Kusowa kwa Factor X

Kuperewera kwa Factor X (khumi) ndimatenda omwe amabwera chifukwa chosowa kwa protein yotchedwa factor X m'magazi. Zimadzetsa mavuto ndi magazi oundana (coagulation).

Mukamatuluka magazi, zochitika zingapo zimachitika mthupi zomwe zimathandiza kuundana kwamagazi. Izi zimatchedwa coagulation cascade. Zimaphatikizapo mapuloteni apadera otchedwa coagulation, kapena clotting, factor. Mutha kukhala ndi mwayi wambiri wokhetsa magazi ngati chimodzi kapena zingapo mwazinthuzi zikusowa kapena sizikugwira ntchito momwe ziyenera kukhalira.

Factor X ndichimodzi mwazinthu zoterezi. Kuperewera kwa Factor X nthawi zambiri kumayambitsidwa ndi vuto lobadwa nalo m'gulu la X. Izi zimatchedwa kuchepa kwa chinthu X. Magazi amasiyana pakati pang'ono mpaka kufooka kutengera kukula kwa kusowa kwake.

Kuperewera kwa Factor X kumathanso chifukwa cha vuto lina kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena. Izi zimatchedwa kusowa kwa chinthu X. Kupezeka kwa vuto X ndikofala. Itha kuyambitsidwa ndi:

• Kusowa kwa vitamini K (ana ena obadwa kumene amabadwa ndi kuchepa kwa vitamini K)
• Mapuloteni owonjezera am'mimba ndi ziwalo (amyloidosis)
• Matenda owopsa a chiwindi
• Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe amateteza kuundana (maanticoagulants monga warfarin)

Azimayi omwe ali ndi vuto la X amatha kupezeka koyamba atakhala kuti ali ndi magazi ochulukirapo kusamba komanso kutaya magazi atabereka. Vutoli limatha kuzindikirika kwa anyamata obadwa kumene ngati ali ndi magazi omwe amatenga nthawi yayitali kuposa mdulidwe.

Zizindikiro zimatha kuphatikizira izi:

• Magazi m'magazi
• Magazi mu minofu
• Kulalata mosavuta
• Kutaya magazi kwambiri
• Kutuluka kwa ntchofu
• Kutulutsa magazi m'mphuno komwe sikumatha mosavuta
• Umbilical chingwe kutuluka magazi atabadwa

Mayeso omwe angachitike ndi awa:

• Factor X kuyesa
• Nthawi yapadera ya thromboplastin (PTT)
• Nthawi ya Prothrombin (PT)

Kutaya magazi kumatha kuyang'aniridwa ndikulowetsedwa m'mitsempha yamagazi (IV) m'madzi am'magazi kapena kuphatikiza kwa zinthu zotseka magazi. Ngati mulibe vitamini K, dokotala wanu adzakupatsani vitamini K kuti mutenge pakamwa, kudzera mu jakisoni pakhungu, kapena kudzera mumitsempha (kudzera m'mitsempha).

Ngati muli ndi vuto lotaya magazi, onetsetsani kuti:

• Uzani omwe amakupatsani chithandizo chamankhwala musanachite chilichonse, kuphatikiza opaleshoni ndi ntchito ya mano.
• Uzani achibale anu chifukwa atha kukhala ndi vuto lofananalo koma sakudziwa panobe.

Izi zitha kukupatsirani zambiri zakusowa kwa factor X:

• National Hemophilia Foundation: Zofooka Zina Zowonjezera - www.hemophilia.org/Bleeding-Disorders/Types-of-Beeding-Disorders/Other-Factor-Deficiencies
• National Organisation for Rare Disways --rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/factor-x-deficiency
• Buku Lofotokozera la NIH Genetics - ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/factor-x-deficiency

Zotsatira zake ndizabwino ngati vutoli ndi lochepa kapena mulandila chithandizo.

Kuperewera kwa chinthu X ndikofunikira kwa moyo wonse.

Chiyembekezo chakuchepa kwa chinthu X chimadalira pazomwe zimayambitsa. Ngati imayambitsidwa ndi matenda a chiwindi, zotsatira zake zimadalira momwe matenda anu a chiwindi angachiritsiridwe. Kutenga zowonjezera mavitamini K kumathandiza kuchepa kwa vitamini K. Ngati vutoli limayambitsidwa ndi amyloidosis, pali njira zingapo zamankhwala. Dokotala wanu akhoza kukuwuzani zambiri.

Kutaya magazi kwambiri kapena kutaya mwazi mwadzidzidzi (kukha magazi) kumatha kuchitika. Malumikizowo atha kukhala olumala chifukwa cha matenda akulu ochokera kutuluka magazi ambiri.

Pezani chithandizo chamankhwala mwadzidzidzi ngati mwataya magazi mosadziwika bwino.

Palibe njira yodziwika yopewera kuchepa kwa chinthu X. Ngati kusowa kwa vitamini K ndiye chifukwa, kugwiritsa ntchito vitamini K kumatha kuthandizira.

Kusowa kwa Stuart-Prower

• Mapangidwe a magazi
• Kuundana kwamagazi

Gailani D, Wheeler AP, Neff AT. Zofooka zambiri zomwe zimachitika nthawi zambiri. Mu: Hoffman R, Benz EJ, Silberstein LE, et al, olemba. Hematology: Mfundo Zoyambira ndi Zochita. Wachisanu ndi chiwiri. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: mutu 137.

Hall JE. Hemostasis ndi magazi coagulation. Mu: Hall JE, mkonzi. Guyton ndi Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology. Wolemba 13. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: chap 37.

Ragni MV. Matenda a hemorrhagic: coagulation factor deficience. Mu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, olemba. Mankhwala a Goldman-Cecil. Wolemba 25. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 174.