Otosclerosis

Otosclerosis ndikukula kwapafupa pakati pamakutu komwe kumapangitsa kumva kwakumva.

Zomwe zimayambitsa otosclerosis sizikudziwika. Itha kupitsidwira kudzera m'mabanja.

Anthu omwe ali ndi otosclerosis amakhala ndi mafupa owoneka ngati siponji omwe amakula pakatikati. Kukula kumeneku kumathandiza kuti mafupa a khutu asagwedezeke chifukwa cha mafunde. Izi zimafunikira kuti mumve.

Otosclerosis ndiye chifukwa chodziwika kwambiri chakumva khutu lakumva pakati pa achinyamata. Amayamba koyambirira mpaka pakati pauchikulire. Amakonda kwambiri akazi kuposa amuna. Vutoli likhoza kukhudza khutu limodzi kapena onse awiri.

Zowopsa za vutoli zimaphatikizapo kutenga pakati komanso mbiri yabanja yakumva. Azungu amatha kukhala ndi vutoli kuposa anthu amitundu ina.

Zizindikiro zake ndi izi:

• Kutaya kwakumva (kumachedwetsa poyamba, koma kumawonjezeka pakapita nthawi)
• Kulira m'makutu (tinnitus)
• Vertigo kapena chizungulire

Kuyesedwa kwakumva (audiometry / audiology) kumatha kuthandizira kudziwa kukula kwa kutaya kwakumva.

Chiyeso chapadera chazithunzi chamutu chotchedwa temporal-bone CT chitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kufunafuna zina zomwe zimapangitsa kuti asamve.

Otosclerosis imatha kukulira pang'onopang'ono. Vutoli silingafunikire kuthandizidwa mpaka mutakhala ndi vuto lalikulu lakumva.

Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena monga fluoride, calcium, kapena vitamini D kungathandize kuchepetsa kumva kwakumva. Komabe, maubwino amankhwalawa sanatsimikizidwebe.

Chithandizo chakumva chitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza kutayika kwakumva. Izi sizingachiritse kapena kupewa kutaya kwakumva kuti ziwonjezeke, koma zitha kuthandiza ndi zizindikilo.

Opaleshoni imatha kuchiritsa kapena kukonza kutaya kwamva. Zonsezi kapena gawo limodzi la mafupa ang'onoang'ono apakati pakhutu kuseri kwa eardrum (stapes) amachotsedwa ndikusinthidwa ndikuyika patsogolo.

• Kusintha kwathunthu kumatchedwa stapedectomy.
• Nthawi zina gawo lokhalo la misomali limachotsedwa ndikupanga kabowo kochepa pansi pake. Izi zimatchedwa stapedotomy. Nthawi zina laser imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthandiza pa opaleshoniyi.

Otosclerosis imakula kwambiri popanda chithandizo. Kuchita maopareshoni kumatha kubwezeretsanso zina kapena makutu anu akumva. Ululu ndi chizungulire kuchokera ku opaleshoniyi zimatha patatha milungu ingapo kwa anthu ambiri.

Kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha zovuta pambuyo pa opaleshoni:

• Osapumira mphuno zanu kwa milungu iwiri kapena itatu mutachitidwa opaleshoni.
• Pewani anthu omwe ali ndi matenda opuma kapena matenda ena.
• Pewani kugwada, kunyamula, kapena kupanikizika, zomwe zingayambitse chizungulire.
• Pewani phokoso lalikulu kapena kusintha kwadzidzidzi, monga kusambira pansi pamadzi, kuwuluka, kapena kuyendetsa galimoto m'mapiri mpaka mutachira.

Ngati opaleshoni sigwira ntchito, mutha kukhala ndi vuto lakumva kwathunthu. Chithandizo cha kutaya kwathunthu kwakumva chimaphatikizira kukulitsa maluso olimbana ndi kusamva, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito zothandizira kumva kutulutsa mawu kuchokera khutu losamva mpaka khutu labwino.

Zovuta zingaphatikizepo:

• Kusamva kwathunthu
• Kukoma koseketsa mkamwa kapena kutaya kukoma mbali ina ya lilime, kwakanthawi kapena kwamuyaya
• Matenda, chizungulire, kupweteka, kapena magazi m'makutu mutatha opaleshoni
• Kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha

Imbani wothandizira zaumoyo wanu ngati:

• Mukumva khutu
• Mumakhala ndi malungo, kupweteka khutu, chizungulire, kapena zizindikilo zina mutatha opaleshoni

Otospongiosis; Kutaya kwakumva - otosclerosis

• Kutulutsa khutu

Nyumba JW, Cunningham CD. Otosclerosis. Mu: Flint PW, Francis HW, Haughey BH, et al, olemba. Cummings Otolaryngology: Opaleshoni ya Mutu ndi Khosi. Wachisanu ndi chiwiri. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: mutu 146.

Ironside JW, Smith C. Makina apakati ndi ozungulira amanjenje. Mu: Cross SS, yokonzedwa. Underwood Matenda. Wachisanu ndi chiwiri. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chaputala 26.

O'Handley JG, Tobin EJ, Shah AR. Otorhinolaryngology. Mu: Rakel RE, Rakel DP, olemba. Buku Lophunzitsira La Banja. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: mutu 18.

Mtsinje A, Yoshikawa N. Otosclerosis. Mu: Myers EN, Snyderman CH, olemba. Opaleshoni ya Otolaryngology Mutu ndi Khosi Opaleshoni. Wachitatu ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: mutu 133.