodi ndingatani kuti ndipewe zovuta zamatenda amtundu wa 2?
• 3. Ndi zinthu zina ziti zomwe zimandiika pachiwopsezo chachikulu chodwala matenda a mtima?
• 4. Kodi dokotala adzawona ngati ndili ndi matenda a mtima, ndipo ndiyenera kuwawona kangati?
• 5. Kodi madokotala adzagwiritsa ntchito mayeso otani kuti ayang'ane thanzi langa?
• 6. Ndingatani kuti ndichepetse kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi matenda ashuga?
• 7. Kodi ndingatani kuti ndichepetse cholesterol yanga ndi matenda ashuga?
• 8. Kodi pali mankhwala omwe ndingamwe kuti nditeteze mtima wanga?
• 9. Kodi pali zidziwitso zakuti ndikudwala matenda amtima?

1. Kodi pali kulumikizana kotani pakati pa mtundu wachiwiri wa shuga ndi thanzi la mtima?

Kuyanjana pakati pa mtundu wachiwiri wa shuga ndi thanzi la mtima ndi kawiri.

Choyamba, mtundu wa 2 shuga umalumikizidwa ndimatenda amtima. Izi zimaphatikizapo kuthamanga kwa magazi, cholesterol, komanso kunenepa kwambiri.

Chachiwiri, matenda a shuga amawonjezera chiopsezo cha matenda amtima. Matenda a mtima ndi mitima yomwe imayambitsa kufa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga. Izi zimaphatikizapo matenda a mtima, sitiroko, ndi matenda am'mitsempha.

Kulephera kwa mtima kumachitikanso nthawi zambiri mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga.

Mutha kuyesa chowerengera cha American College of Cardiology kuti muwonetse chiopsezo chanu cha zaka 10 cha matenda amtima.

2. Kodi ndingatani kuti ndipewe zovuta zamatenda amtundu wa 2?

Mtundu wa 2 shuga umalumikizidwa ndi zovuta zazing'ono komanso zazikuluzikulu.

Mavuto a Microvascular amakhudza kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha yaying'ono yamagazi. Izi zikuphatikiza:

• matenda a shuga, omwe amavulaza maso
• nephropathy, yomwe imawononga impso
• neuropathy, komwe kumawononga mitsempha yotumphukira

Mavuto am'mimba amawononga mitsempha yayikulu. Izi zimawonjezera chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima, sitiroko, ndi matenda am'mitsempha.

Kulamulira kuchuluka kwa shuga wamagazi kumachepetsa mwayi wanu wamavuto ang'onoang'ono. Zolinga za shuga m'magazi zimadalira msinkhu wanu komanso zovuta zanu. Anthu ambiri amayenera kukhala ndi shuga wamagazi wama 80 mpaka 130 mg / dL, komanso osakwana 160 mg / dL patadutsa maola awiri mutadya, ndi A1C yochepera 7.

Mutha kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha zovuta zazikulu posamalira cholesterol yanu, kuthamanga kwa magazi, ndi matenda ashuga. Dokotala wanu angakulimbikitseni aspirin ndi kusintha kwa moyo wanu, monga kusiya kusuta.

3. Ndi zinthu zina ziti zomwe zimandiika pachiwopsezo chachikulu chodwala matenda a mtima?

Kuphatikiza pa mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda amtima ndi monga:

• zaka
• kusuta
• mbiri yabanja yamavuto amtima
• kuthamanga kwa magazi
• cholesterol yambiri
• kunenepa kwambiri
• kuchuluka kwa albin, mapuloteni mumkodzo wanu
• matenda a impso

Simungasinthe zina mwaziwopsezo, monga mbiri ya banja lanu, koma zina ndizotheka.

4. Kodi dokotala adzawona ngati ndili ndi matenda a mtima, ndipo ndiyenera kuwawona kangati?

Ngati mwapezeka kuti muli ndi matenda a shuga amtundu wa 2, dokotala wanu woyang'anira chisamaliro chachikulu ndiye munthu amene angakuthandizeni kuthana ndi matenda anu ashuga komanso ziwopsezo zamtima. Mwinanso mungafunike kuwona katswiri wazamaphunziro kuti azitha kusamalira matenda ashuga ovuta kwambiri.

Pafupipafupi momwe amayendera madokotala zimasiyanasiyana malinga ndi munthu. Komabe, ndibwino kuti mukayang'anitsidwe kawiri pachaka ngati matenda anu akuyang'aniridwa bwino. Ngati matenda anu ashuga ndi ovuta kwambiri, muyenera kukaonana ndi dokotala kanayi pachaka.

Ngati dokotala akukayikira kuti ali ndi vuto la mtima, akuyenera kukutumizirani kwa katswiri wa zamagetsi kuti mukayesedwe mwapadera.

5. Kodi madokotala adzagwiritsa ntchito mayeso otani kuti ayang'ane thanzi langa?

Dokotala wanu amayang'anira zomwe zimawononga mtima wanu kudzera m'mbiri yanu yazachipatala, kuyezetsa thupi, kuyesa labu, ndi electrocardiogram (EKG).

Ngati zizindikiro zanu kapena kupumula kwa EKG sikuli kwachilendo, mayeso ena atha kuphatikizira kuyesa kupsinjika, echocardiogram, kapena coronary angiography. Ngati dokotala akukayikira zotumphukira zamatenda kapena matenda a carotid, atha kugwiritsa ntchito Doppler ultrasound.

6. Ndingatani kuti ndichepetse kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi matenda ashuga?

Kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi chiopsezo cha matenda amtima ndi impso, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuti azilamuliridwa. Nthawi zambiri, timayang'ana kuthamanga kwa magazi kosakwana 140/90 kwa anthu ambiri. Nthawi zina, monga anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a impso kapena amtima, timayang'ana pansi pa 130/80 ngati manambala angakwaniritsidwe bwino.

Kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi kwanu kumaphatikizapo kusintha kwa moyo wanu komanso mankhwala. Ngati mukuwoneka kuti ndinu wonenepa kwambiri kapena wonenepa kwambiri, kuchepa thupi kumalimbikitsidwa.

Muyeneranso kusintha pazakudya zanu, monga kutsatira DASH zakudya (Zakudya Njira Yoletsa Kuthamanga Kwambiri). Zakudya izi zimafunikira zosakwana 2.3 g wa sodium patsiku ndi 8 mpaka 10 ya zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba patsiku. Amakhalanso ndi mkaka wopanda mafuta ambiri.

Muyeneranso kupewa kumwa mopitirira muyeso ndikuwonjezera zochitika zanu.

7. Kodi ndingatani kuti ndichepetse cholesterol yanga ndi matenda ashuga?

Zakudya zanu zimathandiza kwambiri m'thupi lanu. Muyenera kudya mafuta ochepa, komanso kuwonjezera mafuta omega-3 fatty acids ndi fiber.Zakudya ziwiri zomwe ndizothandiza pakuwongolera cholesterol ndizakudya za DASH komanso zakudya za Mediterranean.

Ndibwino kuti muwonjezere masewera olimbitsa thupi.

Nthawi zambiri, anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2 amayeneranso kumwa mankhwala a statin kuti achepetse mafuta m'thupi. Ngakhale ndi cholesterol yodziwika bwino, mankhwalawa awonetsedwa kuti amachepetsa chiopsezo cha mavuto amtima.

Mtundu ndi mphamvu ya mankhwala a statin komanso kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'thupi kumadalira zinthu zingapo. Izi zikuphatikiza zaka zanu, zovuta zanu, komanso chiopsezo chanu cha zaka 10 cha matenda atherosclerotic vascular. Ngati chiopsezo chanu ndi chachikulu kuposa 20%, mudzafunika chithandizo champhamvu kwambiri.

8. Kodi pali mankhwala omwe ndingamwe kuti nditeteze mtima wanga?

Moyo wathanzi umaphatikizapo kudya zakudya zopatsa thanzi, kupewa kusuta fodya, komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi. Kuphatikiza apo, zonse zomwe zimawopsa pamtima ziyenera kuwongoleredwa. Izi zimaphatikizapo kuthamanga kwa magazi, matenda ashuga, komanso cholesterol.

Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2 amayeneranso kumwa mankhwala a statin kuti achepetse mwayi wokhala ndi vuto la mtima. Anthu omwe ali ndi mbiri yamatenda amtima kapena omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu atha kukhala ofuna aspirin kapena othandizira ena. Mankhwalawa amasiyanasiyana malinga ndi munthu.

9. Kodi pali zidziwitso zakuti ndikudwala matenda amtima?

Zizindikiro zochenjeza zakupezeka kwamatenda amtima zimaphatikizapo:

• kusapeza pachifuwa kapena mkono
• kupuma movutikira
• kugwedeza
• zizindikiro zamitsempha
• kutupa kwa mwendo
• kupweteka kwa ng'ombe
• chizungulire
• kukomoka

Tsoka ilo, pamaso pa matenda ashuga, matenda amtima nthawi zambiri amakhala chete. Mwachitsanzo, kutseka kumatha kupezeka m'mitsempha yam'mimba popanda kupweteka pachifuwa. Izi zimadziwika kuti ischemia chete.

Ichi ndichifukwa chake kuthana ndi mavuto anu onse pachiwopsezo cha mtima ndikofunikira kwambiri.

Dr. Maria Prelipcean ndi dokotala wodziwa za endocrinology. Panopa akugwira ntchito ku Southview Medical Group ku Birmingham, Alabama, ngati katswiri wazamaphunziro. Mu 1993, Dr. Prelipcean anamaliza maphunziro awo ku Carol Davila Medical School. Mu 2016 ndi 2017, Dr. Prelipcean adasankhidwa kukhala m'modzi mwa madokotala apamwamba ku Birmingham ndi B-Metro Magazine. Nthawi yopuma, amakonda kuwerenga, kuyenda, komanso kucheza ndi ana ake.