Zitsamba

Zamkati

• 1. Antihistamines
• 2. Zodzitetezera
• 3. Corticosteroids
• 4. Omwe amapanga bronchodilator
• Mankhwala othandizira zakudya

Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kumawonjezera zizindikilo monga kuyabwa, kuyetsemula, kutupa, kuyabwa m'maso kapena kutsokomola, zomwe zimakhudzana ndi kusokonezeka kwa zinthu zina monga nthata zafumbi, mungu kapena chakudya, mwachitsanzo.

Mankhwalawa amatha kupezeka m'mapiritsi, madontho, kutsitsi, ma syrups kapena madontho amaso, ndipo ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati angalimbikitsidwe ndi adotolo, popeza kuti ziwengo zimatha kuyambitsidwa ndi zinthu zingapo zomwe zimayenera kupezeka ndikupewa. Kuphatikiza apo, pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mankhwala omwe amasinthidwa mulimonsemo ndipo ena mwa iwo amafuna mankhwala oti mugule ku pharmacy.

Ngati zizindikiro zowopsa zikuwoneka, monga kutupa pakamwa ndi lilime, zomwe zimapangitsa kupuma kukhala kovuta, muyenera kuyitanitsa ambulansi kapena kumutengera munthuyo kuchipatala mwachangu. Onani momwe mungasiyanitsire zizindikiro zochepa zoopsa kuchokera ku anaphylactic mantha.

Mitundu yayikulu yazithandizo zomwe zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazovuta ndi izi:

1. Antihistamines

Antihistamines ndi mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pochiza matendawa, monga mphuno, khungu kapena vuto la maso, matupi awo sagwirizana ndi ming'oma, ndipo amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira zosiyanasiyana, monga mapiritsi ndi mankhwala, monga loratadine, desloratadine, cetirizine, hydroxyzine kapena Mwachitsanzo, fexofenadine, yomwe imagwira ntchito mwadongosolo. Mankhwalawa amalepheretsa histamine, chinthu chomwe chimakhudzidwa ndi kuyanjana kwa thupi.

Kuphatikiza apo, gulu la mankhwalawa limapezekanso m'madontho amaso, pochiza chifuwa cha m'maso, monga azelastine kapena ketotifen, mwachitsanzo, kapena m'madontho opopera kapena ammphuno omwe amachita molunjika pamphuno komanso omwe angakhale ndi dimethindene maleate kapena azelastine, chifukwa Mwachitsanzo, ndipo atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito payokha kapena kuphatikiza ndi antihistamine yapakamwa.

Palinso mafuta opaka ndi ma antihistamines omwe amapangidwa, omwe atha kukhala ndi promethazine kapena dimethindene mu kapangidwe, mwachitsanzo, omwe amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pakhungu komanso kuphatikiza ma antihistamines ena amlomo.

2. Zodzitetezera

Ma decongestants amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati othandizira antihistamines azizindikiro za kuchulukana ndi kutuluka kwammphuno, chifukwa amatulutsa zotupa, zothetsa mphuno, kufiira ndi ntchofu. Mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi pseudoephedrine, phenylephrine kapena oxymetazoline, mwachitsanzo.

3. Corticosteroids

Corticosteroids amagwira ntchito pochepetsa kutupa komwe kumayambitsidwa ndi chifuwa, koma amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Mankhwalawa amapezekanso m'mapiritsi, ma syrups, madontho am'kamwa, mafuta, mafuta onunkhira, madontho amaso, zothetsera m'mphuno kapena zida zopumira ndipo ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala kwambiri chifukwa zimakhala ndi zoyipa zambiri.

Zitsanzo za systemic corticosteroids yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazovuta zina ndi prednisolone, betamethasone kapena deflazacorte, mwachitsanzo. Beclomethasone, mometasone, budesonide ndi fluticasone amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mphuno yamphongo kapena pogwiritsa ntchito zida zokometsera mkamwa ndipo dexamethasone kapena fluocinolone amapezeka m'madontho ambiri amaso, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito potupa, kukwiya komanso kufiira m'maso.

Mafuta omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri amakhala ndi hydrocortisone kapena betamethasone momwe amapangidwira ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakhungu la khungu, ndipo amayenera kupakidwa mosanjikiza, kwa nthawi yayifupi kwambiri.

4. Omwe amapanga bronchodilator

Nthawi zina pangafunike kugwiritsa ntchito bronchodilators, monga salbutamol, budesonide kapena ipratropium bromide, mwachitsanzo, yomwe imathandizira kulowa kwa mpweya m'mapapu, kuwonetsedwa pochiza matenda opatsirana monga mphumu.

Mankhwalawa amapezeka ngati opopera kapena ufa wopumira koma amangogulidwa ndi mankhwala.

Njira zina zochizira matendawa ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo, monga sodium chromoline, yomwe imalepheretsa ma cell amenewa kuti asatulutse histamine, zomwe zimayambitsa mavuto ena.

Otsutsa a Leukotriene, monga Zafirlukast, nawonso amawonetsedwa kuti amachiza chifuwa.

Mankhwala othandizira zakudya

Mankhwala omwe amabwera chifukwa chakulephera kwa chakudya amafunikira kukonza zizindikilo monga nseru, kutsegula m'mimba, kuyabwa komanso kutupa pakamwa, maso kapena lilime. Kusankha kwamankhwala kumatengera ngati matupi awo sagwirizana pang'ono, ochepa kapena owopsa, popeza pali chiopsezo chotenga anaphylactic mantha, vuto lalikulu lomwe nthawi zina limatha kupha. Mvetsetsani momwe chithandizo chazakudya chimachitika.