Mlembi: Virginia Floyd
Tsiku La Chilengedwe: 11 Ogasiti 2021
Sinthani Tsiku: 17 Novembala 2024
Anonim
Sinusitis, Animation.
Kanema: Sinusitis, Animation.

Sinusitis imakhalapo pomwe minofu yomwe imalumikiza sinus imachita kutupa kapena kutupa. Zimachitika chifukwa cha zotupa kapena matenda ochokera ku virus, mabakiteriya, kapena bowa.

Zinyumbazi ndizodzaza ndi mpweya mu chigaza. Amapezeka kuseri kwa mphumi, mafupa amphuno, masaya, ndi maso. Matenda athanzi alibe mabakiteriya kapena majeremusi ena. Nthawi zambiri, ntchofu imatha kutuluka ndipo mpweya umatha kutuluka mumisilamo.

Zitseko za sinus zikatsekedwa kapena ntchofu zikachuluka, mabakiteriya ndi majeremusi ena amatha kukula mosavuta.

Sinusitis imatha kuchitika kuchokera mwanjira izi:

  • Tsitsi laling'ono (cilia) m'machimo amalephera kutulutsa ntchofu. Izi zitha kukhala chifukwa cha zovuta zina zamankhwala.
  • Chimfine ndi chifuwa chingayambitse mamina ambiri kuti apangidwe kapena kulepheretsa kutseguka kwa sinus.
  • Mphuno yotumphuka ya nasal, nasal bone spur, kapena ma nasal polyps zitha kulepheretsa kutsegula kwa sinus.

Pali mitundu itatu ya sinusitis:


  • Sinusitis yovuta ndi pamene zizindikiro zimakhalapo kwa milungu inayi kapena kucheperapo. Zimayambitsidwa ndi mabakiteriya omwe amakula m'matumbawa.
  • Matenda a sinusitis ndipamene kutupa kwa ma sinus kumakhalapo kwa miyezi yopitilira itatu. Zitha kuyambitsidwa ndi mabakiteriya kapena bowa.
  • Subacute sinusitis ndipamene kutupa kulipo pakati pa mwezi umodzi kapena itatu.

Zotsatirazi zitha kuonjezera chiopsezo kuti munthu wamkulu kapena mwana adzadwala sinusitis:

  • Matenda a rhinitis kapena hay fever
  • Cystic fibrosis
  • Kupita kumalo osamalira ana
  • Matenda omwe amalepheretsa cilia kugwira ntchito moyenera
  • Zosintha kumtunda (kuwuluka kapena kusambira pamadzi)
  • Adenoids akulu
  • Kusuta
  • Kufooka kwa chitetezo cha mthupi kuchokera ku HIV kapena chemotherapy
  • Zoyipa zachilendo za sinus

Zizindikiro za pachimake sinusitis mwa akulu nthawi zambiri zimatsata chimfine chomwe sichikhala bwino kapena chomwe chimangoipira pambuyo pa masiku 7 mpaka 10. Zizindikiro zake ndi izi:

  • Mpweya woipa kapena kununkhiza
  • Chifuwa, nthawi zambiri usiku
  • Kutopa komanso kumva kuti ukudwala
  • Malungo
  • Mutu
  • Kupanikizika ngati kupweteka, kupweteka kumbuyo kwa maso, kupweteka kwa mano, kapena kufinya kwa nkhope
  • Kutsekeka kwammphuno ndi kutulutsa
  • Zilonda zapakhosi komanso zotumphukira pambuyo pake

Zizindikiro za matenda a sinusitis ndizofanana ndi za sinusitis yovuta. Komabe, zizindikirazo zimakhala zolimba ndipo zimatenga nthawi yayitali kuposa milungu 12.


Zizindikiro za sinusitis mwa ana ndi izi:

  • Kuzizira kapena matenda opuma omwe akhala akuchira kenako amayamba kukulira
  • Kutentha kwakukulu, komanso kutuluka kwamdima kwamdima, komwe kumatenga masiku atatu
  • Kutulutsa m'mphuno, komwe kulibe kapena kopanda chifuwa, komwe kwakhalapo masiku opitilira 10 ndipo sikukuyenda bwino

Wothandizira zaumoyo adzakufunsani inu kapena mwana wanu za sinusitis ndi:

  • Kuyang'ana m'mphuno ngati pali zizindikiro zama polyp
  • Kuwala kwa motsutsana ndi sinus (transillumination) pazizindikiro zotupa
  • Kuyika kudera la sinus kuti mupeze matenda

Wothandizirayo amatha kuwona sinus kudzera pa fiberoptic scope (yotchedwa nasal endoscopy kapena rhinoscopy) kuti mupeze sinusitis. Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika ndi madotolo omwe amakhala ndi vuto la khutu, mphuno, ndi mmero (ENTs).

Kuyesa kuyesa komwe kungagwiritsidwe ntchito posankha chithandizo ndi:

  • Kujambula kwa CT kwa ma sinus kuti athandizire kuzindikira sinusitis kapena kuwona mafupa ndi minyewa ya sinus kwambiri
  • MRI ya sinus ngati pakhoza kukhala chotupa kapena matenda a mafangasi

Nthawi zambiri, ma x-ray ofananirako a sinus samazindikira bwino sinusitis.


Ngati inu kapena mwana wanu muli ndi sinusitis yomwe siyimangobwerera kapena kupitilizabe kubwerera, mayesero ena atha kukhala:

  • Kuyesedwa kwa ziwengo
  • Kuyezetsa magazi kwa kachilombo ka HIV kapena mayeso ena osagwira bwino ntchito m'thupi
  • Ciliary ntchito mayeso
  • Chikhalidwe chammphuno
  • Cytology m'mphuno
  • Thukuta la chloride la cystic fibrosis

KUDZISANGALIRA

Yesani njira zotsatirazi kuti muchepetse kutayika m'machimo anu:

  • Pakani chovala chofunda ndi chonyowa kumaso kwanu kangapo patsiku.
  • Imwani madzi ambiri kuti muchepetse ntchentchezo.
  • Ikani nthunzi kawiri kapena kanayi patsiku (mwachitsanzo, mukakhala mchimbudzi ndi shawa ikuyenda).
  • Utsi ndi saline wamphongo kangapo patsiku.
  • Gwiritsani chopangira chinyezi.
  • Gwiritsani ntchito mphika wa Neti kapena saline wothira botolo kuti muzimitsa sinus.

Samalani ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo amphongo monga oxymetazoline (Afrin) kapena neosynephrine. Amatha kuthandiza poyamba, koma kuwagwiritsa ntchito kwa masiku opitilira 3 mpaka 5 kumatha kupangitsa kupindika kwammphuno kukulitsa ndikudalira.

Kuthandiza kuchepetsa kupweteka kwa sinus kapena kukakamizidwa:

  • Pewani kuwuluka mukadzazana.
  • Pewani kutentha mopitirira muyeso, kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa kutentha, ndi kugwada patsogolo mutaweramira mutu.
  • Yesani acetaminophen kapena ibuprofen.

MANKHWALA NDI CHithandizo CHINA

Nthawi zambiri, maantibayotiki safunika kwa sinusitis yovuta. Ambiri mwa matendawa amatha okha. Ngakhale maantibayotiki atathandiza, amatha kuchepetsa pang'ono nthawi yomwe amatenga matendawa. Maantibayotiki amatha kuperekedwa posachedwa kwa:

  • Ana omwe amatuluka mphuno, mwina ndi chifuwa, omwe sakupeza bwino pakadutsa milungu iwiri kapena itatu
  • Kutentha kwakukulu kuposa 102.2 ° F (39 ° C)
  • Mutu kapena kupweteka pamaso
  • Kutupa kwakukulu kuzungulira maso

Sinusitis yovuta imayenera kuthandizidwa kwa masiku 10 mpaka 14. Matenda a sinusitis ayenera kuchiritsidwa kwa milungu itatu kapena inayi.

Nthawi ina, omwe amakupatsani adzalingalira:

  • Mankhwala ena akuchipatala
  • Kuyesedwa kwina
  • Kutumizidwa kwa khutu, mphuno, mmero kapena katswiri wazowopsa

Mankhwala ena a sinusitis ndi awa:

  • Kuwombera ziweto (immunotherapy) zothandiza kupewa matendawa kuti asabwerere
  • Kupewa zoyambitsa ziwopsezo
  • Mphuno ya nasal corticosteroid ndi antihistamines kuti ichepetse kutupa, makamaka ngati pali ziwalo za m'mphuno kapena ziwengo
  • Oral corticosteroids

Kuchita opaleshoni kuti mukulitse kutseguka kwa sinus ndikutsitsa sinus kungafunikirenso. Mutha kulingalira za njirayi ngati:

  • Zizindikiro zanu sizimatha pakatha miyezi itatu yothandizidwa.
  • Muli ndi magawo opitilira awiri kapena atatu a sinusitis pachimake chaka chilichonse.

Matenda ambiri a fungus amafunikira opaleshoni. Kuchita maopareshoni okonza septum yosokonekera kapena ma polyps amumphuno kumalepheretsa kuti vutoli libwerere.

Matenda ambiri a sinus amatha kuchiritsidwa ndi njira zodzisamalira komanso chithandizo chamankhwala. Ngati mukumenyedwa mobwerezabwereza, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa zomwe zimayambitsa matenda amphongo kapena mavuto ena, monga chifuwa.

Ngakhale ndizosowa kwambiri, zovuta zimatha kuphatikiza:

  • Chilonda
  • Matenda a mafupa (osteomyelitis)
  • Meningitis
  • Matenda a khungu kuzungulira diso (orbital cellulitis)

Itanani omwe akukuthandizani ngati:

  • Zizindikiro zanu zimatha masiku opitilira 10 mpaka 14 kapena mumakhala ndi chimfine chomwe chimayamba kukulira pambuyo masiku asanu ndi awiri.
  • Muli ndi mutu wopweteka womwe sungatonthozedwe ndi mankhwala owawa owonjezera.
  • Muli ndi malungo.
  • Mudakali ndi zizindikilo mutatha kumwa maantibayotiki anu onse moyenera.
  • Muli ndi kusintha kwamasomphenya anu panthawi yamatenda a sinus.

Kutulutsa wobiriwira kapena wachikasu sikutanthauza kuti mulidi ndi matenda a sinus kapena mukufuna maantibayotiki.

Njira yabwino yopewera sinusitis ndiyo kupewa chimfine kapena chimfine kapena kuthana ndi mavuto mwachangu.

  • Idyani zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zambiri, zomwe zili ndi ma antioxidants komanso mankhwala ena omwe angalimbikitse chitetezo chanu chamthupi ndikuthandizira thupi lanu kupewa matenda.
  • Sungani chifuwa chanu ngati muli nacho.
  • Pezani katemera wa chimfine chaka chilichonse.
  • Kuchepetsa nkhawa.
  • Sambani m'manja nthawi zambiri, makamaka mutagwirana chanza ndi ena.

Malangizo ena othandiza kupewa sinusitis:

  • Pewani utsi ndi zoipitsa.
  • Imwani madzi ambiri kuti muwonjezere chinyezi mthupi lanu.
  • Tengani mankhwala opatsirana pogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala opatsirana pogonana.
  • Chitani ziwengo mwachangu komanso moyenera.
  • Gwiritsani ntchito chopangira chinyezi kuti muwonjezere chinyezi m'mphuno ndi m'mphuno.

Sinusitis; Matenda a sinus; Sinusitis - pachimake; Sinusitis - matenda; Rhinosinusitis

  • Zojambula
  • Sinusitis
  • Matenda a sinusitis

DeMuri GP, Wald ER. Sinusitis. Mu: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, olemba., Eds. Mandell, Douglas, ndi Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 62.

Zowonjezera Yandikirani kwa wodwalayo ndi mphuno, sinus, ndi zovuta zamakutu. Mu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, olemba. Mankhwala a Goldman-Cecil. 26 wa. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: mutu 398.

Pappas DE, Hendley JO. Sinusitis. Mu: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, olemba. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. Wolemba 21. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 408.

Rosenfeld RM, Piccirillo JF, Chandrasekhar SS, ndi al. Chitsogozo chazachipatala (zosintha): sinusitis wamkulu. Otolaryngol Mutu Wam'mutu. 2015; 152 (2 Suppl): S1-S39. PMID: 25832968 pubed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25832968/. (Adasankhidwa)

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