Zosakaniza ndi zakumwa zotsekemera - ana

Kusankhira ana anu zokhwasula-khwasula ndi zakumwa kungakhale kovuta. Pali zosankha zambiri. Zomwe zili zabwino kwa mwana wanu zimadalira matenda aliwonse omwe ali nawo.

Zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba ndizosankha zabwino zokhwasula-khwasula. Ali ndi mavitamini ambiri, alibe shuga kapena sodium yowonjezera. Mitundu ina yong'ambika ndi tchizi imapanganso zokometsera zabwino. Zosankha zina zopatsa thanzi ndizo:

• Maapulo (zouma popanda shuga wowonjezera kapena kudula mu wedges)
• Nthochi
• Njira yosakanikirana ndi zoumba ndi mtedza wosatulutsidwa
• Chipatso chodulidwa choviikidwa mu yogurt
• Masamba akuda ndi hummus
• Kaloti (kaloti wokhazikika amadulidwa kuti akhale osavuta kutafuna, kapena kaloti zazing'ono)
• Sakani nandolo (nyembazo zimadya)
• Mtedza (ngati mwana wanu sagwirizana ndi zina)
• Mbewu youma (ngati shuga sanatchulidwe chimodzi mwazinthu ziwiri zoyambirira)
• Ma Pretzels
• Chingwe chachitsulo

Ikani zokhwasula-khwasula m'makontena ang'onoang'ono kuti zisakhale zosavuta kunyamula mthumba kapena chikwama. Gwiritsani ntchito zotengera zing'onozing'ono kuti muteteze magawo akulu kwambiri.

Pewani kukhala ndi "zakudya zopanda pake" monga tchipisi, maswiti, keke, makeke, ndi ayisikilimu tsiku lililonse. Ndikosavuta kuti ana azikhala kutali ndi zakudya izi ngati mulibe m'nyumba mwanu ndipo ndizokomera m'malo mwazinthu za tsiku ndi tsiku.

Palibe vuto kulola mwana wanu kuti azidya zakudya zopatsa thanzi kamodzi kanthawi. Ana atha kuyesera kuzembera chakudya chopanda thanzi ngati saloledwa kukhala ndi zakudya izi. Chinsinsi chake ndi kusamala.

Zinthu zina zomwe mungachite ndi izi:

• Sinthanitsani mbale yanu ndi maswiti.
• Ngati muli ndi zakudya monga makeke, tchipisi, kapena ayisikilimu mnyumba mwanu, sungani pomwe sizimawoneka kapena kufikira. Sungani zakudya zopatsa thanzi kutsogolo kwa malo ogulitsira ndi firiji, pamlingo wamaso.
• Ngati banja lanu linyowa mukamaonera TV, ikani gawo la chakudyacho m'mbale kapena mbale aliyense. Ndikosavuta kudya mopyola mu phukusi.

Ngati simukudziwa ngati chotupitsa chili ndi thanzi, werengani chizindikiro cha Nutrition Facts.

• Yang'anirani kukula kwa gawo lomwe lalembedwapo. Ndiosavuta kudya zochuluka kuposa izi.
• Pewani zokhwasula-khwasula zomwe zimayika shuga monga chimodzi mwazinthu zoyambirira.
• Yesetsani kusankha zokhwasula-khwasula popanda shuga wowonjezera kapena wowonjezera sodium.

Limbikitsani ana kuti amwe madzi ambiri.

Pewani ma sodas, zakumwa zamasewera, ndi madzi amoto.

• Zakumwa zochepa ndi shuga wowonjezera. Izi zitha kukhala ndi zopatsa mphamvu zambiri ndipo zimatha kuwonjezera kunenepa kosafunikira.
• Ngati kuli kotheka, sankhani zakumwa ndi zotsekemera zopangidwa (zopangidwa ndi anthu).

Ngakhale timadziti ta 100% titha kubweretsa kunenepa kosafunikira. Mwana amene amamwa madzi a lalanje a 12-ounce (360 milliliters) tsiku lililonse, kuwonjezera pa zakudya zina, amatha kukhala ndi mapaundi okwanira okwana 15 (kilogalamu 7) pachaka kuphatikiza pakukula kunenepa kuchokera pakukula kwakukula. Yesani kuthira timadziti ndi zakumwa zonunkhira ndi madzi. Yambani powonjezera madzi pang'ono. Kenako pang'onopang'ono onjezani ndalamazo.

• Ana, azaka 1 mpaka 6, sayenera kumwa ma ounsi opitilira 4 mpaka 6 (mamililita 120 mpaka 180) a msuzi wazipatso 100% patsiku.
• Ana, azaka zapakati pa 7 mpaka 18, sayenera kumwa ma ola 8 mpaka 12 (240 mpaka 360 milliliters) a madzi azipatso patsiku.

Ana, azaka zapakati pa 2 mpaka 8, ayenera kumwa makapu awiri (480 milliliters) a mkaka patsiku. Ana okulirapo kuposa 8 ayenera kukhala ndi makapu atatu (720 milliliters) patsiku. Zitha kukhala zothandiza kuperekera mkaka ndi chakudya ndi madzi pakati pa chakudya ndi zokhwasula-khwasula.

• Kukula kwa chotukuka kuyenera kukhala kukula koyenera kwa mwana wanu. Mwachitsanzo, perekani theka la nthochi kwa mwana wazaka ziwiri ndi nthochi yonse kwa mwana wazaka 10.
• Sankhani zakudya zomwe zili ndi michere yambiri komanso mchere wambiri wowonjezera komanso shuga.
• Muziwapatsa ana zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba, ndi tizakudya tokha tokometsera m'malo mwa maswiti.
• Zakudya zomwe mwachilengedwe zimakhala zotsekemera (monga magawo apulo, nthochi, tsabola wa belu, kapena kaloti wamwana) ndizabwino kuposa zakudya ndi zakumwa zomwe zili ndi shuga wowonjezera.
• Chepetsani zakudya zokazinga monga batala la ku France, mphete za anyezi, ndi zakudya zina zokazinga.
• Lankhulani ndi katswiri wazakudya kapena wothandizira zaumoyo wabanja lanu ngati mungafune malingaliro pazakudya zabwino za banja lanu.

[Adasankhidwa] Marcdante KJ, Kliegman RM. Kunenepa kwambiri. Mu: Marcdante KJ, Kliegman RM, olemba. Nelson Zofunikira pa Matenda a Ana. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: mutu 29.

Mapaki EP, Shaikhkhalil A, Sainath NA, Mitchell JA, Brownell JN, Stallings VA. Kudyetsa ana athanzi, ana, komanso achinyamata. Mu: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, olemba. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. Wolemba 21. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 56.

Thompson M, Noel MB. Zakudya zopatsa thanzi komanso mankhwala am'banja. Mu: Rakel RE, Rakel DP, olemba. Buku Lophunzitsira La Banja. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 37.