Toxoplasmosis yobadwa

Congenital toxoplasmosis ndi gulu la zizindikilo zomwe zimachitika mwana wakhanda (mwana wosabadwa) atatenga kachilomboka. Toxoplasma gondii.

Matenda a Toxoplasmosis amatha kupita kwa mwana yemwe akukula ngati mayi atenga kachilombo ali ndi pakati. Matendawa amafalikira kwa mwana yemwe akukula kudutsamo. Nthawi zambiri, matendawa amakhala ochepa mwa mayi. Mkazi sangadziwe kuti ali ndi tiziromboti. Komabe, matenda a mwana amene akukula angayambitse mavuto aakulu. Vuto limakulirakulira ngati matendawa amapezeka ali ndi pakati.

Mpaka theka la ana omwe amatenga toxoplasmosis panthawi yomwe ali ndi pakati amabadwa msanga (asanakwane). Matendawa amatha kuwononga maso a mwana, dongosolo lamanjenje, khungu, ndi makutu.

Nthawi zambiri, pamakhala zizindikilo za matenda pakubadwa. Komabe, makanda omwe ali ndi matenda opatsirana pang'ono sangakhale ndi zizindikiro kwa miyezi kapena zaka atabadwa. Ngati sanalandire chithandizo, ana ambiri omwe ali ndi matendawa amakhala ndi mavuto ali achinyamata. Mavuto amaso ndiofala.

Zizindikiro zimaphatikizapo:

• Kukulitsa chiwindi ndi ndulu
• Kusanza
• Kuwonongeka kwa diso pakotupa kwa diso kapena mbali zina za diso
• Mavuto akudya
• Kutaya kwakumva
• Jaundice (khungu lachikaso)
• Kulemera kochepa kubadwa (choletsa kukula kwa intrauterine)
• Ziphuphu pakhungu (mawanga ofiira ofinya kapena mabala) pakubadwa
• Mavuto masomphenya

Kuwonongeka kwa ubongo ndi manjenje kumayambira pakati pofikira mpaka kufika povuta, ndipo mwina ndi awa:

• Kugwidwa
• Kulemala kwamaluso

Wothandizira zaumoyo amamuyesa mwanayo. Mwanayo akhoza kukhala ndi:

• Kutupa nthenda ndi chiwindi
• Khungu lachikaso (jaundice)
• Kutupa kwa maso
• Zamadzimadzi mu ubongo (hydrocephalus)
• Kutupa ma lymph node (lymphadenopathy)
• Kukula kwamutu (macrocephaly) kapena kakang'ono kuposa mutu wabwinobwino (microcephaly)

Mayesero omwe angachitike panthawi yapakati ndi awa:

• Kuyesedwa kwa Amniotic madzimadzi ndi kuyezetsa magazi a fetal
• Mutu wa antibody
• Ultrasound pamimba

Atabadwa, mayesero otsatirawa atha kuchitika kwa mwana:

• Kafukufuku wa antibody pa chingwe chamagazi ndi madzi amadzimadzi
• Kujambula kwa CT kwa ubongo
• Kujambula kwa MRI kwa ubongo
• Mayeso amitsempha
• Kuyesedwa koyenera kwamaso
• Mayeso a Toxoplasmosis

Spiramycin imatha kuchiza matenda kwa mayi wapakati.

Pyrimethamine ndi sulfadiazine amatha kuchiza matenda a fetus (omwe amapezeka nthawi yapakati).

Chithandizo cha makanda obadwa nawo toxoplasmosis nthawi zambiri amaphatikizapo pyrimethamine, sulfadiazine, ndi leucovorin kwa chaka chimodzi. Makanda amaperekedwanso ma steroids nthawi zina ngati masomphenya awo awopsezedwa kapena ngati kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni mumtsempha wamtsempha ndikokwera.

Zotsatira zimadalira momwe zinthu ziliri.

Zovuta zingaphatikizepo:

• Hydrocephalus
• Khungu kapena kulemala kooneka bwino
• Kulemala kwakukulu kwamaluso kapena mavuto ena amitsempha

Itanani omwe akukuthandizani ngati muli ndi pakati ndipo mukuganiza kuti muli pachiwopsezo cha matendawa. (Mwachitsanzo, matenda a toxoplasmosis amatha kupitilizidwa kuchokera ku amphaka mukatsuka mabedi amphaka.) Itanani omwe amakupatsani ngati muli ndi pakati ndipo simunalandire chithandizo chamankhwala osabereka.

Amayi omwe ali ndi pakati kapena akukonzekera kutenga pakati akhoza kuyezedwa kuti adziwe ngati ali pachiwopsezo chotenga kachilomboka.

Azimayi omwe ali ndi amphaka monga ziweto zapakhomo akhoza kukhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu. Ayenera kupewa kukhudzana ndi ndowe za mphaka, kapena zinthu zomwe zingawonongeke ndi tizirombo todetsedwa ndi ndowe za mphaka (monga mphemvu ndi ntchentche).

Komanso, iphikani nyama mpaka itatha bwino, ndipo musambe m'manja mutatha kugwira nyama yaiwisi kuti musatenge tiziromboti.

• Toxoplasmosis yobadwa

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McLeod R, Boyer KM. Toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma gondii). Mu: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, olemba. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. Wolemba 21. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 316.

Montoya JG, Boothroyd JC, Kovacs JA. Toxoplasma gondii. Mu: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, olemba., Eds. Mandell, Douglas, ndi Mfundo za Bennett ndi Kuchita kwa Matenda Opatsirana, Kusinthidwa. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: mutu 280.