Khansa ya chithokomiro

Khansa ya chithokomiro ndi khansa yomwe imayamba mu chithokomiro. Chithokomiro chili mkati kutsogolo kwa khosi lanu lakumunsi.

Khansa ya chithokomiro imatha kupezeka mwa anthu amisinkhu iliyonse.

Kutentha kumawonjezera chiopsezo chokhala ndi khansa ya chithokomiro. Chiwonetsero chitha kuchitika kuchokera:

• Thandizo la radiation khosi (makamaka muubwana)
• Kutulutsa kwa radiation kuchokera ku masoka achilengedwe a nyukiliya

Zina mwaziwopsezo ndi mbiri ya banja la khansa ya chithokomiro komanso matenda a khosi (chithokomiro chokulitsa).

Pali mitundu ingapo ya khansa ya chithokomiro:

• Anaplastic carcinoma (yomwe imadziwikanso kuti khansa yayikulu ndi yopota) ndiyo khansa yoopsa kwambiri ya chithokomiro. Ndi kawirikawiri, ndipo imafalikira mofulumira.
• Chotupa chotsatira chimatha kubwerera ndikufalikira.
• Medullary carcinoma ndi khansa yama cell osatulutsa chithokomiro omwe amakhala mumtambo wa chithokomiro. Mtundu uwu wa khansa ya chithokomiro umakonda kupezeka m'mabanja.
• Papillary carcinoma ndi mtundu wofala kwambiri, ndipo nthawi zambiri umakhudza azimayi azaka zobereka. Imafalikira pang'onopang'ono ndipo ndiye khansa yoopsa kwambiri ya chithokomiro.

Zizindikiro zimasiyanasiyana kutengera mtundu wa khansa ya chithokomiro, koma zimatha kuphatikiza:

• Tsokomola
• Zovuta kumeza
• Kukulitsa kwa chithokomiro
• Kuwopsya kapena kusintha mawu
• Kutupa khosi
• Chotupa cha chithokomiro (nodule)

Wothandizira zaumoyo wanu adzakuyesani. Izi zitha kuwulula chotupa cha chithokomiro, kapena ma lymph node otupa m'khosi.

Mayesero otsatirawa akhoza kuchitika:

• Kuyesa magazi kwa Calcitonin kuti awone ngati ali ndi khansa ya chithokomiro ya medullary
• Laryngoscopy (kuyang'ana mkatikati mwa khosi pogwiritsa ntchito kalilole kapena chubu chosinthasintha chotchedwa laryngoscope yoyikidwa mkamwa) kuti ayese ntchito ya zingwe
• Chithokomiro, chomwe chingaphatikizepo kuyesa kwamtundu wamaselo omwe amapezeka mu biopsy
• Kujambula chithokomiro
• TSH, T4 yaulere (kuyesa magazi kwa chithokomiro)
• Ultrasound cha chithokomiro ndi ma lymph node a khosi
• Kujambula kwa khosi kwa CT (kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa khansa)
• Kujambula PET

Chithandizo chimadalira mtundu wa khansa ya chithokomiro. Chithandizo cha mitundu yambiri ya khansa ya chithokomiro chimagwira ngati chapezeka msanga.

Nthawi zambiri opaleshoni imachitika. Zonse kapena mbali ya chithokomiro imatha kuchotsedwa. Ngati wothandizira wanu akukayikira kuti khansara yafalikira ku ma lymph nodes m'khosi, izi zichotsedwanso. Ngati chithokomiro chanu chatsalira, mufunika kutsata ma ultrasound komanso mwina maphunziro ena kuti mupeze khansa ya chithokomiro yomwe ikubweranso.

Mankhwalawa amatha kuchitidwa popanda opaleshoni. Itha kuchitidwa ndi:

• Kutenga ayodini wa radioactive pakamwa
• Poyerekeza ma radiation akunja (x-ray) ku chithokomiro

Mukalandira chithandizo cha khansa ya chithokomiro, muyenera kumwa mapiritsi a chithokomiro kwa moyo wanu wonse. Mlingowo nthawi zambiri umakhala wokwera pang'ono kuposa womwe thupi lanu limafunikira. Izi zimathandiza kuti khansa isabwerere.Mapiritsi amatenganso mahomoni a chithokomiro omwe thupi lanu liyenera kugwira bwino ntchito.

Ngati khansara sakuyankha kuchitidwa opaleshoni kapena poizoniyu, ndipo yafalikira mbali zina za thupi, chemotherapy kapena mankhwala omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Izi zimangothandiza anthu ochepa.

Mutha kuchepetsa nkhawa zamankhwala ndikulowa nawo gulu lothandizira khansa. Kugawana ndi ena omwe akumana ndi mavuto omwe akukumana nawo kungakuthandizeni kuti musamve nokha.

Zovuta za khansa ya chithokomiro ingaphatikizepo:

• Kuvulaza bokosi lamawu ndi hoarseness pambuyo pa opaleshoni ya chithokomiro
• Mulingo wochepa wa calcium kuchokera mwangozi kuchotsedwa kwa matenda amtundu wa parathyroid panthawi yochita opaleshoni
• Kufalitsa khansa kumapapu, mafupa, kapena mbali zina za thupi

Itanani omwe akukuthandizani mukawona chotupa m'khosi mwanu.

Palibe njira yodziwika yopewera. Kudziwitsa za chiopsezo (monga mankhwala am'mbuyomu opangira khosi) kumatha kulola matenda am'mbuyomu ndi chithandizo.

Nthawi zina, anthu omwe ali ndi mbiri ya mabanja komanso kusintha kwa majini okhudzana ndi khansa ya chithokomiro amachotsedwa chithokomiro chawo kuti ateteze khansa.

Chotupa - chithokomiro; Khansa - chithokomiro; Nodule - khansa ya chithokomiro; Papillary chithokomiro carcinoma; Medullary chithokomiro carcinoma; Anaplastic chithokomiro carcinoma; Khansa yotsatira ya chithokomiro

• Chithokomiro kuchotsa - kumaliseche

• Matenda a Endocrine
• Khansa ya chithokomiro - CT scan
• Khansa ya chithokomiro - CT scan
• Kukula kwa opaleshoni ya chithokomiro
• Chithokomiro

Haugen BR, Alexander Erik K, Baibulo KC, et al. Malangizo a 2015 American Thyroid Association Management kwa achikulire omwe ali ndi zotupa za chithokomiro komanso khansa ya chithokomiro; Chithokomiro. 2016; 26 (1): 1-133. PMID: 26462967 pubed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26462967/.

Jonklaas J, Cooper DS. Chithokomiro. Mu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, olemba. Mankhwala a Goldman-Cecil. 26 wa. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 213.

Tsamba la National Cancer Institute. Chithandizo cha khansa ya chithokomiro (wamkulu) (PDQ) - mtundu wazachipatala. www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/treatment/thyroid/HealthProfessional. Idasinthidwa pa Meyi 14, 2020. Idapezeka pa Ogasiti 3, 2020.

Smith PW, Hanks LR, Salomone LJ, Hanks JB. Chithokomiro. Mu: Townsend CM Jr, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, eds. Sabiston Buku Lopanga Opaleshoni. Wolemba 20th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: mutu 36.

Thompson LDR. Zotupa zotupa za chithokomiro. Mu: Thompson LDR, Bishop JA, eds. Mutu ndi Neck Pathology. Wachitatu ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chap 25.