Magazi pakhungu

Kuthira magazi pakhungu kumatha kuchitika pamitsempha yamagazi yosweka yomwe imapanga timadontho tofiira tating'onoting'ono (tomwe timatchedwa petechiae). Magazi amathanso kusonkhanitsa pansi pa minyewa m'malo akuluakulu (otchedwa purpura), kapena m'malo opunduka kwambiri (otchedwa ecchymosis).

Kupatula pachipsera chofala, kutuluka magazi pakhungu kapena nembanemba ndi chizindikiritso chofunikira kwambiri ndipo kuyenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi othandizira azaumoyo nthawi zonse.

Kufiira kwa khungu (erythema) sikuyenera kulakwitsa chifukwa chamagazi. Madera otaya magazi pansi pa khungu samakhala otayika (blanch) mukamafika pamalopo, monga kufiira kochokera ku erythema.

Zinthu zambiri zimatha kuyambitsa magazi pansi pakhungu. Ena mwa iwo ndi awa:

• Kuvulala kapena kupwetekedwa
• Matupi awo sagwirizana
• Matenda osokoneza bongo
• Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kapena matenda okhudza magazi (coagulation)
• Thrombocytopenia
• Chithandizo chamankhwala, kuphatikiza radiation ndi chemotherapy
• Mankhwala opatsirana pogonana monga clopidogrel (Plavix)
• Kuphulika (ecchymosis)
• Kubadwa (petechiae mu wakhanda)
• Khungu lokalamba (ecchymosis)
• Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (petechiae ndi purpura)
• Henoch-Schonlein purpura (purpura)
• Khansa ya m'magazi (purpura ndi ecchymosis)
• Mankhwala - Anticoagulants monga warfarin kapena heparin (ecchymosis), aspirin (ecchymosis), steroids (ecchymosis)
• Septicemia (petechiae, purpura, ecchymosis)

Tetezani khungu lokalamba. Pewani zoopsa monga kugundana kapena kukoka pakhungu. Pofuna kudula kapena kupukuta, gwiritsani ntchito kupanikizika kwachindunji kuti musiye magazi.

Ngati mukumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo, funsani omwe akukuthandizani kuti asiye kumwa mankhwalawo. Kupanda kutero, tsatirani mankhwala omwe mwapatsidwa kuti athane ndi zomwe zimayambitsa vutoli.

Lumikizanani ndi omwe amakupatsani ngati:

• Mukutuluka mwadzidzidzi pakhungu popanda chifukwa
• Mukuwona kuvulala kosadziwika komwe sikutha

Wopezayo amakupimitsani ndikufunsani mafunso okhudzana ndi magazi, monga:

• Kodi posachedwapa mwavulala kapena mwachita ngozi?
• Kodi mwakhala mukudwala posachedwapa?
• Kodi mudalandira mankhwala a radiation kapena chemotherapy?
• Ndi mankhwala ena ati omwe mudalandira?
• Kodi mumamwa ma aspirin kangapo kamodzi pamlungu?
• Kodi mumamwa Coumadin, heparin, kapena "ochepa magazi" (anticoagulants)?
• Kodi magazi akuchulika kangapo?
• Kodi mudakhala ndi chizolowezi chofuna kutuluka magazi pakhungu?
• Kodi magazi adayamba ali wakhanda (mwachitsanzo, ndi mdulidwe)?
• Kodi zidayamba ndi opareshoni kapena pomwe mudakoka dzino?

Mayesero otsatirawa akhoza kuchitidwa:

• Mayeso a coagulation kuphatikiza INR ndi nthawi ya prothrombin
• Kuwerengera kwathunthu kwamagazi (CBC) okhala ndi kuchuluka kwa ma platelet ndi kusiyanasiyana kwamagazi
• Kutupa kwa mafupa

Ecchymoses; Mawanga akhungu - ofiira; Onetsani mawanga ofiira pakhungu; Petechiae; Zolemba

• Diso lakuda

Mpikisano wa Hayward CPM. Njira yachipatala yopita kwa wodwalayo ndi magazi kapena mikwingwirima. Mu: Hoffman R, Benz EJ, Silberstein LE, et al, olemba. Hematology: Mfundo Zoyambira ndi Zochita. Wachisanu ndi chiwiri. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: mutu 128.

Juliano JJ, Cohen MS, Weber DJ. Wodwala yemwe ali ndi malungo komanso zotupa. Mu: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, olemba., Eds. Mandell, Douglas, ndi Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 57.

Schafer AI. Yandikirani wodwalayo ndi magazi ndi thrombosis. Mu: Goldman L, Schafer AI, olemba. Mankhwala a Goldman-Cecil. 26 wa. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 162.