Zoyeserera za COPD

Matenda osokonezeka m'mapapo mwanga amatha kukulira modzidzimutsa. Mwina zimakuvutani kupuma. Mutha kutsokomola kapena kufufuma kwambiri kapena kupanga phlegm yambiri. Muthanso kukhala ndi nkhawa ndikumavutika kugona kapena kuchita zochitika zanu za tsiku ndi tsiku. Vutoli limatchedwa kukulitsa kwa matenda a m'mapapo (COPD), kapena kukokomeza kwa COPD.

Matenda ena, chimfine, ndi matenda am'mapapo ochokera kuma virus kapena mabakiteriya amatha kuyambitsa ziwopsezo. Zina mwazinthu zitha kuphatikiza:

• Kukhala pafupi ndi utsi kapena zoipitsa zina
• Nyengo isintha
• Kuchita ntchito zambiri
• Kuthamangitsidwa
• Kumva kupanikizika kapena kuda nkhawa

Nthawi zambiri mumatha kusamalira nthawi yomweyo mankhwala ndi kudzisamalira. Gwirani ntchito ndi omwe amakuthandizani paumoyo wanu pakapangidwe kazowonjezera za COPD kuti mudziwe zoyenera kuchita.

Dziwani zizindikiro zanu za COPD, magonedwe, komanso mukakhala ndi masiku abwino kapena oyipa. Izi zitha kukuthandizani kuti muphunzire kusiyana pakati pazizindikiro za COPD ndi zizindikiritso.

Zizindikiro zakuchepa kwa COPD masiku awiri apita kapena kupitilira apo ndizolimba kuposa zomwe mumakonda. Zizindikiro zake zimakulirakulira ndipo sizimangopita. Ngati mukukula kwambiri, mungafunike kupita kuchipatala.

Zizindikiro zoyambirira zimaphatikizapo:

• Vuto lakutenga mpweya wanu
• Phokoso, kupuma mopumira kumveka
• Kutsokomola, nthawi zina kumakhala ntchofu zambiri kuposa masiku onse kapena kusintha kwa ntchofu yanu

Zizindikiro zina zomwe zingachitike ndi izi:

• Kulephera kupuma mwakuya
• Kuvuta kugona
• Mutu wam'mawa
• Kupweteka m'mimba
• Nkhawa
• Kutupa kwa akakolo kapena miyendo
• Wofiirira kapena wotumbululuka khungu
• Milomo yabuluu kapena yofiirira kapena nsonga zamisomali
• Kuvuta kulankhula m'ma sentensi onse

Pachizindikiro choyamba cha kutuluka:

• Osachita mantha mopitirira. Mutha kuti zizindikiritso zikuwonjezeka.
• Tengani mankhwala monga mwalamulo laukali. Izi zitha kuphatikizira othandizira kupumula mwachangu, ma steroids kapena maantibayotiki omwe mumamwa pakamwa, mankhwala oletsa nkhawa, kapena mankhwala kudzera mu nebulizer.
• Tengani maantibayotiki molamulidwa ngati omwe amakupatsani akukuuzani.
• Gwiritsani ntchito mpweya ngati mwauzidwa.
• Gwiritsani ntchito kupuma kwamilomo kuti musunge mphamvu, kuchepetsa kupuma kwanu, ndikuthandizani kupumula.
• Ngati zizindikiro zanu sizikhala bwino mkati mwa maola 48, kapena matenda anu akukulirakulira, itanani omwe akukuthandizani kapena pitani kuchipatala.

Ngati muli ndi COPD:

• Lekani kusuta fodya ndipo pewani utsi wa fodya. Kupewa utsi ndiye njira yabwino yochepetsera kuwonongeka kwa mapapu anu. Funsani omwe akukuthandizani zamapulogalamu osuta fodya ndi zina zomwe mungachite, monga mankhwala osinthira nikotini.
• Tengani mankhwala anu monga mwauzidwa.
• Funsani omwe amakupatsirani za kukonzanso kwamapapu. Pulogalamuyi imaphatikizaponso zolimbitsa thupi, kupuma, komanso malangizo azakudya.
• Onani omwe amakupatsani kangapo pachaka kawiri kapena kawiri pachaka kuti mukayang'anitsidwe, kapena nthawi zambiri mukauzidwa.
• Gwiritsani ntchito mpweya ngati wothandizira wanu akuvomereza.

Pewani chimfine ndi chimfine, muyenera:

• Khalani kutali ndi anthu omwe ali ndi chimfine.
• Sambani m'manja nthawi zambiri. Tengani choyeretsera m'manja nthawi yomwe simukusamba m'manja.
• Pezani katemera wanu, kuphatikizapo chimfine chaka chilichonse.
• Pewani mpweya wozizira kwambiri.
• Muzichotsa zoipitsa mpweya, monga utsi wapanyumba ndi fumbi, m'nyumba mwanu.

Khalani ndi moyo wathanzi:

• Khalani achangu momwe mungathere. Yesani kuyenda kochepa komanso kuphunzira pang'ono. Lankhulani ndi omwe akukuthandizani za njira zolimbitsira thupi.
• Pumulani pafupipafupi tsiku lonse. Pumulani pakati pa zochitika za tsiku ndi tsiku kuti musunge mphamvu yanu ndikupatseni mapapo anu nthawi kuti achire.
• Idyani chakudya chopatsa thanzi chokhala ndi mapuloteni owonda, nsomba, zipatso, ndi ndiwo zamasamba. Idyani zakudya zazing'ono zingapo patsiku.
• MUSAMWE zakumwa ndi chakudya. Izi zidzakupangitsani kuti musamve okhuta kwambiri. Koma, onetsetsani kuti mumamwa zakumwa nthawi zina kuti musataye madzi m'thupi.

Mukatsatira dongosolo lanu la COPD, itanani omwe akukuthandizani ngati kupuma kwanu kudali:

• Kulimbikira
• Mofulumira kuposa kale
• Wosaya ndipo sungathe kupuma movutikira

Komanso itanani omwe akukuthandizani ngati:

• Muyenera kudalira patsogolo mukakhala kuti mupume mosavuta
• Mukugwiritsa ntchito minofu kuzungulira nthiti zanu kukuthandizani kupuma
• Mukumva mutu pafupipafupi
• Mumamva kugona kapena kusokonezeka
• Muli ndi malungo
• Mukutsokomola mamina akuda
• Milomo yanu, zala zanu zazing'ono, kapena khungu lozungulira zikhadabo zanu ndi labuluu
• Mukumva kupweteka pachifuwa kapena kusapeza bwino
• Simungathe kulankhula ziganizo zonse

Kuwonjezeka kwa COPD; Matenda osokoneza bongo; Kuwonjezeka kwa Emphysema; Kukula kwakanthawi kwaminyezi

Criner GJ, Bourbeau J, Diekemper RL, ndi al. Kupewa kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa COPD: American College of Chest Physicians and Canadian Thoracic Society malangizo. Pachifuwa. 2015; 147 (4): 894-942. PMID: 25321320 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25321320. (Adasankhidwa)

Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) webusayiti. Njira yapadziko lonse lapansi yodziwira, kuwongolera, komanso kupewa COPD: lipoti la 2019. goldcopd.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/GOLD-2019-v1.7-FINAL-14Nov2018-WMS.pdf. Idapezeka pa Okutobala 22, 2019.

Han MK, Lazaro SC. COPD: matenda azachipatala ndikuwongolera. Mu: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, olemba. Murray ndi Nadel's Bookbook of Respiratory Medicine. Lachisanu ndi chimodzi. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 44.

• COPD