Chiwindi C

Hepatitis C ndi matenda amtundu womwe umayambitsa kutupa (kutupa) kwa chiwindi.

Mitundu ina ya chiwindi cha chiwindi ndi monga:

• Chiwindi A.
• Chiwindi B
• Chiwindi D
• Hepatitis E

Matenda a hepatitis C amayamba chifukwa cha kachilombo ka hepatitis C (HCV).

Mutha kutenga hepatitis C ngati magazi a munthu yemwe ali ndi HCV alowa mthupi lanu. Chiwonetsero chikhoza kuchitika:

• Pambuyo pa ndodo ya singano kapena kuvulala kwakuthwa
• Ngati magazi ochokera kwa munthu yemwe ali ndi HCV amalumikizana ndi khungu lanu kapena amalumikizana ndi maso kapena pakamwa

Anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo cha HCV ndi omwe:

• Jekeseni mankhwala osokoneza bongo mumsewu kapena kugawana singano ndi munthu amene ali ndi HCV
• Ndakhala pa dialysis ya impso yayitali
• Lumikizanani pafupipafupi ndi magazi kuntchito (monga wogwira ntchito yazaumoyo)
• Kugonana mosadziteteza ndi munthu amene ali ndi HCV
• Anabadwira kwa mayi yemwe anali ndi HCV
• Analandira tattoo kapena kutema mphini ndi singano zomwe sizinatetezedwe moyenera atagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa munthu wina (chiopsezo chimakhala chochepa kwambiri ndi akatswiri omwe ali ndi chiphaso chololeza kapena chololeza kapena chiphaso chakutema mphini)
• Adalandira chojambula kuchokera kwa wopereka yemwe ali ndi HCV
• Gawani zinthu zanu, monga mabotolo a mano ndi malezala, ndi munthu yemwe ali ndi HCV (yosazolowereka)
• Adalandira magazi (omwe sapezeka ku United States kuyambira pomwe kuyezetsa magazi kunayamba mu 1992)

Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HCV posachedwapa alibe zizindikiro. Anthu ena khungu lawo limakhala lachikasu (jaundice). Matenda opatsirana nthawi zambiri samayambitsa zisonyezo. Koma kutopa, kukhumudwa ndi mavuto ena zimatha kuchitika.

Anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka nthawi yayitali nthawi zambiri samakhala ndi zisonyezo mpaka chiwindi chawo chitachita zipsera (cirrhosis). Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi vutoli amadwala komanso amakhala ndi mavuto ambiri azaumoyo.

Zizindikiro zotsatirazi zitha kuchitika ndi matenda a HCV:

• Ululu pamimba yakumanja yakumanja
• Kutupa m'mimba chifukwa chamadzimadzi (ascites)
• Zojambula zofiira kapena zotumbululuka
• Mkodzo wakuda
• Kutopa
• Malungo
• Kuyabwa
• Jaundice
• Kutaya njala
• Nseru ndi kusanza

Kuyezetsa magazi kumachitika kuti aone ngati ali ndi HCV:

• Enzyme immunoassay (EIA) kuti ipeze anti-HCV
• Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) kuti azindikire kachilomboka komweko, kuyeza kuchuluka kwa ma virus (kuchuluka kwa ma virus), ndikuzindikira mtundu wa kachilombo ka hepatitis C

Akuluakulu onse azaka zapakati pa 18 ndi 79 akuyenera kuyesedwa kamodzi ku HCV. Kuyeza kumeneku kumafufuza ma antibodies olimbana ndi HCV (anti-HCV). Ngati mayeso a antibody ali ndi kachilombo, kuyezetsa kwa PCR kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsimikizira matenda a HCV.

Kuyesedwa kwamtundu wina kumachitika kuti muwone mtundu wa HCV (genotype). Pali mitundu isanu ndi umodzi ya kachilomboka (genotypes 1 mpaka 6). Zotsatira zoyesa zitha kuthandiza dokotala kusankha mankhwala omwe angakuthandizeni.

Mayesero otsatirawa amachitika kuti azindikire ndikuwunika kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi kuchokera ku HCV:

• Mulingo wa Albumin
• Kuyesa kwa chiwindi
• Nthawi ya Prothrombin
• Chiwindi

Muyenera kulankhula ndi omwe amakuthandizani zaumoyo za zomwe mungachite komanso momwe mankhwala akuyenera kuyamba.

• Cholinga cha mankhwala ndikuchotsa thupi lonse. Izi zitha kuteteza kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi komwe kungayambitse chiwindi kapena khansa ya chiwindi.
• Chithandizo ndichofunikira makamaka kwa anthu omwe akuwonetsa zizindikiro za chiwindi kapena mabala.

Mankhwala ochepetsa mphamvu ya kachilombo amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochizira HCV. Mankhwalawa amathandiza kulimbana ndi HCV. Mankhwala atsopano a ma virus:

• Perekani njira yabwino kwambiri yochiritsira
• Khalani ndi zovuta zochepa ndipo ndizosavuta kutenga
• Amamwa pakamwa kwa masabata 8 mpaka 24

Kusankha mankhwala omwe amadalira mtundu wa HCV womwe muli nawo.

Kuika chiwindi kungalimbikitsidwe kwa anthu omwe amayamba matenda a chiwindi ndi / kapena khansa ya chiwindi. Wothandizira anu akhoza kukuwuzani zambiri za kuika chiwindi.

Ngati muli ndi HCV:

• Musamamwe mankhwala owerengera omwe simunamwepo musanapemphe omwe akukupatsani. Komanso funsani za mavitamini ndi zina zowonjezera.
• Musamwe mowa kapena mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Mowa umatha kufulumizitsa kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi. Ikhozanso kuchepetsa momwe mankhwala amagwirira ntchito.
• Ngati kuyezetsa magazi kukuwonetsa kuti mulibe ma antibodies a hepatitis A ndi B, muyenera katemera wa hepatitis A ndi hepatitis B. Ngati simunalandire katemera wa matenda a chiwindi a A kapena B kapena simunakhale ndi mitundu iyi ya matenda a chiwindi, mungafunike katemera wa iwo.

Kuyanjana ndi gulu lothandizira kumathandizira kuchepetsa nkhawa zakukhala ndi HCV. Funsani omwe akukuthandizani za matenda a chiwindi komanso magulu othandizira m'dera lanu.

Anthu ambiri (75% mpaka 85%) omwe ali ndi kachilomboka amakhala ndi HCV yosatha. Vutoli limatha kuyika chiwindi, khansa ya chiwindi, kapena zonse ziwiri. Maganizo a HCV amatengera gawo lina pa genotype.

Kuyankha bwino kuchipatala kumachitika pamene kachilomboka sikangapezedwenso m'magazi milungu 12 kapena kupitilira apo atalandira chithandizo. Izi zimatchedwa "yokhazikika virologic reaction" (SVR). Mpaka 90% ya omwe amalandila mitundu ina yamtunduwu amakhala ndi mayankho amtunduwu.

Anthu ena samvera chithandizo choyambirira. Angafunikire kuthandizidwanso ndi mtundu wina wa mankhwala.

Komanso, anthu ena atha kutenga kachilomboka kapena matenda ena amtundu wina.

Itanani omwe akukuthandizani ngati:

• Mumakhala ndi zizindikiro za matenda a chiwindi
• Mukukhulupirira kuti mwapezeka ndi HCV

Njira zomwe zitha kuthandizidwa popewa kufalikira kwa HCV kuchokera kwa munthu wina ndi monga:

• Ogwira ntchito zaumoyo ayenera kutsatira zodzitetezera pakugwiritsa ntchito magazi.
• Osagawana singano ndi aliyense.
• Osatema mphini kapena kuboola thupi kapena kulandira matema kuchokera kwa munthu yemwe alibe chilolezo kapena layisensi.
• Osagawana zinthu zanu, monga malezala ndi misuwachi.
• Chitani zogonana motetezeka.

Ngati inu kapena mnzanu muli ndi kachilombo ka HCV ndipo mwakhala muubwenzi wolimba komanso wosakwatirana (palibe zibwenzi zina), chiopsezo chotenga kachilomboka, kapena kutenga kachilomboko, kwa mnzakeyo ndi kochepa.

HCV siyingafalitsidwe mwa kungolumikizana, monga kugwirana manja, kupsompsonana, kutsokomola kapena kuyetsemula, kuyamwitsa, kugawana ziwiya zodyera kapena magalasi akumwa.

Pakadali pano palibe katemera wa HCV.

Kulimbitsa virologic reaction - hepatitis C; SVR - matenda a chiwindi a C

• Dongosolo m'mimba
• Chiwindi C

Malo Othandizira Kuteteza ndi Kuteteza tsamba lawebusayiti. Mafunso ndi mayankho a hepatitis C pagulu. www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/hcv/cfaq.htm. Idasinthidwa pa Epulo 20, 2020. Idapezeka pa Marichi 30, 2020.

Ghany MG, Morgan TR; Gulu lowongolera la AASLD-IDSA Hepatitis C. Chitsogozo cha Hepatitis C Kusintha kwa 2019: Malangizo a AASLD-IDSA oyesa, kuwongolera, ndi kuchiza matenda a kachilombo ka hepatitis C. Matenda a chiwindi. Chizindikiro. 2020; 71 (2): 686-721. PMID: 31816111 pubed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31816111/.

Jacobson IM, Lim JK, Wokazinga MW. American Gastroenterological Association Institute kuchiritsa kochita-kukonzanso kwa akatswiri: chisamaliro cha odwala omwe apeza mayankho olimba a virologic atalandira mankhwala ochepetsa kachilombo ka hepatitis C. Gastroenterology. 2017; 152 (6): 1578-1587. PMID: 28344022 pubed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28344022/.

Naggie S, Mawonekedwe DL. Hepatitis C. Mu: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, olemba. Mandell, Douglas, ndi Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 154.