Kapangidwe ka ADHD ndi Ubongo ndi Ntchito

Zamkati

• Kumvetsetsa ADHD
• Kapangidwe ka Ubongo ndi Ntchito mu ADHD
• Jenda ndi ADHD
• Chithandizo ndi Kusintha Kwamoyo
• Mankhwala
• Kusintha Kwamoyo
• Chiwonetsero
• Funso:
• Yankho:

Kapangidwe ka ADHD ndi Ubongo ndi Ntchito

ADHD ndi vuto la neurodevelopmental. Pazaka zingapo zapitazi, pakhala pali umboni wochulukirapo wosonyeza kuti kapangidwe ka ubongo ndi magwiridwe ake zimatha kusiyanasiyana pakati pa munthu yemwe ali ndi ADHD ndi wina wopanda vutoli. Kuzindikira kusiyanaku kungathandize kuchepetsa manyazi omwe nthawi zina amakhudzana ndi ADHD.

Kumvetsetsa ADHD

ADHD imadziwika ndi zovuta ndikusamala ndipo, nthawi zina, kutengeka kwambiri. Wina yemwe ali ndi ADHD atha kukhala ndi vuto kapena chidwi chochulukirapo.ADHD imapezeka nthawi yaubwana, koma imadziwikanso koyamba munthu wamkulu. Zizindikiro zina ndizo:

• kusowa chidwi
• kuseka
• Kuvuta kukhala pansi
• umunthu wambiri
• kuyiwala
• kuyankhula mosinthana
• mavuto amakhalidwe
• kupupuluma

Chifukwa chenicheni cha ADHD sichidziwika. Chibadwa chimaganiziridwa kuti chimathandiza kwambiri. Palinso zinthu zina zomwe zingachitike, monga:

• zakudya, ngakhale zikadali zotsutsana ngati pali mgwirizano pakati pa ADHD ndi kumwa shuga, malinga ndi kafukufuku munyuzipepala
• kuvulala kwaubongo
• kuwonekera kutsogolera
• kusuta ndudu komanso kumwa mowa panthawi yapakati

Kapangidwe ka Ubongo ndi Ntchito mu ADHD

Ubongo ndi chiwalo chovuta kwambiri cha munthu. Chifukwa chake, ndizomveka kuti kumvetsetsa kulumikizana pakati pa ADHD ndi magwiridwe antchito aubongo ndizovuta. Kafukufuku adafufuza ngati pali kusiyana pakati pa ana omwe ali ndi ADHD ndi omwe alibe vutoli. Pogwiritsa ntchito MRIs, kafukufuku wina adasanthula ana omwe alibe ADHD pazaka 10 zokha. Adapeza kuti kukula kwaubongo kunali kosiyana pakati pamagulu awiriwa. Ana omwe ali ndi ADHD anali ndi ubongo wocheperako pafupifupi, ngakhale ndikofunikira kunena kuti luntha silimakhudzidwa ndi kukula kwa ubongo. Ofufuzawo ananenanso kuti kukula kwa ubongo kunali kofanana kwa ana omwe ali ndi ADHD kapena opanda.

Kafukufukuyu adapezanso kuti magawo ena aubongo anali ocheperako mwa ana omwe ali ndi zizindikilo zowopsa za ADHD. Madera awa, monga lobes wakutsogolo, amatenga nawo mbali:

• kulamulira mwamphamvu
• chopinga
• ntchito yamagalimoto
• ndende

Ofufuzawo adayang'ananso kusiyana kwa zoyera ndi imvi mwa ana omwe ali ndi ADHD komanso opanda. Choyera chimakhala ndi ma axon, kapena ulusi wamitsempha. Nkhani yakuda ndi gawo lakunja la ubongo. Ofufuza apeza kuti anthu omwe ali ndi ADHD atha kukhala ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zam'magazi am'magawo amuubongo omwe:

• kupupuluma
• chidwi
• chopinga
• ntchito yamagalimoto

Njira zosiyanasiyanazi zitha kufotokoza chifukwa chake anthu omwe ali ndi ADHD nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi zovuta zamakhalidwe komanso zovuta kuphunzira.

Jenda ndi ADHD

Journal of Attention Disorders inanenanso kuti pakhoza kukhala kusiyana pakati pa amuna ndi akazi mu ADHD. Kafukufuku wina adapeza kuti jenda imawonekera pazotsatira zamayeso magwiridwe antchito kuyeza kusazindikira komanso kusakhudzidwa. Zotsatira zoyeserera zidawonetsa kuti anyamata amakonda kukhala osakhudzidwa kuposa atsikana. Panalibe kusiyana kulikonse pakati pa anyamata ndi atsikana. Pa flipside, atsikana omwe ali ndi ADHD amatha kukumana ndi zovuta zambiri zamkati, monga kuda nkhawa komanso kukhumudwa, makamaka akamakula. Komabe, kusiyana pakati pa amuna ndi akazi ndi ADHD kumafunabe kafukufuku wina.

Chithandizo ndi Kusintha Kwamoyo

Chithandizo ndichofunikira kusintha moyo wa ADHD. Kwa iwo omwe sanakwanitse zaka 5, amalimbikitsa kuti azitha kulandira chithandizo chamakhalidwe koyambirira. Kulowererapo koyambirira kumatha:

• amachepetsa mavuto amakhalidwe
• kusintha magiredi kusukulu
• kuthandiza ndi maluso ochezera
• pewani zolephera kumaliza ntchito

Kwa ana azaka zopitilira 5, mankhwala nthawi zambiri amawonedwa ngati mzere woyamba wa chithandizo cha ADHD. Njira zina zamoyo zingathandizenso.

Mankhwala

Ponena za kasamalidwe kabwino ka ADHD, mankhwala akuchipatala akupitiliza kukhala njira yoyamba yothandizira ana ambiri. Izi zimabwera ngati mawonekedwe opatsa mphamvu. Ngakhale zitha kuwoneka zopanda phindu kupatsa munthu wina yemwe ali ndi vuto lotopetsa mankhwalawa, mankhwalawa amakhala ndi zovuta kwa odwala ADHD.

Vuto la zopatsa mphamvu ndikuti amatha kukhala ndi zovuta zina mwa odwala ena, monga:

• kupsa mtima
• kutopa
• kusowa tulo

Malinga ndi McGovern Institute for Brain Research, pafupifupi 60 peresenti ya anthu amayankha poyambira pomwe adalandira. Ngati simukukondwera ndi mankhwala opatsa mphamvu, chosakakamiza ndi njira ina ya ADHD.

Kusintha Kwamoyo

Kusintha kwa moyo kumathandizanso kuwongolera zizindikiritso za ADHD. Izi ndizothandiza makamaka kwa ana omwe akukhalabe ndi zizolowezi zomanga. Mutha kuyesa:

• Kuchepetsa nthawi yakanema, makamaka nthawi yamadzulo komanso nthawi zina
• kuchita nawo masewera kapena zosangalatsa
• kuwonjezera luso la bungwe
• kukhazikitsa zolinga ndi zabwino zomwe mungapeze
• kutsatira zochitika za tsiku ndi tsiku

Chiwonetsero

Popeza kulibe mankhwala a ADHD, chithandizo ndikofunikira kuti mukhale ndi moyo wabwino. Chithandizo chitha kuthandizanso ana kuchita bwino kusukulu. Ngakhale zovuta zina zimawonedwa nthawi zambiri ali mwana, zizindikilo zina zimakula ndikukula. M'malo mwake, National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) imazindikira kuti ubongo wa wodwala ADHD umafika "pachizolowezi", koma umachedwa. Komanso, ngakhale pali kusiyana pakati pa amuna ndi akazi mkati mwa kapangidwe ka ubongo ndikugwira ntchito mkati mwa ADHD, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti amuna ndi akazi amathandizanso chimodzimodzi.

Funsani dokotala ngati njira yothandizira mwana wanu pakadali pano ingafunikire kuwonekeranso. Mutha kuganiziranso zokambirana ndi akatswiri pasukulu ya mwana wanu kuti mupeze ntchito zowonjezera. Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti ndi chithandizo choyenera, mwana wanu akhoza kukhala ndi moyo wabwinobwino komanso wosangalala.

Funso:

Kodi ndi zoona kuti ADHD imadziwika mwa atsikana? Ngati ndi choncho, chifukwa chiyani?

Wosadziwika wodwala

Yankho:

ADHD yakhala ikugwirizanitsidwa ndi anyamata komanso machitidwe osakhazikika. Milandu yambiri ya ADHD imadziwitsidwa kwa makolo ndi aphunzitsi omwe amawona zosokoneza za mwana mkalasi. Khalidwe losasamala mwa chikhalidwe chake limasokoneza kapena limabweretsa zovuta kuposa machitidwe osasamala omwe nthawi zambiri amawoneka mwa atsikana omwe ali ndi ADHD. Omwe ali ndi zizindikilo zosazindikira za ADHD samayankha chidwi cha aphunzitsi awo, motero, nthawi zambiri samadziwika kuti ali ndi vuto.

A Timothy J. Legg, PhD, PMHNP-BCA mayankho amayimira malingaliro a akatswiri athu azachipatala. Zonse zomwe zili ndizachidziwikire ndipo siziyenera kuonedwa ngati upangiri wa zamankhwala.