Pertussis

Pertussis ndi matenda opatsirana kwambiri a bakiteriya omwe amachititsa kutsokomola kosalamulirika, kwamphamvu. Kutsokomola kumatha kupangitsa kuti kukhale kovuta kupuma. Phokoso lakuya "whooping" limamveka nthawi zambiri munthu akamayesera kupuma.

Pertussis, kapena chifuwa chachikulu, ndi matenda opuma opuma. Zimayambitsidwa ndi Bordetella pertussis mabakiteriya. Ndi nthenda yoopsa yomwe imatha kukhudza anthu amisinkhu iliyonse ndikupangitsa kuti makanda, ngakhalenso kufa kumene, akhale olumala.

Munthu wodwala akayetsemula kapena kutsokomola, timadontho tating'onoting'ono tokhala ndi mabakiteriya timayenda mlengalenga. Matendawa amafalikira mosavuta kuchokera kwa munthu wina kupita kwa munthu wina.

Zizindikiro za matendawa zimatha milungu 6, koma zimatha kukhala milungu 10.

Zizindikiro zoyambirira zimafanana ndi chimfine. Nthawi zambiri, amakula pafupifupi sabata limodzi atakumana ndi mabakiteriya.

Magawo okhwima a chifuwa amayamba pakadutsa masiku 10 kapena 12. Kwa makanda ndi ana aang'ono, kutsokomola nthawi zina kumatha ndi "phokoso". Phokoso limapangidwa munthu akamayesa kupuma. Phokoso la whoop limapezeka kawirikawiri mwa makanda ochepera miyezi isanu ndi umodzi komanso mwa ana okulirapo kapena akulu.

Kutsokomola kumatha kubweretsa kusanza kapena kutayika kwakanthawi. Pertussis ayenera kuganiziridwa nthawi zonse kusanza kumachitika ndikutsokomola. Kwa makanda, kutsamwa komanso kupuma kwakanthawi ndizofala.

Zizindikiro zina zamavuto monga:

• Mphuno yothamanga
• Kutentha pang'ono, 102 ° F (38.9 ° C) kapena kutsika
• Kutsekula m'mimba

Matenda oyamba amapezeka nthawi zambiri kutengera zizindikilo. Komabe, ngati zizindikirazo sizikuwonekera, pertussis ikhoza kukhala yovuta kuzindikira. Mwa makanda achichepere kwambiri, zizindikilozo zimatha kuyambitsidwa ndi chibayo m'malo mwake.

Kuti adziwe zowonadi, wothandizira zaumoyo atha kutenga mamina ena am'mimba. Chitsanzocho chimatumizidwa ku labu ndikuyesedwa kwa pertussis. Ngakhale izi zitha kukupatsirani matenda olondola, mayesowo amatenga nthawi. Nthawi zambiri, mankhwala amayambika zotsatira zake zisanakwane.

Anthu ena amatha kukhala ndi magazi athunthu omwe amawonetsa ma lymphocyte ambiri.

Ngati ayamba molawirira, maantibayotiki monga erythromycin amatha kupangitsa kuti zimpawu zizichoka mwachangu. Tsoka ilo, anthu ambiri amapezeka kuti akuchedwa, pomwe maantibayotiki sagwira ntchito kwambiri. Komabe, mankhwalawa amatha kuthandiza kuti munthu athe kufalitsa matendawa kwa ena.

Makanda ochepera miyezi 18 amafunikira kuwayang'anira nthawi zonse chifukwa kupuma kwawo kumatha kusiya pakanthawi kotsokomola. Ana omwe ali ndi vuto lalikulu ayenera kuchipatala.

Tenti ya oxygen yokhala ndi chinyezi chambiri itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito.

Madzi amatha kuperekedwa kudzera mumtsempha ngati kutsokomola kuli kovuta kwambiri kuti munthuyo asamwe madzi okwanira.

Mankhwala (mankhwala okuchititsani kugona) atha kulembedwa kwa ana aang'ono.

Zosakaniza za chifuwa, ma expectorants, ndi ma suppressants nthawi zambiri sizothandiza. Mankhwalawa sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito.

Kwa ana okulirapo, malingaliro nthawi zambiri amakhala abwino kwambiri. Makanda ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha imfa, ndipo amafunika kuwunika mosamala.

Zovuta zingaphatikizepo:

• Chibayo
• Kugwedezeka
• Matenda osokoneza bongo (osatha)
• Kutulutsa magazi m'mphuno
• Matenda akumakutu
• Kuwonongeka kwa ubongo posowa mpweya
• Kutuluka magazi muubongo (kukha mwazi)
• Kulemala kwamaluso
• Kuchepetsa kapena kusiya kupuma (apnea)
• Imfa

Itanani omwe akukuthandizani ngati inu kapena mwana wanu mumayamba kukhala ndi vuto la pertussis.

Itanani 911 kapena pitani kuchipinda chadzidzidzi ngati munthuyo ali ndi izi:

• Mtundu wabuluu wabuluu, womwe umawonetsa kusowa kwa mpweya
• Nthawi zopuma kupuma (apnea)
• Khunyu kapena khunyu
• Kutentha kwakukulu
• Kulimbikira kusanza
• Kutaya madzi m'thupi

Katemera wa DTaP, imodzi mwazomwe zimalimbikitsa katemera wa ana, zimateteza ana kumatenda a pertussis. Katemera wa DTaP atha kuperekedwa kwa makanda mosamala. Katemera asanu a DTaP akulimbikitsidwa. Nthawi zambiri amapatsidwa kwa ana azaka ziwiri, miyezi inayi, miyezi 6, miyezi 15 mpaka 18, ndi zaka 4 mpaka 6.

Katemera wa TdaP ayenera kuperekedwa ali ndi zaka 11 kapena 12.

Pakubuka chibwibwi, ana osadwala omwe sanakwanitse zaka 7 sayenera kupita kusukulu kapena kumisonkhano yapagulu. Ayeneranso kudzipatula kwa aliyense amene amadziwika kapena akuganiziridwa kuti ali ndi kachilomboka. Izi zikuyenera kupitilira mpaka masiku 14 kuchokera pomwe mlandu womaliza udanenedwa.

Tikulimbikitsanso kuti achikulire azaka 19 kapena kupitilira apo alandire katemera 1 wa TdaP motsutsana ndi pertussis.

TdaP ndiyofunikira makamaka kwa akatswiri azaumoyo komanso aliyense amene amalumikizana kwambiri ndi mwana wosakwana miyezi 12.

Amayi oyembekezera ayenera kulandira mlingo wa TdaP pa nthawi iliyonse yoyembekezera pakati pa milungu 27 ndi 36 ya pakati, kuteteza mwana wakhanda ku pertussis.

Kutsokomola

• Kuwunika mwachidule

Kim DK, Komiti Yowalangiza za Katemera ya Hunter P. idalimbikitsa dongosolo la katemera kwa anthu azaka zapakati pa 19 kapena kupitilira apo - United States, 2019. MMWR Morb Wachivundi Wkly Rep. 2019; 68 (5): 115-118. PMID: 30730868 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30730868. (Adasankhidwa)

[Mawu a M'munsi] Robinson CL, Bernstein H, Romero JR, Szilagyi P; Komiti Yaupangiri pa Ntchito Zakutemera (ACIP) Gulu Lantchito Yoteteza Ana / Achinyamata. Komiti Yaupangiri pa Katemera imalimbikitsa dongosolo la katemera kwa ana ndi achinyamata azaka 18 kapena kupitilira apo - United States, 2019. MMWR Morb Wachivundi Wkly Rep. 2019; 68 (5): 112-114. PMID: 30730870 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30730870. (Adasankhidwa)

Kumva E, Long SS. Pertussis (Bordetella pertussis ndi Bordetella parapertussis). Mu: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, olemba. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. Wolemba 21. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 224.

United States Centers for Webusayiti Yoyang'anira ndi Kupewa Matenda. Chidziwitso cha katemera: Katemera wa Tdap (tetanus, diphtheria ndi pertussis). www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/vis/vis-statement/tdap.pdf. Idasinthidwa pa February 24, 2015. Idapezeka pa Seputembara 5, 2019.