Kuyesa kwa pap

Pap kuyesa kuyesa khansa ya pachibelekero. Maselo omwe aphulika kutseguka kwa khomo pachibelekeropo amayang'aniridwa ndi microscope. Khomo lachiberekero ndilo gawo lotsika la chiberekero (chiberekero) lomwe limatsegukira kumtunda kwa nyini.

Kuyesaku nthawi zina kumatchedwa Pap smear.

Mumagona patebulo ndikuyika mapazi anu maphokoso. Wothandizira zaumoyo wanu amaika mokoma mtima chida chotchedwa speculum kumaliseche kuti atsegule pang'ono. Izi zimapangitsa wothandizirayo kuwona mkati mwa nyini ndi khomo lachiberekero.

Maselo amapukutidwa pang'onopang'ono kuchokera kumalekezero a chiberekero. Zitsanzo zamaselo zimatumizidwa ku labu kuti zikawunikidwe.

Uzani wothandizira wanu za mankhwala onse omwe mukumwa. Mankhwala ena oletsa kubereka omwe ali ndi estrogen kapena progestin angakhudze zotsatira za mayeso.

Komanso uuzeni omwe akukuthandizani ngati:

• Adakhala ndi mayeso achilendo a Pap
• Atha kukhala ndi pakati

MUSAMachite zotsatirazi kwa maola 24 musanayese:

• Douche (douching sayenera kuchitidwa)
• Kugonana
• Gwiritsani matamponi

Musayese kukonzekera mayeso anu a Pap mukakhala kuti mukusamba (mukusamba). Magazi atha kupangitsa zotsatira za mayeso a Pap kukhala zosalondola kwenikweni. Ngati mukutuluka magazi mosayembekezereka, musaletse mayeso anu. Wothandizira anu adzawona ngati mayeso a Pap angathe kuchitidwabe.

Thirani chikhodzodzo chanu mayeso anu asanayesedwe.

Kuyesedwa kwa Pap kumabweretsa mavuto ambiri kwa azimayi ambiri. Zitha kuyambitsa mavuto ena, ofanana ndi kusamba kwa msambo. Muthanso kumva kukakamizidwa panthawi yamayeso.

Mutha kutuluka magazi pang'ono mutayesedwa.

Kuyesa kwa Pap ndiko kuyesa kwa khansa ya pachibelekero. Khansa yambiri ya khomo lachiberekero imatha kupezeka msanga ngati mayi ali ndi mayeso a Pap.

Kuwunika kuyenera kuyamba ali ndi zaka 21.

Pambuyo poyesa koyamba:

• Muyenera kuyezetsa Pap zaka zitatu zilizonse kuti muone ngati muli ndi khansa ya pachibelekero.
• Ngati muli ndi zaka zopitilira 30 ndipo muli ndi kuyezetsa kwa HPV, ndipo mayeso a Pap ndi HPV siabwino, mutha kuyesedwa zaka zisanu zilizonse. HPV (human papillomavirus) ndi kachilombo kamene kamayambitsa zilonda zoberekera ndi khansa ya pachibelekero.
• Amayi ambiri amatha kusiya kuyezetsa Pap atakwanitsa zaka 65 mpaka 70 bola atakhala ndi mayeso atatu olakwika mzaka 10 zapitazi.

Simungafunike kuyezetsa Pap ngati mwakhala mukuchotsa chiberekero chonse (chiberekero ndi khomo pachibelekeropo) ndipo simunayesedwe Pap, nthenda ya khomo lachiberekero, kapena khansa ina ya m'chiuno. Kambiranani izi ndi omwe akukuthandizani.

Zotsatira zabwinobwino zikutanthauza kuti palibe maselo abwinobwino omwe alipo. Kuyesedwa kwa Pap sikolondola 100%. Khansara ya chiberekero imatha kusowa nthawi zingapo. Nthawi zambiri, khansa ya pachibelekero imayamba pang'onopang'ono, ndipo zotsatira za mayeso a Pap ayenera kupeza zosintha munthawi yoti akuchiritsidwe.

Zotsatira zachilendo zimagawidwa motere:

ASCUS kapena AGUS:

• Zotsatira izi zikutanthauza kuti pali maselo amtundu wina, koma sizikudziwika kapena sizikudziwika tanthauzo la kusinthaku.
• Zosinthazi zitha kukhala chifukwa cha HPV.
• Zitha kukhala chifukwa chakutupa kwazifukwa zosadziwika.
• Zitha kukhala chifukwa chakusowa kwa estrogen monga zimachitikira pakutha.
  
• Angatanthauzenso kuti pali zosintha zomwe zingayambitse khansa.
• Maselowa amatha kukhala othamanga ndipo amatha kubwera kuchokera kunja kwa khomo lachiberekero kapena mkati mwa chiberekero.

DYSPLASIA WOKWERENGA (LSIL) KAPENA DYSPLASIA WAKWAMBIRI (HSIL):

• Izi zikutanthauza kuti kusintha komwe kungayambitse khansa kulipo.
• Chiwopsezo chakukula kwa khansa ya pachibelekero ndi chachikulu ndi HSIL.

CARCINOMA KU SITU (CIS):

• Zotsatira izi nthawi zambiri zimatanthauza kuti kusintha kosazolowereka kumatha kubweretsa khansa ya pachibelekero ngati sanalandire chithandizo

MASELO OGWIRITSA NTCHITO OTHANDIZA (ASC):

• Zosintha zachilendo zapezeka ndipo mwina ndi HSIL

MASELO OGWIRITSA NTCHITO OTHANDIZA (AGC):

• Kusintha kwama cell komwe kumayambitsa khansa kumawonekera kumtunda kwa khomo lachiberekero kapena mkati mwa chiberekero.

Pomwe mayeso a Pap akuwonetsa kusintha kosazolowereka, kuyesereranso kapena kutsata kumafunika. Gawo lotsatira limadalira zotsatira za kuyesa kwa Pap, mbiri yanu yakale yamayeso a Pap, ndi zoopsa zomwe mungakhale nazo pa khansa ya pachibelekero.

Zosintha zazing'ono zazing'ono, operekera amalangiza mayeso ena a Pap kapena kubwereza kuyesa kwa HPV m'miyezi 6 mpaka 12.

Kuyezetsa kapena kutsatira mankhwala kungaphatikizepo:

• Coloposcopy-Directed Biopsy - Colposcopy ndi njira yomwe khomo lachiberekero limakwezedwa ndi chida chaching'ono chotchedwa colposcope. Ma biopsies ang'onoang'ono amapezeka nthawi zambiri pozindikira kukula kwa vutoli.
• Kuyesedwa kwa HPV kuti muwone ngati kuli mitundu ya virus ya HPV yomwe imatha kuyambitsa khansa.
• Mitsempha ya chiberekero.
• Chisokonezo.

Kuyesa kwa Papanicolaou; Pap kutsitsi; Kuyeza khansa ya pachibelekero - Kuyesedwa kwa Pap; Khomo lachiberekero intraepithelial neoplasia - Pap; CIN - Pap; Kusintha kwa khomo pachibelekeropo - Pap; Khansa ya pachibelekero - Pap; Squamous intraepithelial lesion - Pap; LSIL - Pap; HSIL - Pap; Pap wotsika pang'ono; Pap wapamwamba; Carcinoma in situ - Pap; CIS - Pap; ASCUS - Pap; Maselo amtundu wa atypical - Pap; AGUS - Pap; Maselo osokoneza bongo - Pap; HPV - Pap; Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a papilloma - Chiberekero cha Pap - Pap; Colposcopy - Pap

• Matupi achikazi oberekera
• Pap kupaka
• Chiberekero
• Kukokoloka kwa chiberekero

American College of Obstetricians ndi Gynecologists. Yesetsani nkhani ya no. 140: kasamalidwe ka zotsatira zachilendo zakuyesa khansa ya pachibelekero komanso otsogolera khansa ya pachibelekero. (Zatsimikizika 2018) Gynecol Woletsa. 2013; 122 (6): 1338-1367. PMID: 24264713 pubed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24264713/.

American College of Obstetricians ndi Gynecologists. Yesetsani nkhani ya no. 157: kuyezetsa ndi kupewa khansa ya pachibelekero. Gynecol Woletsa. 2016; 127 (1): e1-e20. PMID: 26695583 pubed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26695583/.

American College of Obstetricians ndi tsamba la Gynecologists. Chitani upangiri: kuyezetsa khansa ya pachibelekero (zosintha). Ogasiti 29, 2018. www.acog.org/Clinical-Guidance-and-Publications/Practice-Advisories/Practice-Advisory-Cervical-Cancer-Screening-Update. Idasindikizidwa pa Ogasiti 29, 2018. Yatsimikizidwanso Novembala 8, 2019. Idapezeka pa Marichi 17, 2020.

Newkirk GR. Pap smear ndi njira zina zowunikira khansa ya pachibelekero. Mu: Fowler GC, mkonzi. Njira za Pfenninger ndi Fowler Zoyang'anira Poyamba. Wolemba 4. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 120.

Salcedo MP, Baker ES, Schmeler KM. Intraepithelial neoplasia ya m'munsi maliseche (chiberekero, nyini, maliseche): etiology, kuwunika, kuzindikira, kuwongolera. Mu: Lobo RA, Gershenson DM, Lentz GM, Valea FA, olemba. Gynecology Yambiri. Wachisanu ndi chiwiri. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: mutu 28.

Saslow D, Solomon D, Lawson HW, ndi al. American Cancer Society, American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology, ndi American Society for Clinical Pathology zowunikira malangizo oletsa kupewa ndi kuzindikira msanga khansa ya pachibelekero. CA Khansa J Clin. 2012; 62 (3): 147-172. PMID: 22422631 pubed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22422631. (Adasankhidwa)

Tsamba la US Preventive Services Task Force. Ndemanga yomaliza. Khansa ya pachibelekero: kuwunika. www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/cervical-cancer-screening. Idasinthidwa pa Ogasiti 21, 2018. Idapezeka pa Januware 22, 2020.