Mpweya wamatenda

Zamkati

• Erythrocytosis motsutsana ndi polycythemia
• Nchiyani chimayambitsa izi?
• Zizindikiro zake ndi ziti?
• Kodi izi zimapezeka bwanji?
• Kuchiza ndi kuwongolera erythrocytosis
• Maganizo ake ndi otani?

Chidule

Erythrocytosis ndimkhalidwe womwe thupi lanu limapanga maselo ofiira ochulukirapo (RBCs), kapena ma erythrocyte. Ma RBC amanyamula mpweya ku ziwalo ndi matupi anu. Kukhala ndi maselo ochulukirachulukira kumatha kupangitsa magazi anu kukhala okhwima kuposa momwe zimakhalira ndikupangitsa magazi kuundana ndi zovuta zina.

Pali mitundu iwiri ya erythrocytosis:

• Pulayimale erythrocytosis. Mtunduwu umayambitsidwa ndi vuto lama cell m'mafupa, momwe amapangira ma RBC. Ma erythrocytosis oyambira nthawi zina amatengera.
• Erythrocytosis yachiwiri. Matenda kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena osokoneza bongo kumatha kuyambitsa mtundu uwu.

Pakati pa 44 ndi 57 mwa anthu 100,000 ali ndi erythrocytosis yoyamba, malinga ndi momwe zinthu ziliri. Chiwerengero cha anthu omwe ali ndi erythrocytosis yachiwiri atha kukhala ochulukirapo, koma ndizovuta kupeza nambala yeniyeni chifukwa pali zifukwa zambiri zomwe zingayambitse.

Erythrocytosis motsutsana ndi polycythemia

Erythrocytosis nthawi zina amatchedwa polycythemia, koma zikhalidwe ndizosiyana pang'ono:

• Mpweya wamatenda ndi kuwonjezeka kwa ma RBC okhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwa magazi.
• Polycythemiandi kuwonjezeka kwa magulu onse a RBC ndipo hemoglobin, mapuloteni m'maselo ofiira amwazi omwe amanyamula mpweya kumatumba amthupi.

Nchiyani chimayambitsa izi?

Ma erythrocytosis oyambilira amatha kupitilira m'mabanja. Zimayambitsidwa ndi kusintha kwa majini omwe amayang'anira kuchuluka kwa ma RBC mafupa anu. Imodzi mwazomwe zimasinthidwa, mafupa anu amatulutsa ma RBC owonjezera, ngakhale thupi lanu silikuwafuna.

Choyambitsa china cha erythrocytosis choyambirira ndi polycythemia vera. Matendawa amachititsa kuti mafupa anu apange ma RBC ambiri. Magazi anu amakula kwambiri chifukwa cha izi.

Secondary erythrocytosis ndi kuwonjezeka kwa ma RBCs omwe amayamba chifukwa cha matenda oyambitsidwa kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena. Zomwe zimayambitsa erythrocytosis yachiwiri ndi izi:

• kusuta
• kusowa kwa mpweya, monga matenda am'mapapo kapena kukhala m'malo okwera kwambiri
• zotupa
• mankhwala monga steroids ndi diuretics

Nthawi zina chifukwa cha erythrocytosis yachiwiri sichidziwika.

Zizindikiro zake ndi ziti?

Zizindikiro za erythrocytosis ndizo:

• kupweteka mutu
• chizungulire
• kupuma movutikira
• mwazi wa m'mphuno
• kuthamanga kwa magazi
• kusawona bwino
• kuyabwa

Kukhala ndi ma RBC ambiri kungapangitsenso mwayi wanu wamagazi. Ngati chotsekera chikhazikika mumtsempha kapena mumtsempha, chimatha kuletsa kutuluka kwa magazi kupita ku ziwalo zofunika monga mtima kapena ubongo. Kutseka kwa magazi kumatha kubweretsa matenda amtima kapena kupwetekedwa.

Kodi izi zimapezeka bwanji?

Dokotala wanu ayamba ndikufunsani za mbiri yanu yamankhwala ndi zomwe mukudziwa. Kenako achita kuyezetsa kwakuthupi.

Kuyezetsa magazi kumatha kuchitika kuti muyese kuchuluka kwanu kwa RBC ndi milingo ya erythropoietin (EPO). EPO ndi hormone yomwe impso zanu zimatulutsa. Zimakulitsa kupanga ma RBC thupi lanu likakhala ndi mpweya wochepa.

Anthu omwe ali ndi erythrocytosis yoyamba adzakhala ndi gawo lochepa la EPO. Omwe ali ndi erythrocytosis yachiwiri atha kukhala ndi mulingo wapamwamba wa EPO.

Muthanso kuyesa magazi kuti muwone kuchuluka kwa:

• Kutulutsa magazi. Izi ndi kuchuluka kwa ma RBC m'magazi anu.
• Hemoglobin. Awa ndi mapuloteni mu RBCs omwe amanyamula mpweya mthupi lanu lonse.

Chiyeso chotchedwa pulse oximetry chimayeza kuchuluka kwa mpweya m'magazi anu. Imagwiritsa ntchito chida chojambulidwa chomwe chayikidwa chala chanu. Kuyesaku kumatha kuwonetsa ngati kuchepa kwa oxygen kudayambitsa erythrocytosis yanu.

Ngati dokotala akuganiza kuti pangakhale vuto ndi mafupa anu, adzayesa kusintha kwa majini otchedwa JAK2. Mwinanso mungafunikire kukhala ndi chiyembekezo cha m'mafupa kapena biopsy. Kuyesaku kumachotsa mtundu wa minofu, madzi, kapena zonse mkati mwa mafupa anu. Kenako amayesedwa mu labu kuti awone ngati mafupa anu akupanga ma RBC ambiri.

Mutha kuyesanso kusintha kwa majini komwe kumayambitsa erythrocytosis.

Kuchiza ndi kuwongolera erythrocytosis

Chithandizochi chimachepetsa chiopsezo chanu chamagazi ndikuchepetsa zizindikiritso. Nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo kutsitsa kuwerengera kwanu kwa RBC.

Mankhwala a erythrocytosis ndi awa:

• Phlebotomy (yotchedwanso venesection). Njirayi imachotsa magazi ochepa mthupi lanu kuti muchepetse ma RBC. Mungafunike kulandira mankhwalawa kawiri pa sabata kapena kangapo mpaka matenda anu atakhala pansi.
• Asipilini. Kutsika pang'ono pamankhwala ochepetsa ululu a tsiku ndi tsiku kungathandize kupewa kuundana kwamagazi.
• Mankhwala omwe amachepetsa kupanga RBC. Izi zikuphatikiza hydroxyurea (Hydrea), busulfan (Myleran), ndi interferon.

Maganizo ake ndi otani?

Nthawi zambiri zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa erythrocytosis sizingachiritsidwe. Popanda chithandizo, erythrocytosis imatha kuwonjezera chiopsezo chanu chokhala ndi magazi, mtima, komanso sitiroko. Ikhozanso kuwonjezera chiopsezo cha khansa ya m'magazi ndi mitundu ina ya khansa yamagazi.

Kulandila chithandizo chomwe chimachepetsa kuchuluka kwa ma RBC omwe thupi lanu limatulutsa kumatha kuchepetsa zizindikilo zanu ndikupewa zovuta.