Amwewe
Amayi ndi matenda opatsirana omwe amafala makamaka ndi nyama zomwe zili ndi kachilomboka.
Matendawa amayamba chifukwa cha kachilombo ka chiwewe. Amayi amafala ndi malovu omwe ali ndi kachilombo kamene kamalowa mthupi kudzera mwa kuluma kapena khungu losweka. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timayenda kuchokera pachilonda kupita ku ubongo, komwe timayambitsa kutupa kapena kutupa. Kutupa uku kumabweretsa zizindikilo za matendawa. Imfa zambiri za chiwewe zimachitika mwa ana.
M'mbuyomu, matenda a chiwewe ku United States nthawi zambiri amachokera chifukwa cholumwa ndi agalu. Posachedwa, milandu yambiri yachiwewe yaanthu yalumikizidwa ndi mileme ndi ma raccoon. Kulumidwa ndi agalu ndi komwe kumayambitsa matenda a chiwewe m'maiko omwe akutukuka kumene, makamaka Asia ndi Africa. Sipanakhalepo malipoti onena za chiwewe chomwe chidayambitsidwa ndi kulumidwa ndi agalu ku United States kwazaka zingapo chifukwa cha katemera wofalitsa nyama.
Nyama zina zakutchire zomwe zimafalitsa kachilombo ka chiwewe ndi monga:
- Ankhandwe
- Zinyalala
Nthawi zambiri, matenda a chiwewe amafalikira popanda kuluma kwenikweni. Matenda amtunduwu amakhulupirira kuti amayamba chifukwa cha malovu omwe amapezeka mlengalenga, nthawi zambiri amakhala m'mapanga a mileme.
Nthawi yapakati pa matenda ndikudwala imachokera masiku 10 mpaka zaka 7. Nthawi imeneyi imatchedwa nthawi yosakaniza. Nthawi yokwanira yosakaniza ndi masabata 3 mpaka 12.
Kuopa madzi (hydrophobia) ndichizindikiro chofala kwambiri. Zizindikiro zina zitha kuphatikiza:
- Kutsetsereka
- Kugwidwa
- Tsamba loluma ndilovuta kwambiri
- Khalidwe limasintha
- Nseru ndi kusanza
- Kutaya mtima m'dera la thupi
- Kutayika kwa minofu
- Kutentha kwambiri (102 ° F kapena 38.8 ° C, kapena kutsika) ndimutu
- Kupweteka kwa minofu
- Dzanzi ndi kumva kulasalasa
- Zowawa pamalo olumirako
- Kusakhazikika
- Kuvuta kumeza (kumwa kumayambitsa ma spasms a mawu amawu)
- Ziwerengero
Ngati nyama ikuluma, yesetsani kusonkhanitsa zambiri zokhudza nyamayo momwe mungathere. Itanani oyang'anira oyang'anira zinyama mdera lanu kuti agwire nyamayo mosamala. Ngati akugwidwa chiwewewe, nyamayo imangoyang'aniridwa ngati ali ndi matenda a chiwewe.
Kuyezetsa kwapadera kotchedwa immunofluorescence kumagwiritsidwa ntchito poyang'ana minofu yaubongo nyama itafa. Kuyesaku kumatha kuwonetsa ngati chiweto chidali ndi chiwewe.
Wothandizira zaumoyo adzakufufuzirani ndikuyang'ana kuluma. Chilondacho chidzatsukidwa ndikuchiritsidwa.
Chiyeso chomwecho chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa nyama chitha kuchitidwa kuti chifufuze matenda a chiwewe mwa anthu. Kuyesaku kumagwiritsa ntchito khungu kuchokera m'khosi. Wothandizirayo angayang'anenso kachilombo ka chiwewe m'matumbo mwanu kapena mumtsempha wam'mimba, ngakhale mayeserowa siochenjera ndipo angafunikire kuwabwereza.
Tepi ya msana itha kuchitidwa kuti mufufuze zizindikiritso zamatenda mumsana mwanu. Mayesero ena omwe achitika atha kukhala:
- MRI yaubongo
- CT wamutu
Cholinga cha mankhwalawa ndikuthandizira kuthetsa zilonda za kuluma ndikuwunika chiwopsezo cha matenda a chiwewe. Sambani chilondacho bwino ndi sopo ndi madzi ndipo pitani kuchipatala. Mufunika wothandizira kuti ayeretse chilondacho ndikuchotsa zinthu zakunja. Nthawi zambiri, zolumikizira siziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pakuluma kwa nyama.
Ngati pali chiopsezo chilichonse cha chiwewe, mupatsidwa katemera wambiri wothandizira. Katemerayu amaperekedwa mokwanira mu masiku 5 pa masiku 28. Maantibayotiki alibe mphamvu iliyonse pa matenda a chiwewe.
Anthu ambiri amalandiranso chithandizo chotchedwa rabies cha munthu immunoglobulin (HRIG). Mankhwalawa amaperekedwa tsiku lomwe amaluma.
Itanani omwe akukuthandizani nthawi yomweyo nyama ikaluma kapena atakumana ndi nyama monga mileme, nkhandwe, ndi zikopa. Amatha kunyamula chiwewe.
- Imbani ngakhale simunalume.
- Katemera ndi chithandizo cha chiwewe chotere zimalimbikitsidwa kwa masiku osachepera 14 mutayikidwa kapena kulumidwa.
Palibe chithandizo chodziwika bwino kwa anthu omwe ali ndi zizindikilo za matenda a chiwewe, koma pakhala pali malipoti ochepa okhudza anthu omwe apulumuka ndi mankhwala oyeserera.
Ndikotheka kupewa chiwewe ngati mutalandira katemera atangomaliza kuluma. Mpaka pano, palibe aliyense ku United States yemwe adayamba matenda a chiwewe atapatsidwa katemera mwachangu komanso moyenera.
Zizindikiro zikawoneka, munthuyo samapulumuka matendawa, ngakhale atalandira chithandizo. Imfa yolephera kupuma nthawi zambiri imachitika pakadutsa masiku 7 zizindikiro zitayamba.
Amwewe ndi matenda opha moyo. Ngati munthu wadwala matenda a chiwewe akapanda kuchiritsidwa, akhoza kukomoka kapena kufa.
Nthawi zambiri, anthu ena amatha kusokonezeka ndi katemera wa chiwewe.
Pitani kuchipinda chodzidzimutsa kapena itanani 911 kapena nambala yadzidzidzi yakomweko ngati nyama ikulumani.
Kuthandiza kupewa matenda a chiwewe:
- Pewani kukhudzana ndi nyama zomwe simukuzidziwa.
- Pezani katemera ngati mukugwira ntchito yomwe ili pachiwopsezo chachikulu kapena mukapita kumaiko omwe ali ndi chiwewe chachikulu.
- Onetsetsani kuti ziweto zanu zilandira katemera woyenera. Funsani veterinarian wanu.
- Onetsetsani kuti chiweto chanu sichikumana ndi nyama zakutchire.
- Tsatirani malamulo opatsirana pogulitsa agalu ndi zinyama zina kumayiko opanda matenda.
Hydrophobia; Kuluma kwa nyama - chiwewe; Kuluma kwa agalu - chiwewe; Kuluma mleme - chiwewe; Raccoon amaluma - chiwewe
- Amwewe
- Central dongosolo lamanjenje ndi zotumphukira zamanjenje
- Amwewe
Bullard-Berent J. Amayi. Mu: Makoma RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts and Clinical Practice. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chap 123.
Malo Othandizira Kuteteza ndi Kuteteza tsamba lawebusayiti. Amwewe. www.cdc.gov/rabies/index.html. Idasinthidwa pa Seputembara 25, 2020. Idapezeka pa Disembala 2, 2020.
Williams B, Rupprecht CE, Bleck TP. (Adasankhidwa) Amayi achiwewe (rhabdoviruses). Mu: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, olemba., Eds. Mandell, Douglas, ndi Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 163.