Matenda a shuga ndi impso

Matenda a impso kapena kuwonongeka kwa impso nthawi zambiri amapezeka pakapita nthawi mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga. Matenda amtunduwu amatchedwa matenda ashuga nephropathy.

Impso iliyonse imapangidwa ndi timagulu tating'onoting'ono tambirimbiri tomwe timatchedwa nephrons. Izi zimasefa magazi anu, zimathandizira kuchotsa zinyalala mthupi, komanso zimawongolera kuchuluka kwa madzi.

Mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, ma nephrons amakula pang'onopang'ono ndikumaziralira pakapita nthawi. Ma nephroni amayamba kutayikira, ndipo mapuloteni (albumin) amapita mkodzo. Kuwonongeka kumeneku kumatha kuchitika zaka zambiri zisanachitike zizindikiro zilizonse za matenda a impso.

Kuwonongeka kwa impso kumakhala kotheka ngati:

• Mukhale ndi shuga wamagazi osalamulirika
• Ndi onenepa
• Khalani ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi
• Khalani ndi matenda ashuga amtundu woyamba omwe mudayamba musanakwanitse zaka 20
• Khalani ndi abale anu omwe alinso ndi matenda ashuga komanso impso
• Utsi
• Kodi ndi African American, Mexico American, kapena Native American

Nthawi zambiri, palibe zisonyezo chifukwa kuwonongeka kwa impso kumayamba ndipo pang'onopang'ono kumangokulira. Kuwonongeka kwa impso kumatha kuyamba zaka 5 mpaka 10 zizindikiro zisanayambe.

Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a impso oopsa kwambiri komanso otenga nthawi yayitali amatha kukhala ndi zizindikilo monga:

• Kutopa nthawi zambiri
• Kumva kudandaula
• Mutu
• Kugunda kwamtima kosasintha
• Nseru ndi kusanza
• Kulakalaka kudya
• Kutupa kwa miyendo
• Kupuma pang'ono
• Khungu loyabwa
• Khalani ndi matenda mosavuta

Wothandizira zaumoyo wanu adzaitanitsa mayeso kuti azindikire mavuto a impso.

Kuyezetsa mkodzo kumayang'ana puloteni, yotchedwa albin, ikudontha mkodzo.

• Albumin wambiri mumkodzo nthawi zambiri amakhala chizindikiro cha kuwonongeka kwa impso.
• Kuyesaku kumatchedwanso kuyesa kwa microalbuminuria chifukwa kumayeza pang'ono albinin.

Woperekayo ayang'ananso kuthamanga kwa magazi anu. Kuthamanga kwa magazi kumawononga impso zanu, ndipo kuthamanga kwa magazi kumakhala kovuta kuwongolera mukadwala impso.

Zolemba za impso zitha kulamulidwa kuti zitsimikizire kuti zapezeka kapena kuyang'ana zina zomwe zimayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa impso.

Ngati muli ndi matenda ashuga, omwe amakupatsani matendawa amayang'aniranso impso zanu pogwiritsa ntchito mayeso amwaziwa chaka chilichonse:

• Magazi urea asafe (BUN)
• Seramu wopanga
• Kuwerengedwa kuchuluka kwa kusefera kwama glomerular (GFR)

Kuwonongeka kwa impso kukagwidwa kumene, kumatha kuchepetsedwa ndi chithandizo. Mapuloteni okulirapo akawoneka mkodzo, kuwonongeka kwa impso kumawonjezeka pang'onopang'ono.

Tsatirani malangizo a omwe akukuthandizani kuti matenda anu asakule.

MUZILIMBITSA MAGAZI ANU KUPYUNZITSA

Kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi (pansi pa 140/90 mm Hg) ndi njira imodzi yochepetsera kuwonongeka kwa impso.

• Yemwe amakupatsirani mankhwala amakupatsani mankhwala a kuthamanga kwa magazi kuti ateteze impso zanu kuti zisawonongeke ngati mayeso anu a microalbumin ndi okwera kwambiri pamiyeso iwiri.
• Ngati kuthamanga kwa magazi kwanu kuli kofanana ndipo muli ndi microalbuminuria, mungapemphedwe kuti mumwe mankhwala osokoneza bongo, koma izi ndi zotsutsana.

MUZILAMULIRA MWAZI WAKO WA MWAZI

Muthanso kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa impso poyang'anira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi anu kudzera:

• Kudya zakudya zabwino
• Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse
• Kutenga mankhwala apakamwa kapena ojambulidwa monga momwe woperekayo walangizira
• Mankhwala ena a shuga amadziwika kuti amateteza kupitilira kwa matenda ashuga nephropathy kuposa mankhwala ena. Lankhulani ndi omwe amakupatsani zomwe mankhwala ndi abwino kwa inu.
  
• Kuyang'ana kuchuluka kwa shuga wamagazi nthawi zonse monga momwe mwalangizira ndikusunga manambala a shuga anu kuti mudziwe momwe chakudya ndi zochitika zimakhudzira mulingo wanu

NJIRA ZINTHU ZOTSATIRA MAFUMU ANU

• Utoto wosiyanasiyana womwe nthawi zina umagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi MRI, CT scan, kapena mayeso ena azithunzi amatha kuwononga impso zanu. Uzani wothandizira omwe akuyitanitsa mayeso kuti muli ndi matenda ashuga. Tsatirani malangizo okhudza kumwa madzi ambiri mukatha kutulutsa utoto m'dongosolo lanu.
• Pewani kumwa mankhwala opweteka a NSAID, monga ibuprofen kapena naproxen. Funsani omwe akukuthandizani ngati pali mtundu wina wa mankhwala omwe mungamwe m'malo mwake. Ma NSAID amatha kuwononga impso, makamaka mukamawagwiritsa ntchito tsiku lililonse.
• Wothandizira anu angafunike kuyimitsa kapena kusintha mankhwala ena omwe angawononge impso zanu.
• Dziwani zizindikilo za matenda amkodzo ndikuwathandizirani nthawi yomweyo.
• Kukhala ndi vitamini D wocheperako kumatha kukulitsa matenda a impso. Funsani dokotala ngati mukufuna kumwa mavitamini D owonjezera.

Zinthu zambiri zingakuthandizeni kumvetsetsa zambiri za matenda ashuga. Muthanso kuphunzira njira zothanirana ndi matenda anu a impso.

Matenda a impso ashuga ndiwo omwe amachititsa matenda komanso imfa mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga. Zitha kubweretsa kufunikira kwa dialysis kapena kumuika impso.

Itanani omwe akukuthandizani ngati muli ndi matenda ashuga ndipo simunayeseko mkodzo kuti muwone ngati muli ndi protein.

Matenda ashuga nephropathy; Nephropathy - matenda ashuga; Matenda ashuga glomerulosclerosis; Matenda a Kimmelstiel-Wilson

• Zoletsa za ACE
• Lembani 2 matenda ashuga - zomwe mungafunse dokotala wanu

• Njira yamikodzo yamwamuna
• Mankhusu ndi impso
• Matenda ashuga nephropathy

Bungwe la American Diabetes Association. 11. Mavuto a Microvascular ndi chisamaliro cha phazi: miyezo ya chithandizo chamankhwala a shuga-2020. Chisamaliro cha shuga. 2020; 43 (Suppl 1): S135-S151. PMID: 31862754 pubed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31862754/.

A Brownlee M, Aiello LP, Sun JK, et al. Zovuta za matenda ashuga. Mu: Melmed S, Auchus, RJ, Goldfine AB, Koenig RJ, Rosen CJ, olemba. Buku la Williams la Endocrinology. Wolemba 14th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 37.

Tong LL, Adler S, Wanner C. Kupewa ndi chithandizo cha matenda a impso ashuga. Mu: Feehally J, Floege J, Tonelli M, Johnson RJ, olemba. Chachikulu Chachipatala Nephrology. Lachisanu ndi chimodzi. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: mutu 31.