Edema ya m'mapapo

Edema ya m'mapapo ndi madzi osadziwika m'mapapu. Kuchuluka kwa madzimadzi kumeneku kumabweretsa kupuma pang'ono.

Edema ya m'mapapo nthawi zambiri imayambitsidwa ndi kupindika kwa mtima. Pamene mtima sungathe kupopera bwino, magazi amatha kubwerera m'mitsempha yomwe imatenga magazi kudzera m'mapapu.

Pamene kupanikizika m'mitsempha yamagazi ukukulirakulira, madzi amakankhira m'mlengalenga (alveoli) m'mapapu. Amadzimadzi amachepetsa kayendedwe kabwino ka mpweya m'mapapu. Zinthu ziwirizi zimaphatikizana ndikupangitsa kupuma pang'ono.

Kulephera kwa mtima komwe kumayambitsa edema yam'mapapo kungayambidwe ndi:

• Matenda amtima, kapena matenda aliwonse amtima omwe amafooketsa kapena kuumitsa minofu ya mtima (cardiomyopathy)
• Kutulutsa kapena kutchera mavavu amtima (mitral kapena aortic valves)
• Mwadzidzidzi, kuthamanga kwambiri kwa magazi (kuthamanga kwa magazi)

Edema ya m'mapapo ingayambenso chifukwa cha:

• Mankhwala ena
• Kutentha kwambiri
• Impso kulephera
• Mitsempha yochepetsetsa yomwe imabweretsa magazi ku impso
• Mavuto am'mapapo amayamba chifukwa cha mpweya wa poizoni kapena matenda akulu
• Kuvulala kwakukulu

Zizindikiro za m'mapapo mwanga edema atha kukhala:

• Kutsokomola magazi kapena chisanu chamagazi
• Kuvuta kupuma mukamagona (orthopnea)
• Kumva "njala yamlengalenga" kapena "kumira" (Kumverera uku kumatchedwa "paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea" ngati kukupangitsani kudzuka 1 mpaka 2 maola mutagona ndikuvutika kuti mupume.)
• Kung'ung'udza, kung'ung'udza, kapena kumveka kwamphamvu ndi kupuma
• Mavuto oyankhula ziganizo zonse chifukwa cha kupuma movutikira

Zizindikiro zina zitha kuphatikiza:

• Kuda nkhawa kapena kusakhazikika
• Chepetsani mulingo wa kukhala tcheru
• Kutupa kwamiyendo kapena m'mimba
• Khungu lotumbululuka
• Thukuta (mopitirira muyeso)

Wothandizira zaumoyo adzayesa mokwanira.

Woperekayo amamvera mapapu anu ndi mtima wanu ndi stethoscope kuti awone:

• Mtima wosazolowereka umamveka
• Mitsempha m'mapapu anu, yotchedwa rales
• Kuchuluka kwa kugunda kwa mtima (tachycardia)
• Kupuma mofulumira (tachypnea)

Zinthu zina zomwe zimawonedwa pamayeso ndi monga:

• Kutupa kwamiyendo kapena m'mimba
• Zovuta zamitsempha yanu (zomwe zitha kuwonetsa kuti pali madzi ambiri mthupi lanu)
• Mtundu wofiirira kapena wabuluu (pallor kapena cyanosis)

Mayeso omwe angakhalepo ndi awa:

• Mankhwala amagazi
• Magazi a oxygen (oximetry kapena mpweya wamagazi wamagazi)
• X-ray pachifuwa
• Kuwerengera kwathunthu kwa magazi (CBC)
• Echocardiogram (ultrasound ya mtima) kuti muwone ngati pali zovuta ndi minofu yamtima
• Electrocardiogram (ECG) kuti ayang'ane zizindikiro za vuto la mtima kapena mavuto ndi nyimbo yamtima

Edema ya m'mapapo nthawi zambiri amachiritsidwa m'chipinda chodzidzimutsa kapena kuchipatala. Mungafunike kukhala mchipinda cha anthu odwala mwakayakaya (ICU).

• Oxygen amaperekedwa kudzera pachisoti kumaso kapena timachubu tating'ono ta pulasitiki timayikidwa mphuno.
• Chitoliro chopumira chitha kuikidwa pamphepo (trachea) kuti muthe kulumikizidwa ndi makina opumira ngati simungathe kupuma bwino panokha.

Zomwe zimayambitsa edema ziyenera kudziwika ndikuchiritsidwa mwachangu. Mwachitsanzo, ngati matenda amtima ayambitsa vutoli, ayenera kuthandizidwa nthawi yomweyo.

Mankhwala omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi awa:

• Odzetsa omwe amachotsa madzimadzi owonjezera mthupi
• Mankhwala omwe amalimbitsa minofu ya mtima, amaletsa kugunda kwa mtima, kapena amachepetsa kupsinjika kwa mtima
• Mankhwala ena pamene kulephera kwa mtima sichimayambitsa edema ya m'mapapo

Maganizo amadalira choyambitsa. Vutoli limatha kuchira msanga kapena pang'onopang'ono. Anthu ena angafunike kugwiritsa ntchito makina opumira kwa nthawi yayitali. Ngati sanalandire chithandizo, vutoli limatha kukhala pangozi.

Pitani kuchipinda chadzidzidzi kapena itanani 911 kapena nambala yadzidzidzi yakomweko ngati muli ndi vuto la kupuma.

Tengani mankhwala anu onse monga mwauzidwa ngati muli ndi matenda omwe angayambitse edema ya m'mapapo kapena kufooka kwa mtima.

Kutsata zakudya zabwino zomwe mulibe mchere wambiri komanso mafuta, komanso kuwongolera zina zomwe zingayambitse chiopsezo chanu kumachepetsa chiopsezo chokhala ndi vutoli.

Kusokonezeka kwa mapapo; Madzi m'mapapo; Kuchulukana m'mapapo mwanga; Mtima kulephera - m'mapapo mwanga edema

• Mapapo
• Dongosolo kupuma

Felker GM, Teerlink JR. Kuzindikira ndikuwunika kwa kulephera kwamtima. Mu: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, olemba. Matenda a Mtima a Braunwald: Buku Lophunzitsira la Mankhwala Amtima. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chap 24.

Matthay MA, Murray JF. Edema ya m'mapapo. Mu: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, olemba. Murray ndi Nadel's Bookbook of Respiratory Medicine. Lachisanu ndi chimodzi. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 62.

Rogers JG, O'Connor CM. Kulephera kwa mtima: pathophysiology ndi matenda. Mu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, olemba. Mankhwala a Goldman-Cecil. 26 wa. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 52.