Endoscopy

Endoscopy ndi njira yoyang'ana mkati mwa thupi pogwiritsa ntchito chubu chosinthasintha chomwe chili ndi kamera yaying'ono ndi kuwala kumapeto kwake. Chida ichi chimatchedwa endoscope.

Zida zing'onozing'ono zimatha kulowetsedwa kudzera mu endoscope ndikugwiritsa ntchito:

• Yang'anirani bwino malo amkati mwa thupi
• Tengani zitsanzo zamatenda achilendo
• Chitani matenda ena
• Chotsani zotupa
• Lekani magazi
• Chotsani matupi akunja (monga chakudya cholumikizidwa kummero, chubu chomwe chimalumikiza khosi lanu kumimba kwanu)

Endoscope imadutsa potsegulira thupi lachilengedwe kapena pang'ono. Pali mitundu yambiri yama endoscopes. Chilichonse chimatchulidwa potengera ziwalo kapena madera omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofufuza.

Kukonzekera kwa njirayi kumasiyanasiyana kutengera mayeso. Mwachitsanzo, palibe kukonzekera kofunikira kwa anoscopy. Koma chakudya chapadera ndi mankhwala ofewetsa tuvi tolimba amafunika kukonzekera colonoscopy. Tsatirani malangizo a omwe akukuthandizani.

Mayesero onsewa amatha kusokoneza kapena kupweteka. Zina zimachitika pambuyo pokhala ndi mankhwala opweteka. Funsani ndi omwe amakupatsani zomwe muyenera kuyembekezera.

Chiyeso chilichonse cha endoscopy chimachitika pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana. Endoscopy imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa ndikuchiza magawo am'mimba, monga:

• Anoscopy amawona mkati mwa anus, gawo lotsikitsitsa kwambiri pamatumbo.
• Colonoscopy imawona mkatikati mwa colon (matumbo akulu) ndi rectum.
• Enteroscopy amawona m'matumbo ang'ono (matumbo ang'onoang'ono).
• ERCP (endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography) amawona njira ya biliary, machubu ang'onoang'ono omwe amatulutsa ndulu, chiwindi, kapamba.
• Sigmoidoscopy imawona mkatikati mwa gawo lakumunsi kwa koloni lotchedwa sigmoid colon ndi rectum.
• Pamwamba endoscopy (esophagogastroduodenoscopy, kapena EGD) imawona gawo la pamimba, m'mimba, ndi gawo loyamba la m'matumbo ang'ono (otchedwa duodenum).
• Bronchoscopy imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyang'ana munjira zopumira (mphepo, kapena trachea) ndi mapapo.
• Cystoscopy imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwona mkati mwa chikhodzodzo. Kukula kumadutsa potsegulira mkodzo.
• Laparoscopy imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyang'ana mwachindunji thumba losunga mazira, zowonjezera, kapena ziwalo zina zam'mimba. Kukula kwake kumalowetsedwa kudzera m'mabala ang'onoang'ono opangira opaleshoni m'chiuno kapena m'mimba. Zotupa kapena ziwalo m'mimba kapena m'chiuno zimatha kuchotsedwa.

Arthroscopy imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyang'ana molunjika pamalumikizidwe, monga bondo. Kukula kwake kumalowetsedwa kudzera pakudula kocheperako pozungulira olowa. Mavuto ndi mafupa, tendon, ligaments amatha kuchiritsidwa.

Chiyeso chilichonse cha endoscopy chimakhala ndi zoopsa zake. Wopereka wanu adzakufotokozerani izi musanachitike.

• Zojambulajambula

Carlson SM, Goldberg J, Lentz GM. Endoscopy: hysteroscopy ndi laparoscopy: zisonyezo, zotsutsana, ndi zovuta. Mu: Lobo RA, Gershenson DM, Lentz GM, Valea FA, olemba. Gynecology Yambiri. Wachisanu ndi chiwiri. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: mutu 10.

Phillips BB. Mfundo zazikuluzikulu za arthroscopy. Mu: Azar FM, Beaty JH, Canale ST, eds. Opaleshoni ya Campbell. Wolemba 13. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: mutu 49.

Vargo JJ. Kukonzekera ndi zovuta za GI endoscopy. Mu: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ, olemba. Sleisenger ndi Fordtran's Mimba ndi Matenda a Chiwindi: Pathophysiology / Diagnosis / Management. 10th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 41.

Yung RC, Mwala wa PW. Mapeto a tracheobronchial endoscopy. Mu: Flint PW, Haughey BH, Lund V, et al, olemba. Cummings Otolaryngology: Opaleshoni ya Mutu & Khosi. Lachisanu ndi chimodzi. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: chap 72.