Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa matenda a bakiteriya ndi mavairasi?

Zamkati

• Kodi pali kusiyana kotani?
• Kodi matenda a bakiteriya amafalikira bwanji?
• Kodi matenda omwe amabwera chifukwa cha bakiteriya ndi ati?
• Kodi matenda opatsirana pogonana amafalikira bwanji?
• Kodi matenda opatsirana pogonana ndi ati?
• Kodi bakiteriya wanga wozizira kapena ma virus?
• Kodi mungagwiritse ntchito mtundu wa ntchofu kuti muwone ngati ndi kachilombo ka bakiteriya kapena kachilombo?
• Kodi kachilombo ka m'mimba mwanga ndi kachilombo ka bakiteriya kapena kachilombo?
• Kodi matendawa amapezeka bwanji?
• Ndi matenda ati omwe amachiritsidwa ndi maantibayotiki?
• Kodi matenda a tizilombo amachiritsidwa bwanji?
• Mankhwala a mavairasi
• Momwe mungapewere matenda
• Khalani aukhondo
• Pezani katemera
• Osatuluka kunja ngati mukudwala
• Chitani zogonana motetezeka
• Onetsetsani kuti chakudya chaphikidwa bwino
• Tetezani kulumidwa ndi tizirombo
• Tengera kwina

Kodi pali kusiyana kotani?

Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timayambitsa matenda ambiri. Koma pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa mitundu iwiriyi ya tizilombo toyambitsa matenda?

Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi tinthu ting'onoting'ono tomwe timapangidwa ndi selo limodzi. Amasiyana kwambiri ndipo amatha kukhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana komanso mawonekedwe.

Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timakhala pafupifupi kulikonse kumene tingaganize, kuphatikizapo m'thupi la munthu.

Mabakiteriya ochepa okha ndi omwe amayambitsa matenda mwa anthu. Mabakiteriyawa amatchedwa mabakiteriya oyambitsa matenda.

Mavairasi ndi mtundu wina wa tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, ngakhale kuti ndi tating'ono kwambiri kuposa mabakiteriya. Monga mabakiteriya, ndi osiyana kwambiri ndipo ali ndi mawonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana.

Mavairasi ndi opatsirana. Izi zikutanthauza kuti amafunikira maselo amoyo kapena minofu kuti ikule.

Mavairasi angalowe m'maselo a thupi lanu, pogwiritsa ntchito zomwe zimapangidwa m'maselo anu kuti zikule ndikuchulukirachulukira. Mavairasi ena amapha ngakhale maselo amene ali nawo monga mbali ya moyo wawo.

Werengani kuti mudziwe zambiri zakusiyana pakati pa mitundu iwiri iyi yamatenda.

Kodi matenda a bakiteriya amafalikira bwanji?

Matenda ambiri amabakiteriya ndi opatsirana, kutanthauza kuti akhoza kufalikira kuchokera kwa munthu kupita kwa munthu. Pali njira zambiri zomwe izi zingachitikire, kuphatikiza:

• kuyandikana kwambiri ndi munthu amene ali ndi matenda a bakiteriya, kuphatikizapo kugwira ndi kupsompsona
• kukhudzana ndi madzi amthupi a munthu yemwe ali ndi matenda, makamaka atagonana kapena munthuyo akatsokomola kapena amayetsemula
• kufala kuchokera kwa mayi kupita kwa mwana nthawi yapakati kapena yobereka
• kukhudzana ndi malo oipitsidwa ndi mabakiteriya, monga zitseko zapakhomo kapena chogwirira cha bomba kenako ndikumakhudza nkhope, mphuno, kapena pakamwa

Kuphatikiza pakupatsirana kuchokera kwa munthu kupita kwa munthu, matenda a bakiteriya amathanso kufalikira kudzera mwa kuluma kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa. Kuphatikiza apo, kudya chakudya kapena madzi omwe ali ndi vuto loyambitsa matenda kumayambitsanso matenda.

Kodi matenda omwe amabwera chifukwa cha bakiteriya ndi ati?

Zitsanzo zina za matenda a bakiteriya ndi awa:

• khosi kukhosi
• Matenda a mkodzo (UTI)
• poyizoni wazakudya za bakiteriya
• chinzonono
• chifuwa chachikulu
• meningitis ya bakiteriya
• cellulitis
• Matenda a Lyme
• kafumbata

Kodi matenda opatsirana pogonana amafalikira bwanji?

Monga matenda a bakiteriya, matenda ambiri a ma virus amafalikira. Zitha kufalikira kuchokera kwa munthu kupita kwa munthu munjira zofananira, kuphatikiza:

• kuyandikira pafupi ndi munthu yemwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV
• kukhudzana ndi madzi amthupi a munthu yemwe ali ndi matenda opatsirana
• kufala kuchokera kwa mayi kupita kwa mwana nthawi yapakati kapena yobereka
• kukhudzana ndi malo owonongeka

Komanso, chimodzimodzi ndimatenda a bakiteriya, matenda opatsirana amatha kupatsilidwa ndi kulumidwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kapena kudzera pakudya kapena madzi omwe adayipitsidwa.

Kodi matenda opatsirana pogonana ndi ati?

Zitsanzo zina za matenda opatsirana ndi monga:

• fuluwenza
• chimfine
• tizilombo gastroenteritis
• nthomba
• chikuku
• matenda oumitsa khosi
• njerewere
• kachilombo ka HIV (HIV)
• matenda a chiwindi
• Zika kachilombo
• Kachilombo ka West Nile

COVID-19 ndi matenda ena obwera chifukwa cha kachilombo. Vutoli limayambitsa:

• kupuma movutikira
• malungo
• chifuwa chowuma

Itanani azachipatala mwadzidzidzi mukakumana ndi izi:

• kuvuta kupuma
• milomo yamabuluu
• kutopa kwambiri
• kupweteka kosalekeza kapena kukanika pachifuwa

Kodi bakiteriya wanga wozizira kapena ma virus?

Kuzizira kumatha kuyambitsa mphuno yothinana kapena yotuluka, zilonda zapakhosi, ndi malungo ochepa, koma kodi ndimabakiteriya ozizira kapena ma virus?

Chimfine chimayambitsidwa ndi ma virus angapo, ngakhale kuti ziphuphu nthawi zambiri zimayambitsa.

Palibe zambiri zomwe mungachite kuti muthetse chimfine kupatula kuti mudikire ndikugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala owonjezera (OTC) kuti muthandizire kuthana ndi matenda anu.

Nthawi zina, kachilombo koyambitsa matenda a bakiteriya amatha kumachitika nthawi kapena kuzizira. Zitsanzo zodziwika za matenda achiwiri omwe amabakiteriya ndi awa:

• matenda a sinus
• khutu matenda
• chibayo

Mwinanso mudakhala ndi matenda a bakiteriya ngati:

• Zizindikiro zimatha masiku opitilira 10 mpaka 14
• Zizindikiro zimangokulirakulirabe m'malo mokhala masiku angapo
• muli ndi malungo ochulukirapo kuposa momwe zimachitikira ndi chimfine

Kodi mungagwiritse ntchito mtundu wa ntchofu kuti muwone ngati ndi kachilombo ka bakiteriya kapena kachilombo?

Muyenera kupewa kugwiritsa ntchito mtundu wa ntchofu kuti mudziwe ngati muli ndi kachilombo ka bakiteriya kapena bakiteriya.

Pali chikhulupiliro chokhalitsa kuti mamina obiriwira amawonetsa matenda a bakiteriya omwe amafunikira maantibayotiki. M'malo mwake, mamina obiriwira amayamba chifukwa cha zinthu zotulutsidwa ndi ma cell amthupi anu poyankha wobwera wakunja.

Mutha kukhala ndi mamina obiriwira chifukwa cha zinthu zambiri, kuphatikiza:

• mavairasi
• mabakiteriya
• ziwengo nyengo

Kodi kachilombo ka m'mimba mwanga ndi kachilombo ka bakiteriya kapena kachilombo?

Mukakhala ndi zizindikilo monga nseru, kutsegula m'mimba, kapena kukokana m'mimba, mwina mumakhala ndi vuto la m'mimba. Koma kodi ndichifukwa cha matenda a virus kapena bakiteriya?

Tizilombo ta m'mimba nthawi zambiri timagawika m'magulu awiri kutengera momwe amapezera:

• Gastroenteritis ndi matenda am'mimba. Zimachitika chifukwa chokhudzana ndi chopondapo kapena masanzi kuchokera kwa munthu yemwe ali ndi matendawa.
• Kupha poyizoni ndi matenda am'magazi omwe amayamba chifukwa chodya zakudya kapena zakumwa zoyipa.

Gastroenteritis ndi poyizoni wazakudya zimatha kuyambitsidwa ndi ma virus komanso bacteria. Kaya chifukwa chake ndi chiyani, nthawi zambiri matenda anu amatha tsiku limodzi kapena awiri osamalira bwino nyumba.

Komabe, zizindikiro zomwe zimatenga nthawi yayitali kuposa masiku atatu, zimayambitsa matenda otsekula magazi, kapena zimayambitsa kuchepa kwa madzi m'thupi zitha kuwonetsa matenda oopsa omwe amafunikira chithandizo chamankhwala mwachangu.

Kodi matendawa amapezeka bwanji?

Nthawi zina dokotala wanu amatha kuzindikira matenda anu kutengera mbiri yanu yazachipatala komanso zomwe muli nazo.

Mwachitsanzo, zinthu monga chikuku kapena nthomba zimakhala ndi zizindikilo zomwe zimapezeka kuti zimangopimidwa.

Kuonjezerapo, ngati pali mliri wamakono wa matenda enaake, dokotala wanu adzawunikira. Chitsanzo ndi fuluwenza, yomwe imayambitsa miliri yamanyengo m'nyengo yozizira ya chaka chilichonse.

Ngati dokotala akufuna kudziwa mtundu wanji wa zamoyo zomwe zingayambitse matenda anu, atenge zitsanzo ku chikhalidwe. Zitsanzo zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito pachikhalidwe zimasiyanasiyana malinga ndi momwe akukayikirira, koma atha kukhala:

• magazi
• ntchofu kapena sputum
• mkodzo
• chopondapo
• khungu
• cerebral spinal fluid (CSF)

Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tikakula, zimathandiza dokotala kuti adziwe chomwe chikuyambitsa matenda anu. Pankhani ya matenda a bakiteriya, amathanso kuwathandiza kudziwa maantibayotiki omwe angakhale othandiza pochiza matenda anu.

Ndi matenda ati omwe amachiritsidwa ndi maantibayotiki?

Maantibayotiki ndi mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda a bakiteriya.

Pali mitundu yambiri ya maantibayotiki, koma yonse imagwira ntchito kuti mabakiteriya asakule ndikugawana bwino. Sagwira ntchito polimbana ndi matenda opatsirana.

Ngakhale mukungotenga maantibayotiki pa matenda a bakiteriya, maantibayotiki nthawi zambiri amafunsidwa kuti atenge matenda a tizilombo. Izi ndizowopsa chifukwa kupitiliza mankhwala opha maantibayotiki kumatha kubweretsa maantibayotiki.

Kukana kwa maantibayotiki kumachitika pamene mabakiteriya amasintha kuti athe kulimbana ndi maantibayotiki ena. Zingapangitse matenda ambiri a bakiteriya kukhala ovuta kuchiza.

Ngati mwapatsidwa maantibayotiki pa matenda a bakiteriya, tengani mankhwala anu onse - ngakhale mutayamba kumva bwino pakatha masiku angapo. Kuchepetsa miyezo kumatha kupewa kupha mabakiteriya onse.

Kodi matenda a tizilombo amachiritsidwa bwanji?

Palibe chithandizo chapadera cha matenda opatsirana ambiri. Chithandizochi chimangoganizira zokhazokha, pomwe thupi lanu limagwira ntchito kuti lithetse matendawa. Izi zitha kuphatikizira zinthu monga:

• kumwa zakumwa zoteteza kutaya madzi m'thupi
• kupeza mpumulo wokwanira
• kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opweteka a OTC, monga acetaminophen (Tylenol) kapena ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil) kuti athetse zopweteka, zowawa, ndi malungo
• kutenga OTC decongestant kuti athandizidwe ndi mphuno yothamanga kapena yothinana
• kuyamwa pakhosi lozenge kuti muthandize kuchepetsa pakhosi

Mankhwala a mavairasi

Nthawi zina, adokotala amatha kukupatsani mankhwala ochepetsa ma virus kuti akuthandizeni kuthana ndi vuto lanu.

Mankhwala ochepetsa mphamvu ya kachilombo ka HIV amaletsa moyo wa ma virus m'njira inayake.

Zitsanzo zina zimaphatikizapo mankhwala monga oseltamivir (Tamiflu) a fuluwenza kapena valacyclovir (Valtrex) ya herpes simplex kapena herpes zoster (shingles) matenda opatsirana.

Momwe mungapewere matenda

Mutha kutsatira malangizo omwe ali pansipa kuti muteteze kudwala matenda a bakiteriya kapena ma virus:

Khalani aukhondo

Onetsetsani kuti mwasamba m'manja musanadye, mukatha kusamba, komanso musanadye kapena mutagwira chakudya.

Pewani kugwira nkhope yanu, pakamwa, kapena mphuno ngati manja anu sali oyera. Osagawana zinthu zanu monga:

• ziwiya zodyera
• magalasi akumwa
• wamsuwachi

Pezani katemera

Katemera ambiri amapezeka kuti ateteze matenda osiyanasiyana a ma virus ndi bakiteriya. Zitsanzo za matenda otetezedwa ndi katemera ndi awa:

• chikuku
• fuluwenza
• kafumbata
• chifuwa chachikulu

Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za katemera omwe mungapeze.

Osatuluka kunja ngati mukudwala

Khalani panyumba ngati mukudwala kuti muteteze kufalitsa matenda anu kwa anthu ena.

Ngati mukuyenera kutuluka, sambani m'manja pafupipafupi ndikuyetsemula kapena kutsokomola m'kakhungu kanu kapena minyewa. Onetsetsani kuti mwataya ziwalo zilizonse zomwe zagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Chitani zogonana motetezeka

Kugwiritsa ntchito kondomu kapena njira zina zotchingira zingathandize kupewa matenda opatsirana pogonana. Kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa omwe amagonana nawo kwawonetsedwanso kuti ali ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana.

Onetsetsani kuti chakudya chaphikidwa bwino

Onetsetsani kuti nyama zonse zaphikidwa kutentha koyenera. Onetsetsani kuti mwatsuka zipatso kapena ndiwo zamasamba zilizonse musanadye.

Musalole kuti chakudya chotsalira chikhale pansi kutentha. M'malo mwake, aziwatsitsa mufiriji msanga.

Tetezani kulumidwa ndi tizirombo

Onetsetsani kuti mukugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala othamangitsa tizilombo omwe ali ndi zosakaniza monga DEET kapena picaridin ngati mupita panja pomwe tizilombo, monga udzudzu ndi nkhupakupa, zimapezeka.

Valani mathalauza ataliatali ndi malaya amanja aatali, ngati zingatheke.

Tengera kwina

Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timayambitsa matenda ambiri, ndipo matendawa amatha kufalikira m'njira zambiri.

Nthawi zina adokotala amatha kuzindikira matenda anu pongowunika. Nthawi zina, angafunike kutenga zitsanzo ku chikhalidwe kuti adziwe ngati matenda a bakiteriya kapena ma virus akuyambitsa matenda anu.

Maantibayotiki amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda opatsirana. Chithandizo cha matenda opatsirana chimayang'ana kwambiri kuchiza matendawa. Ngakhale nthawi zina, mankhwala a antiviral angagwiritsidwe ntchito.

Mutha kuthandiza kupewa kudwala kapena kufalitsa matenda a bakiteriya ndi ma virus ndi:

• kuchita ukhondo
• kulandira katemera
• kukhala kunyumba ukamadwala