Kutsegula kwa Orotracheal: ndi chiyani, ndi chiyani komanso momwe zimachitikira

Zamkati

• Ndi chiyani
• Kodi intubation yachitika bwanji?
• Pamene siziyenera kuchitidwa
• Zovuta zotheka

Orotracheal intubation, yomwe nthawi zambiri imadziwika kuti intubation, ndi njira yomwe dokotala amalowetsera chubu kuchokera mkamwa mwa munthu kupita ku trachea, kuti akhale ndi njira yotseguka yamapapo ndikuonetsetsa kuti akupuma mokwanira. Chubu ichi chimalumikizidwanso ndi makina opumira, omwe amalowa m'malo mwa ntchito ya minofu yopumira, kukankhira mpweya m'mapapu.

Chifukwa chake, ma intubation amawonetsedwa pomwe adotolo amafunika kuwongolera kupuma kwa munthu, zomwe zimachitika pafupipafupi pakuchita maopaleshoni ndi anesthesia wamba kapena kupuma mwa anthu omwe ali mchipatala ali ovuta kwambiri.

Njirayi iyenera kuchitidwa ndi akatswiri azaumoyo okha komanso pamalo okhala ndi zida zokwanira, monga zipatala, popeza pali chiopsezo chovulala kwambiri panjira yapaulendo.

Ndi chiyani

Kutulutsa kwa Orotracheal kumachitika pakakhala kofunikira kuwongolera mayendedwe apansi, omwe angafunike pazinthu monga:

• Kukhala pansi pa anesthesia ya opaleshoni;
• Chithandizo champhamvu mwa anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu;
• Kumangidwa kwamtima;
• Kutsekeka kwa ndege, monga glottis edema.

Kuphatikiza apo, mavuto aliwonse azaumoyo omwe angakhudze mayendedwe amlengalenga amathanso kukhala chisonyezero cha intubation, chifukwa ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti mapapo apitiliza kulandira mpweya.

Pali ma machubu amitundu yosiyanasiyana ya intubation, ndipo chosiyana ndi kukula kwake, komwe kumakhala 7 ndi 8 mm mwa akulu. Kwa ana, kukula kwa chubu cha intubation kumapangidwa molingana ndi msinkhu.

Kodi intubation yachitika bwanji?

Intubation imachitika ndi munthu amene wagona chagada ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala atakomoka, ndipo pankhani ya opaleshoni, intubation imachitika pambuyo poti anesthesia ayambe, popeza kutsegulira ndi njira yovuta kwambiri.

Kuti muchite bwino, pamafunika anthu awiri: m'modzi amene amasunga khosi mosamala, kuwonetsetsa kuti msana ndi njira yolowera ikuyenda bwino, ndipo winayo kuti aikepo chubu. Chisamaliro ichi ndi chofunikira kwambiri pambuyo pangozi kapena mwa anthu omwe atsimikiziridwa kuti awonongeka msana, kupewa kuvulala kwa msana.

Kenako, ndani amene akuchita izi amatenga chibwano chake ndikutsegula pakamwa pake kuti aike laryngoscope mkamwa, chomwe ndi chida chomwe chimayambira poyambira ndipo chimakupatsani mwayi wowonera glottis ndi zingwe zamawu. Kenako, chubu chobisaliracho chimayikidwa kudzera pakamwa ndikutsegula kwa glottis.

Pomaliza, chubu chimamangiriridwa pamalowo ndi kabaluni kakang'ono kofufuma ndipo kalumikizidwa ndi makina opumira, omwe amalowetsa m'malo mwa minofu ya kupuma ndikulola mpweya kufikira m'mapapu.

Pamene siziyenera kuchitidwa

Pali zochepa zotsutsana ndi orotracheal intubation, chifukwa ndi njira yadzidzidzi yomwe imathandizira kutsimikizira kupuma. Komabe, njirayi iyenera kupewedwa mwa anthu omwe ali ndi mtundu wina wodulidwa mu trachea, makamaka kupatsidwa opaleshoni yomwe imayika chubu m'malo mwake.

Kupezeka kwa kuvulala kwa msana wam'mimba si kutsutsana kwa intubation, chifukwa ndizotheka kukhazikika pakhosi kuti lisakule kapena kuyambitsa kuvulala kwatsopano kwa msana.

Zovuta zotheka

Vuto lalikulu kwambiri lomwe limatha kuchitika ndikubwezeretsa chubu pamalo olakwika, monga pammero, kutumiza mpweya m'mimba m'malo mwa mapapu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mpweya usakhalepo.

Kuphatikiza apo, ngati sichichitidwa ndi akatswiri azaumoyo, ma intubation atha kuwonongera njira yopumira, kutuluka magazi komanso kupangitsa kutulutsa kwamasamba m'mapapu.