Mapampu a insulini

Pampu ya insulini ndi kachipangizo kakang'ono kamene kamatulutsa insulini kudzera chubu yaying'ono yapulasitiki (catheter). Chipangizocho chimapopa insulini mosalekeza usana ndi usiku. Itha kuperekanso insulini mwachangu kwambiri (bolus) musanadye. Mapampu a insulini amatha kuthandiza anthu ena omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga kuti azitha kuwongolera magazi m'magazi.

Mapampu ambiri a insulini amakhala ngati foni yaying'ono, koma mitundu yake imakhala yocheperako. Amavala kwambiri thupi pogwiritsa ntchito bandi, lamba, thumba, kapena kopanira. Zitsanzo zina tsopano zilibe zingwe.

Mapampu achikhalidwe Phatikizani malo osungira insulin (cartridge) ndi catheter. Catheter imayikidwa ndi singano ya pulasitiki pansi pa khungu m'mafuta. Izi zimachitika ndi bandeji yomata. Tubing imagwirizanitsa catheter ndi pampu yomwe ili ndi chiwonetsero cha digito. Izi zimalola wogwiritsa ntchito pulogalamuyo kuti apereke insulini pakufunika.

Mapampu a chigamba amavala molunjika pathupi lokhala ndi mosungira ndi machubu mkati mwa kabokosi kakang'ono. Mapulogalamu osiyana opanda zingwe omwe amatulutsa insulini kuchokera pampu.

Mapampu amabwera ndi zinthu monga kumatira kumadzi, zowonekera pazenera, komanso zidziwitso za nthawi ya kuchuluka kwa mankhwala ndi insulin. Mapampu ena amatha kulumikizana kapena kulumikizana ndi sensa kuti ayang'anire kuchuluka kwa magazi m'magazi (kuwunika kwa glucose mosalekeza). Izi zimakuthandizani (kapena nthawi zina pampu) kuyimitsa kutumiza kwa insulini ngati magazi m'magazi akuchepa kwambiri. Lankhulani ndi wothandizira zaumoyo wanu za pampu yoyenera kwa inu.

MMENE MAPULUMUTSIDWE AMAGWIRITSA NTCHITO

Pampu ya insulin imapereka insulin mosalekeza kuthupi. Kawirikawiri chipangizocho chimagwiritsa ntchito insulin mwachangu. Ikhoza kukhazikitsidwa kuti izitulutse magawo osiyanasiyana a insulin kutengera kuchuluka kwa shuga wamagazi. Mlingo wa insulini ndi wamitundu itatu:

• Mlingo woyambira: Insulini yochepa yomwe imaperekedwa usana ndi usiku wonse. Ndi mapampu mutha kusintha kuchuluka kwa insulin yoyambira yomwe imaperekedwa munthawi zosiyanasiyana za tsiku. Uwu ndiye mwayi waukulu pamapampu kuposa insulin yolowetsedwa chifukwa mutha kusintha kuchuluka kwa insulini yomwe mumapeza munthawi zosiyanasiyana za tsiku.
• Mlingo wa Bolus: Mulingo wambiri wa insulini pakudya mukamawuka shuga wamagazi chifukwa cha chakudya m'thupi. Mapampu ambiri ali ndi 'bolus wizard' yothandizira kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa bolus kutengera mulingo wa shuga wamagazi ndi chakudya (magalamu a carbohydrate) omwe mukudya. Mutha kukonza pulogalamu kuti ipereke milingo ya bolus m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Izi ndizopindulitsanso kuposa insulin ya anthu ena.
• Kuwongolera kapena kuchuluka kowonjezera pakufunika.

Mutha kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa mlingo malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi anu munthawi zosiyanasiyana za tsikulo.

Ubwino wogwiritsa ntchito mpope wa insulin ndi monga:

• Osayenera kubaya insulin
• Zosavuta kuposa kubaya insulin ndi sirinji
• Kutumiza kwa insulin molondola kwambiri (kumatha kubweretsa tizigawo ting'onoting'ono ta mayunitsi)
• Itha kuthandizira kuwongolera kuwongolera kwa magazi m'magazi
• Kusintha kwakukulu kochepa m'magazi a magazi
• Zitha kubweretsa kusintha kwa A1C
• Magawo ochepa a hypoglycemia
• Kusinthasintha kowonjezera ndi zakudya zanu komanso masewera olimbitsa thupi
• Zimathandizira kuthana ndi zochitika za 'm'bandakucha' (kumayambiriro kwa m'mawa kukwera kwa magazi m'magazi)

Zoyipa zogwiritsa ntchito mapampu a insulini ndi awa:

• Kuchulukitsa chiwopsezo cha kunenepa
• Kuchulukitsa chiwopsezo cha matenda a shuga ketoacidosis ngati pampu sikugwira ntchito moyenera
• Kuopsa kwa matenda akhungu kapena kukwiya pamalo omwe mukugwiritsa ntchito
• Muyenera kulumikizidwa ndi pampu nthawi zambiri (mwachitsanzo, kunyanja kapena kumalo ochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi)
• Muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito pampu, m'malo mwa mabatire, ikani mlingo, ndi zina zotero
• Kuvala pampu kumawonekera kwa ena kuti muli ndi matenda ashuga
• Zitha kutenga kanthawi kuti muyambe kugwiritsa ntchito mpope ndikuyiyika bwino
• Muyenera kuyesa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kangapo patsiku ndikuwerengera chakudya
• Mtengo

MMENE MUNGAGWIRITSIRE NTCHITO PumpU

Gulu lanu la matenda ashuga (komanso wopanga mpope) likuthandizani kuphunzira zonse zomwe mukufuna kudziwa kuti mugwiritse bwino ntchito mpope. Muyenera kudziwa momwe mungachitire:

• Onetsetsani kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi anu (ndizosavuta kwambiri ngati mukugwiritsanso ntchito kuwunika kwa glucose)
• Werengani chakudya
• Ikani mlingo woyambira wa basal ndi bolus ndikukonzekera mpope
• Dziwani kuchuluka kwamankhwala tsiku lililonse kutengera kuchuluka ndi mtundu wa zakudya zomwe zadyedwa komanso zochitika zolimbitsa thupi
• Dziwani momwe mungawerengere masiku odwala mukamapanga pulogalamuyo
• Lumikizani, tulukani, ndi kulumikizanso chipangizocho, monga nthawi yamvula kapena ntchito yayikulu
• Sinthani kuchuluka kwama shuga m'magazi
• Dziwani momwe mungayang'anire ndikupewa matenda ashuga ketoacidosis
• Dziwani momwe mungathanirane ndi mavuto ampope ndikuwona zolakwika wamba

Gulu lanu lazachipatala lidzakuphunzitsani kuti muwone kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi anu kuti musinthe mayeza.

Mapampu a insulini akupitilizabe kukonzedwa ndipo asintha kwambiri kuyambira pomwe adayambitsidwa.

• Mapampu ambiri tsopano amalumikizana ndi owunika mosalekeza a glucose (CGMs).
• Zina zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe a 'auto' omwe amasintha mulingo woyambira kutengera ngati shuga lanu lamagazi likuwonjezeka kapena likuchepa. (Izi nthawi zina zimatchedwa 'dongosolo lotsekedwa').

MALANGIZO OGWIRITSA NTCHITO

Popita nthawi, mudzakhala omasuka kugwiritsa ntchito mpope wa insulini. Malangizo awa atha kuthandiza:

• Tengani insulini yanu nthawi yoikika kuti musaiwale kuchuluka kwake.
• Onetsetsani kuti mukutsata ndikulemba magawo anu ashuga yamagazi, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kuchuluka kwamahydrohydrate, kuchuluka kwamahydrohydrate, ndikuwongolera ndikuwunika tsiku ndi tsiku kapena sabata iliyonse. Kuchita izi kudzakuthandizani kuwongolera kuwongolera kwa magazi m'magazi.
• Lankhulani ndi omwe amakupatsirani njira zopewera kunenepa mukayamba kugwiritsa ntchito pampu.
• Ngati mukuyenda, onetsetsani kuti mwanyamula zowonjezera.

Muyenera kuyimbira omwe akukuthandizani ngati:

• Nthawi zambiri mumakhala ndi shuga wambiri wamagazi
• Muyenera kulawa pakati pa chakudya kuti mupewe kuchuluka kwa magazi m'magazi
• Muli ndi malungo, nseru, kapena kusanza
• Kuvulala
• Muyenera kuchitidwa opaleshoni
• Muli ndi phindu losaneneka
• Mukukonzekera kukhala ndi mwana kapena kutenga pakati
• Mumayamba chithandizo chamankhwala pamavuto ena
• Mumasiya kugwiritsa ntchito mpope wanu kwakanthawi

Kupitilira kwa subcutaneous insulin kulowetsedwa; CSII; Matenda a shuga - mapampu a insulini

• Pampu ya insulini
• Pampu ya insulini

Bungwe la American Diabetes Association. 9. Pharmacologic imayandikira chithandizo cha glycemic: Miyezo Yachipatala mu Matenda A shuga-2020. Chisamaliro cha shuga. 2020; 43 (Suppl 1): S98-S110. PMID: 31862752 pubed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31862752/.

Aronson JK. Insulini. Mu: Aronson JK, mkonzi. Zotsatira zoyipa za Meyler za Mankhwala Osokoneza bongo. Wolemba 16. Waltham, MA: Zotsalira; 2016: 111-144.

Atkinson MA, Mcgill DE, Dassau E, Laffel L. Type 1 matenda a shuga. Mu: Melmed S, Auchus RJ, Goldfine AB, Koenig RJ, Rosen CJ, olemba. Buku la Williams la Endocrinology. Wolemba 14th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 36.

National Institute of Diabetes ndi tsamba la Digestive and Impso Diseases. Insulini, mankhwala, ndi mankhwala ena ashuga. www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/diabetes/overview/insulin-medicines-zithandizo. Idasinthidwa mu Disembala 2016. Idapezeka Novembala 13, 2020.

• Mankhwala a shuga