Matenda a khutu - osatha

Matenda am'makutu amadzimadzi ndimadzimadzi, kutupa, kapena matenda kumbuyo kwa khutu la khutu lomwe silimatha kapena limangobweranso. Zimayambitsa kuwonongeka kwanthawi yayitali kapena kotheratu khutu. Nthawi zambiri zimakhudza dzenje la khutu lomwe silichira.

Thupi la eustachian limayenda kuchokera pakati pakhutu lililonse kupita kumbuyo kwa mmero. Chubu ichi chimatsanulira madzimadzi opangidwa pakati khutu. Ngati chubu cha eustachi chatsekedwa, madzi amatha kuyamba. Izi zikachitika, matenda amatha. Matenda am'makutu amayamba pakakhala madzi kapena matenda kumbuyo kwa khutu samatha.

Matenda am'makutu amayamba chifukwa cha:

• Matenda a khutu omwe samatha
• Matenda obwereza khutu

"Suppurative chronic otitis" ndi mawu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofotokoza za eardrum yomwe imaphulika, kutulutsa, kapena kutupa pakatikati kapena m'dera la mastoid ndipo sichitha.

Matenda am'mutu amapezeka kwambiri mwa ana chifukwa ma machubu awo amafupikira, ocheperako, komanso osanjikiza kuposa achikulire. Matenda am'makutu amtundu wambiri samadziwika kwambiri kuposa matenda am'makutu oyipa.

Zizindikiro za matenda opatsirana khutu zimakhala zochepa kwambiri kuposa zizindikiro za matenda opatsirana. Vutoli limatha kudziwika komanso kusachiritsidwa kwanthawi yayitali.

Zizindikiro zimaphatikizapo:

• Kupweteka m'makutu kapena kusapeza bwino komwe kumakhala kofatsa ndipo kumamveka ngati khutu lakhutu
• Malungo, nthawi zambiri otsika
• Mkangano mwa makanda
• Mafinya ngati khutu kuchokera khutu
• Kutaya kwakumva

Zizindikiro zimatha kupitilirabe kapena kubwera ndikupita. Zitha kuchitika m'modzi kapena m'makutu onse.

Wothandizira zaumoyo wanu amayang'ana m'makutu pogwiritsa ntchito otoscope. Mayeso atha kuwulula:

• Kufiira, kufiira pakatikati
• Mpweya pakati pakhutu
• Madzi akuda pakati khutu
• Eardrum yomwe imamatira kumafupa apakatikati
• Kutulutsa madzi kuchokera m'makutu
• Bowo (pobowola) m'makutu
• Eardrum yomwe imatuluka kapena kubwereranso mkati (ikugwa)

Mayeso atha kuphatikiza:

• Zikhalidwe zamadzimadzi zomwe zitha kuwonetsa matenda a bakiteriya.
• Kujambula kwa CT pamutu kapena mastoid kumatha kuwonetsa kuti matendawa afalikira kupitirira khutu lapakati.
• Mayeso akumva angafunike.

Wothandizirayo atha kukupatsani maantibayotiki ngati matendawa amayamba chifukwa cha bakiteriya. Mankhwalawa angafunike kumwa nthawi yayitali. Amatha kuperekedwa pakamwa kapena mumtsempha (kudzera m'mitsempha).

Ngati pali bowo m'makutu, madontho a khutu la maantibayotiki amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Wothandizirayo angalimbikitse kugwiritsa ntchito yankho lochepa la acidic (monga viniga ndi madzi) kwa khutu lovuta kulandira kachilombo kamene kali ndi bowo (mafuta). Dokotala wa opaleshoni angafunikire kuyeretsa (zinyalala) zamatenda zomwe zasonkhana mkati khutu.

Ma opaleshoni ena omwe angafunike ndi awa:

• Opaleshoni yoyeretsa matendawa kuchokera m'mafupa a mastoid (mastoidectomy)
• Kuchita opaleshoni kuti mukonze kapena kuti musinthe mafupa ang'onoang'ono omwe ali pakatikati
• Kukonza kwa eardrum
• Kuchita opaleshoni yamakutu

Matenda am'mutu nthawi zambiri amalabadira chithandizo. Komabe, mwana wanu angafunike kupitiriza kumwa mankhwala kwa miyezi ingapo.

Matenda opatsirana m'makutu siowopsa. Komabe, samakhala omasuka ndipo atha kubweretsa kumva kwakumva ndi zovuta zina zazikulu.

Matenda opitilira khutu amatha kusintha khutu ndi mafupa oyandikira, kuphatikiza:

• Matenda a mafupa a mastoid kumbuyo kwa khutu (mastoiditis)
• Kutulutsa kopitilira muyeso mu khutu la khutu komwe sikumachira, kapena machubu amkhutu atalowetsedwa
• Mphuno pakati pakhutu (cholesteatoma)
• Kuuma kwa minofu pakatikati (tympanosclerosis)
• Kuwonongeka, kapena kuvala mafupa a khutu lapakati, lomwe limathandiza pakumva
• Kufa kwa nkhope
• Kutupa kozungulira ubongo (epidural abscess) kapena muubongo
• Kuwonongeka kwa gawo la khutu lomwe limathandiza ndi kusamala

Kumva kutayika pakuwonongeka kwa khutu lapakati kumatha kuchepa pakulankhula komanso kulankhula. Izi ndizotheka ngati makutu onsewa akhudzidwa.

Kumva kwamuyaya ndikosowa, koma chiwopsezo chimakulirakulira ndi kuchuluka ndi kutalika kwa matenda.

Itanani omwe akukuthandizani ngati:

• Inu kapena mwana wanu muli ndi zizindikilo zodwala khutu losatha
• Matenda a khutu samayankha chithandizo
• Zizindikiro zatsopano zimayamba mukamalandira chithandizo kapena mukalandira chithandizo

Kulandila chithandizo mwachangu pachimake pachimake kumachepetsa chiopsezo chokhala ndi matenda am'makutu. Khalani ndi kafukufuku wotsatira ndi omwe amakupatsani chithandizo pambuyo poti matenda am'makutu athandizidwa kuti muwone kuti akuchira.

Matenda apakatikati - osatha; Otitis media - osatha; Matenda otitis; Matenda a khutu osatha

• Kutulutsa khutu
• Matenda apakatikati (otitis media)
• Matenda apakatikati
• Chubu la Eustachian
• Kuyika chubu lakhutu - mndandanda

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Ironside JW, Smith C. Makina apakati ndi ozungulira amanjenje. Mu: Cross SS, yokonzedwa. Underwood's Pathology. Wachisanu ndi chiwiri. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chaputala 26. 21st ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 658.

Kerschner JE, Preciado D. Otitis atolankhani. Mu: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson, KM. okonza. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics.

Rosenfeld RM, Schwartz SR, Pynnonen MA, ndi al. Upangiri wazachipatala: Matayipi a Tympanostomy mwa ana. Otolaryngol Mutu Wam'mutu. 2013; 149 (1 Suppl): S1-S35. PMID: 23818543 adatulutsidwa.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23818543/.

Rosenfeld RM, Shin JJ, Schwartz SR, ndi al. Chitsogozo chazachipatala: otitis media with effusion (update). Otolaryngol Mutu Wam'mutu. 2016; 154 (1 Suppl): S1-S41. PMID: 26832942 pubed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26832942/.

Steele DW, Adam GP, Di M, Halladay CH, Balk EM, Trikalinos TA. Kuchita bwino kwa ma tympanostomy machubu a otitis media: kuwunika kwa meta. Matenda. 2017; 139 (6): e20170125. (Adasankhidwa) onetsani: 10.1542 / peds.2017-0125. PMID: 28562283 pubed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28562283/.