Kulowa m'malo olowa

Kuphatikizana kwa mawondo ndi opaleshoni yochotsa bondo limodzi ndi cholumikizira chopangidwa ndi anthu. Mgwirizanowu umatchedwa prosthesis.

Matenda owonongeka ndi mafupa amachotsedwa pa bondo. Zidutswa zopangidwa ndi anthu kenako zimayikidwa pa bondo.

Zidutswazi zitha kuyikidwa m'malo otsatirawa:

• Kumapeto kwakumapeto kwa fupa la ntchafu - Fupa ili limatchedwa femur. Gawo losinthira nthawi zambiri limapangidwa ndi chitsulo.
• Pamapeto pake pa fupa la shin, lomwe ndi fupa lalikulu m'munsi mwanu - Fupa ili limatchedwa tibia. Gawo losinthira nthawi zambiri limapangidwa ndi chitsulo komanso pulasitiki wolimba.
• Kumbuyo kwa kneecap yanu - kneecap yanu imatchedwa patella. Gawo losinthira nthawi zambiri limapangidwa ndi pulasitiki wolimba.

Simudzamva kuwawa panthawi yochita opaleshoniyi. Mudzakhala ndi imodzi mwamitundu iwiri iyi ya dzanzi:

• Anesthesia wamba - Izi zikutanthauza kuti mudzagona ndipo simungamve kupweteka.
• Anesthesia yachigawo (msana kapena epidural) - Mankhwala amayikidwa kumbuyo kwanu kuti musowe m'chiuno. Mupezanso mankhwala okuthandizani kugona. Ndipo mutha kupeza mankhwala omwe angakupangitseni kuiwala za njirayi, ngakhale simukugona mokwanira.

Mukalandira dzanzi, dokotalayo adzadula pa bondo lanu kuti atsegule. Kudula kumeneku nthawi zambiri kumakhala mainchesi 8 mpaka 10 (20 mpaka 25 sentimita) kutalika. Kenako dokotalayo:

• Chotsani kneecap wanu (patella) panjira, ndikudula malekezero a fupa lanu la ntchafu ndi fupa (mwendo wakumunsi) kuti akwaniritse gawo lomwe lingalowe m'malo mwake.
• Dulani pansi pamunsi pa kneecap yanu kuti mukonzekere zidutswa zatsopano zomwe zizijambulidwa pamenepo.
• Mangani ziwalo ziwiri za prosthesis m'mafupa anu. Gawo limodzi lidzaphatikizidwa kumapeto kwa fupa lanu la ntchafu ndipo gawo lina lidzaphatikizidwa ndi fupa lanu. Zidutswazo zitha kulumikizidwa pogwiritsa ntchito simenti ya fupa kapena zomangira.
• Onetsetsani kumunsi kwa kneecap yanu. Chipinda chapadera cha fupa chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kulumikiza gawo ili.
• Konzani minofu yanu ndi minyewa yanu kuzungulira cholumikizira chatsopano ndikutseka mdulidwewo.

Kuchita opaleshoni kumatenga pafupifupi maola awiri.

Mawondo ambiri opangira amakhala ndi chitsulo komanso pulasitiki. Madokotala ena tsopano amagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo chitsulo pazitsulo, ceramic pa ceramic, kapena ceramic papulasitiki.

Chifukwa chofala kwambiri chophatikizira bondo ndikuchepetsa kupweteka kwa nyamakazi. Dokotala wanu angakulimbikitseni bondo m'malo mwake ngati:

• Mukumva kuwawa ndi nyamakazi yomwe imakulepheretsani kugona kapena kuchita zinthu wamba.
• Simungathe kuyenda ndikudzisamalira.
• Kupweteka kwa mawondo anu sikunasinthe ndi chithandizo china.
• Mukumvetsetsa momwe opaleshoni ndi kuchira zidzakhalire.

Nthawi zambiri, kugwirizira mawondo kumachitika mwa anthu azaka 60 kapena kupitilira apo. Achinyamata omwe alumikizidwa bondo m'malo mwake amatha kupanikizika kwambiri pa bondo lochita kupanga ndikupangitsa kuti lizitha msanga osakhalitsa.

Nthawi zonse uzani wothandizira zaumoyo wanu mankhwala omwe mukumwa, ngakhale mankhwala, zowonjezera, kapena zitsamba zomwe mwagula popanda mankhwala.

Pakati pa masabata awiri musanachite opareshoni:

• Konzani nyumba yanu.
• Kutatsala milungu iwiri kuti achite opaleshoni, mwina mungafunsidwe kuti musiye kumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe amalepheretsa magazi anu kugundana. Izi zimaphatikizapo aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), naproxen (Naprosyn, Aleve), opopera magazi monga warfarin (Coumadin), kapena clopidogrel (Plavix), ndi mankhwala ena (Xarelto).
• Muyeneranso kusiya kumwa mankhwala omwe angapangitse kuti thupi lanu likhale ndi matenda. Izi zimaphatikizapo methotrexate, Enbrel, kapena mankhwala ena omwe amalepheretsa chitetezo chanu chamthupi.
• Funsani omwe amakupatsani mankhwala omwe muyenera kumwa patsiku la opareshoni yanu.
• Ngati muli ndi matenda ashuga, matenda amtima, kapena matenda ena, dotolo wanu angakufunseni kuti muwonane ndi omwe amakuthandizani pazifukwa izi kuti muwone ngati zili zotheka kuchitidwa opaleshoni.
• Uzani wothandizira wanu ngati mumamwa mowa wambiri, kuposa 1 kapena 2 zakumwa patsiku.
• Mukasuta, muyenera kusiya. Funsani omwe akukuthandizani kuti akuthandizeni. Kusuta kumachepetsa chilonda ndi mafupa. Kuchira kwanu sikungakhale bwino ngati mupitiliza kusuta.
• Nthawi zonse muziwuza omwe akukuthandizani za chimfine, chimfine, malungo, herpes breakout, kapena matenda ena omwe muli nawo musanachite opareshoni.
• Mungafune kukachezera othandizira kuti muphunzire zolimbitsa thupi musanachite opaleshoni.
• Khazikitsani nyumba yanu kuti ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku zizivuta.
• Yesetsani kugwiritsa ntchito ndodo, kuyenda, ndodo, kapena njinga ya olumala molondola.

Patsiku la opareshoni yanu:

• Nthawi zambiri mudzafunsidwa kuti musamwe kapena kudya chilichonse kwa maola 6 mpaka 12 musanachitike.
• Tengani mankhwala omwe adauzidwa kuti mumwe pang'ono pokha madzi.
• Mudzauzidwa nthawi yobwera kuchipatala.

Mudzakhala mchipatala kwa masiku 1 kapena 2. Munthawi imeneyi, mudzachira ku anesthesia komanso ku opaleshoni yomwe. Mudzafunsidwa kuti muyambe kusuntha ndikuyenda posachedwa tsiku loyamba mutachitidwa opaleshoni.

Kuchira kwathunthu kumatenga miyezi inayi mpaka chaka.

Anthu ena amafunika kukhala kanthawi kochepa kuchipatala atachoka kuchipatala komanso asanapite kwawo. Pachipatala, muphunzira momwe mungachitire nokha zochita zanu za tsiku ndi tsiku.

Zotsatira zakusintha kwathunthu kwa mawondo nthawi zambiri zimakhala zabwino kwambiri. Opaleshoni imathandiza kuti anthu ambiri asamve ululu. Anthu ambiri safuna kuthandizidwa atachira.

Zambiri zolumikizira mawondo zimakhala zaka 10 mpaka 15. Ena amakhala zaka 20 asanamasulidwe ndipo amafunika kuwalowanso m'malo ena. Kusintha kwathunthu kwamaondo kumatha kusinthidwa ngati atamasuka kapena kutha. Komabe, nthawi zambiri zotsatira sizikhala zabwino monga nthawi yoyamba. Ndikofunika kuti musachite opareshoni mwachangu kwambiri chifukwa mungafunike kuchitidwa opaleshoni ina mukadali achichepere kapena kuti muzichita mochedwa kwambiri pomwe simupindule kwambiri. Pambuyo pa opareshoni, muyenera kumakaonana ndi madokotala anu nthawi ndi nthawi kuti muonetsetse kuti ziwalo zanu zophatikizika zili bwino.

Kuchepetsa mawondo; Bondo nyongolotsi; Mawondo m'malo - okwana; Kusintha bondo lamkati; Subvastus mawondo m'malo; Mawondo m'malo - ochepera pang'ono; Bondo arthroplasty - wowononga pang'ono; TKA - bondo m'malo; Nyamakazi - m'malo; OA - m'malo bondo

• Chitetezo cha bafa cha akulu
• Kukonzekera nyumba yanu - opaleshoni ya mawondo kapena mchiuno
• M'chiuno kapena m'malo mwa bondo - pambuyo - zomwe mungafunse dokotala wanu
• M'chiuno kapena m'malo mwa bondo - musanayankhe - zomwe mungafunse dokotala wanu
• Bondo olowa m'malo - kumaliseche
• Kupewa kugwa
• Kuteteza kugwa - zomwe mungafunse dokotala wanu
• Chisamaliro cha bala la opaleshoni - chotseguka

• Maondo olowa m'malo ophatikizira
• Kulowa m'malo molumikizana - mndandanda

American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons (AAOS) tsamba lawebusayiti. Chithandizo cha mafupa a mafupa a bondo: malangizo opangira umboni mtundu wa 2. aaos.org/globalassets/quality-and-practice-resource/osteoarthritis-of-the-knee/osteoarthritis-of-the-knee-2nd-editiion-clinical-practice-guideline.pdf. Idasinthidwa pa Meyi 18, 2013. Idapezeka pa Okutobala 1, 2020.

Ellen MI, Forbush DR, Groomes TE. Chiwerengero chonse cha mawondo. Mu: Frontera, WR, Silver JK, Rizzo TD Jr, olemba. Zofunikira pa Thupi Lathupi ndi Kukonzanso. Wolemba 4. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chap 80.

Mihalko WM. Zojambulajambula za bondo. Mu: Azar FM, Beaty JH, olemba. Opaleshoni ya CampbellWachinayi. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: mutu 7.

Mtengo AJ, Alvand A, Troelsen A, et al. Kulowa m'malo. Lancet. 2018; 392 (10158): 1672-1682. PMID: 30496082 pubed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30496082/.

Wilson HA, Middleton R, Abram SGF, ndi al. Zotsatira zofunikira za wodwala zosagwirizana ndi chipinda chofananira ndikusintha bondo lonse: kuwunika mwatsatanetsatane ndikuwunika meta. BMJ. Chidwi. 2019; 21; 364: l352. PMID: 30792179 adasankhidwa.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30792179/.