Mayeso a PDL1 (Immunotherapy)

Zamkati

• Kuyesa kwa PDL1 ndi chiyani?
• Amagwiritsidwa ntchito yanji?
• Chifukwa chiyani ndikufuna mayeso a PDL1?
• Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani pakuyesedwa kwa PDL1?
• Kodi ndiyenera kuchita chilichonse kukonzekera mayeso?
• Kodi pali zoopsa zilizonse pamayeso?
• Kodi zotsatirazi zikutanthauza chiyani?
• Kodi pali china chilichonse chomwe ndiyenera kudziwa pamayeso a PDL1?
• Zolemba

Kuyesa kwa PDL1 ndi chiyani?

Mayesowa amayesa kuchuluka kwa PDL1 pama cell a khansa. PDL1 ndi mapuloteni omwe amathandiza kuti maselo amthupi asatengeke ndi maselo osavulaza mthupi. Nthawi zambiri, chitetezo chamthupi chimamenyana ndi zinthu zakunja monga mavairasi ndi mabakiteriya, osati ma cell anu athanzi. Maselo ena a khansa amakhala ndi PDL1 yambiri. Izi zimalola kuti ma cell a khansa "azinyenga" chitetezo cha mthupi, ndikupewa kuwomberedwa ngati zinthu zakunja, zovulaza.

Ngati maselo anu a khansa ali ndi PDL1 yochulukirapo, mutha kupindula ndi chithandizo chotchedwa immunotherapy. Immunotherapy ndi mankhwala omwe amalimbikitsa chitetezo cha mthupi lanu kuti chithandizire kuzindikira ndikulimbana ndi maselo a khansa. Immunotherapy yasonyezedwa kuti ndi yothandiza kwambiri pochiza mitundu ina ya khansa. Zimakhalanso ndi zovuta zochepa kuposa mankhwala ena a khansa.

Mayina ena: adapangidwira imfa-ligand 1, PD-LI, PDL-1 wolemba immunohistochemistry (IHC)

Amagwiritsidwa ntchito yanji?

Kuyesedwa kwa PDL1 kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti mudziwe ngati muli ndi khansa yomwe ingapindule ndi immunotherapy.

Chifukwa chiyani ndikufuna mayeso a PDL1?

Mungafunike kuyesedwa kwa PDL1 ngati mwapezeka kuti muli ndi imodzi mwa khansa iyi:

• Khansa ya m'mapapo yosakhala yaying'ono
• Khansa ya pakhungu
• Hodgkin lymphoma
• Khansara ya chikhodzodzo
• Khansa ya impso
• Khansa ya m'mawere

Mulingo wapamwamba wa PDL1 umapezeka m'matenda amenewa, komanso mitundu ina ya khansa. Khansa yomwe ili ndi PDL1 yambiri imatha kuchiritsidwa bwino ndi immunotherapy.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani pakuyesedwa kwa PDL1?

Mayesero ambiri a PDL1 amachitika motsatira njira yotchedwa biopsy. Pali mitundu itatu yayikulu ya njira zowunikira:

• Chida chabwino cha singano, yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito singano yopyapyala kwambiri kuchotsa sampuli yamaselo kapena madzi
• Chigoba chachikulu cha singano, yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito singano yayikulu kuchotsa nyemba
• Opaleshoni biopsy, yomwe imachotsa zitsanzo munjira yaying'ono, yopita kuchipatala

Kukhumba kwabwino kwa singano ndi ma biopsies oyambira singano Nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo izi:

• Mudzagona mbali yanu kapena kukhala patebulo la mayeso.
• Wothandizira zaumoyo amatsuka tsambalo ndikulibaya mankhwala oletsa kupweteka kuti musamve kuwawa panthawi yomwe mukuchita.
• Dera likangokhala dzanzi, wothandizirayo amalowetsa singano yoyeserera kapena singano yoyambira patsambalo ndikuchotsa minofu kapena madzimadzi.
• Mutha kumva kupsinjika pang'ono ngati chitsanzocho chitachotsedwa.
• Anzanu adzagwiritsidwa ntchito patsambalo mpaka magazi atasiya.
• Wothandizira anu adzagwiritsa ntchito bandeji wosabala pamalo osanthula.

Mu biopsy ya opaleshoni, dokotalayo amadula pang'ono pakhungu lanu kuti achotse chotupa chonse kapena gawo lina la bere. Kujambula opaleshoni nthawi zina kumachitika ngati chotupacho sichingafikiridwe ndi singano ya singano. Ma biopsies opangira opaleshoni nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi izi.

• Mugona patebulo logwirira ntchito. IV (chingwe cholowa mkati) chitha kuyikidwa m'manja mwanu kapena m'manja.
• Mutha kupatsidwa mankhwala, otchedwa sedative, kuti akuthandizeni kupumula.
• Mudzapatsidwa mankhwala oletsa ululu am'deralo kapena wamba kuti musamve kuwawa panthawiyi.
  • Kwa anesthesia yakomweko, wothandizira zaumoyo adzalowetsa tsambalo ndi mankhwala kuti achepetse malowo.
  • Pazachipatala, katswiri wotchedwa anesthesiologist amakupatsani mankhwala kuti musamakomedwe pochita izi.
• Dera la biopsy likakhala lofooka kapena simukudziwa, dokotalayo amadula pang'ono pachifuwa ndikuchotsa gawo limodzi kapena mtanda wonse. Minofu ina yozungulira buluyo imathanso kuchotsedwa.
• Odulidwa pakhungu lanu adzatsekedwa ndi zingwe kapena zomata zomata.

Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma biopsies. Mtundu wa biopsy womwe mumapeza umadalira kukula ndi chotupa chanu.

Kodi ndiyenera kuchita chilichonse kukonzekera mayeso?

Simusowa kukonzekera kulikonse ngati mukupeza mankhwala opatsirana (dzanzi la tsambalo). Ngati mukupeza mankhwala oletsa ululu, muyenera kusala kudya (osadya kapena kumwa) kwa maola angapo musanachite opaleshoni. Dokotala wanu adzakupatsani malangizo achindunji. Komanso, ngati mukupeza mankhwala ogonetsa kapena owonetsa ululu, onetsetsani kuti mwakonza zoti wina azikupititsani kunyumba. Mutha kukhala okwiya komanso osokonezeka mukadzuka panjira.

Kodi pali zoopsa zilizonse pamayeso?

Mutha kukhala ndi mikwingwirima kapena kutuluka magazi pamalo omwe mumapezeka biopsy. Nthawi zina malowa amatenga kachilomboka. Izi zikachitika, mudzalandira mankhwala opha tizilombo. Chidziwitso cha opaleshoni chingayambitse kupweteka kwina. Wothandizira zaumoyo wanu angakulimbikitseni kapena kukupatsirani mankhwala kuti akuthandizeni kumva bwino.

Kodi zotsatirazi zikutanthauza chiyani?

Ngati zotsatira zanu zikuwonetsa kuti ma cell anu a chotupa ali ndi PDL1 yambiri, mutha kuyambitsidwa ndi immunotherapy. Ngati zotsatira zanu sizikuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa PDL1, ma immunotherapy sangakhale othandiza kwa inu. Koma mutha kupindula ndi mtundu wina wa chithandizo cha khansa. Ngati muli ndi mafunso pazotsatira zanu, lankhulani ndi omwe amakuthandizani.

Dziwani zambiri zamayeso a labotale, magawo owerengera, ndi zotsatira zakumvetsetsa.

Kodi pali china chilichonse chomwe ndiyenera kudziwa pamayeso a PDL1?

Immunotherapy sagwira ntchito kwa aliyense, ngakhale mutakhala ndi zotupa zokhala ndi PDL1. Maselo a khansa ndi ovuta ndipo nthawi zambiri samadziwika. Opereka chithandizo chamankhwala ndi ofufuza akuphunzirabe za immunotherapy komanso momwe angadziwire omwe angapindule kwambiri ndi mankhwalawa.

Zolemba

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Zomwe zili patsamba lino siziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwa chithandizo chamankhwala kapena upangiri. Lumikizanani ndi othandizira azaumoyo ngati muli ndi mafunso okhudzana ndi thanzi lanu.