Kuika kwa fecal microbiota

Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) imathandizira m'malo mwa mabakiteriya "oyipa" am'matumbo anu ndi mabakiteriya "abwino". Njirayi imathandizira kubwezeretsa mabakiteriya abwino omwe aphedwa kapena ochepa chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito maantibayotiki. Kubwezeretsa izi mu colon kumapangitsa kukhala kosavuta kulimbana ndi matenda.

FMT imaphatikizapo kusonkhanitsa chopondapo kuchokera kwa wopereka wathanzi. Wothandizira zaumoyo wanu adzakufunsani kuti mupeze woperekayo. Anthu ambiri amasankha wachibale kapena mnzake wapamtima. Woperekayo sayenera kuti adagwiritsa ntchito maantibayotiki masiku awiri kapena atatu apitawa. Adzawunikidwa ngati ali ndi matenda aliwonse m'magazi kapena chopondapo.

Akasonkhanitsidwa, chopondapo cha operekayo chimasakanizidwa ndi madzi amchere ndi kusefedwa. Chosakanikiracho chimasamutsidwa m'matumbo anu (colon) kudzera mu chubu chomwe chimadutsa mu colonoscope (chubu chofewa, chosinthika chokhala ndi kamera yaying'ono). Mabakiteriya abwino amathanso kulowa m'thupi kudzera mu chubu chomwe chimalowa m'mimba kudzera pakamwa. Njira inanso ndikumeza kapisozi kamene kali ndi chopondapo chopereka chouma.

Matumbo akulu ali ndi mabakiteriya ambiri. Mabakiteriyawa omwe amakhala m'matumbo anu ndi ofunikira pa thanzi lanu, ndipo amakula moyenera.

Mmodzi mwa mabakiteriyawa amatchedwa Clostridioides amakhala (C chosiyana). Pang'ono, sizimayambitsa mavuto.

• Komabe, ngati munthu amalandira mankhwala opha mobwerezabwereza kapena ochulukirapo kuti atenge matenda kwina kulikonse mthupi, mabakiteriya ambiri am'mimba amatha. Mabakiteriya amakula ndi kumasula poizoni.
• Zotsatira zake zitha kukhala kuti C kusiyanasiyana.
• Poizoniyu amachititsa kuti matumbo a m'mimba azitupa komanso kutupa, ndikupangitsa malungo, kutsegula m'mimba, komanso kutuluka magazi.

Maantibayotiki ena nthawi zina amatha kubweretsa C kusiyanasiyana mabakiteriya omwe akuyang'aniridwa. Ngati izi sizikuyenda bwino, FMT imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwa C kusiyanasiyana ndi mabakiteriya "abwino" ndikubwezeretsanso bwino.

FMT itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kuthana ndi zinthu monga:

• Matenda okhumudwitsa
• Matenda a Crohn
• Kudzimbidwa
• Zilonda zam'mimba

Kuchiza kwa zinthu zina kupatula kubwereza C kusiyanasiyana colitis amaonedwa ngati oyesera pakadali pano ndipo sagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kapena amadziwika kuti ndi othandiza.

Zowopsa za FMT zitha kuphatikizira izi:

• Zomwe zimachitika ndi mankhwala omwe mumapatsidwa panthawiyi
• Kutuluka magazi kwakukulu kapena kosalekeza panthawiyi
• Mavuto opumira
• Kufalikira kwa matenda kuchokera kwa woperekayo (ngati woperekayo sanayesedwe bwino, zomwe ndizosowa)
• Matenda nthawi ya colonoscopy (osowa kwambiri)
• Kuundana kwamagazi (kosowa kwambiri)

Woperekayo atha kumwa mankhwala otsegulitsa m'mimba usiku wotsatira ndondomekoyi kuti athe kuyendetsa matumbo m'mawa mwake. Adzatolera chopondapo mu chikho choyera ndikubwera nacho tsiku la njirayi.

Lankhulani ndi omwe akukuthandizani za chifuwa chilichonse ndi mankhwala omwe mukumwa. Osasiya kumwa mankhwala osalankhula ndi omwe akukuthandizani. Muyenera kusiya kumwa maantibayotiki kwa masiku awiri kapena atatu musanachitike.

Mungafunike kutsatira zakumwa zamadzimadzi. Mutha kupemphedwa kumwa zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi usiku wotsatira ndondomekoyi. Muyenera kukonzekera colonoscopy usiku wa FMT isanachitike. Dokotala wanu adzakupatsani malangizo.

Ndondomekoyi isanachitike, mudzapatsidwa mankhwala oti akugonetseni kuti musamve kusowa mtendere kapena kukumbukira mayeso.

Mudzagona pambali panu pafupifupi maola awiri pambuyo pa njirayi ndi yankho m'matumbo mwanu. Mutha kupatsidwa loperamide (Imodium) kuti ikuthandizeni kuchepetsa matumbo anu kuti yankho likhalepo panthawiyi.

Mudzapita kwanu tsiku lomwelo lamachitidwe mukadutsa chophatikizira chopondapo. Muyenera kukwera kwanu, onetsetsani kuti mwakonzekera pasadakhale. Muyenera kupewa kuyendetsa galimoto, kumwa mowa, kapena kukweza kwambiri.

Mutha kukhala ndi malungo otsika kwambiri usiku wotsatira ndondomekoyi. Mutha kukhala ndi zotupa, mpweya, kukhathamira, ndi kudzimbidwa kwamasiku ochepa mutatha kuchita izi.

Wopezayo amakulangizani zamtundu wa zakudya ndi mankhwala omwe muyenera kumwa mukamatsata.

Mankhwala opulumutsa moyowa ndiotetezeka kwambiri, ogwira ntchito komanso otsika mtengo. FMT imathandiza pobwezeretsa zinyalala zachilengedwe kudzera pamipando ya omwe amapereka. Izi zimathandizanso kuti thupi lanu liziyenda bwino komanso thanzi lanu.

Fecal bacteriotherapy; Chopondapo kumuika; Kumuika ndowe; C. difficile colitis - kumuika chimbudzi; Clostridium difficile - kumuika chimbudzi; Clostridioides difficile - kumuika chimbudzi; Pseudomembranous colitis - kumuika ndowe

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Rao K, Safdar N. Fecal microbiota kumuika kuchiza matenda a Clostridium difficile. J Hosp Med. 2016; 11 (1): 56-61. PMID: 26344412 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26344412. (Adasankhidwa)

Schneider A, Maric L. Fecal microbiota kumuika ngati mankhwala opatsirana. Mu: Shen B, mkonzi. Matenda Opatsirana Opatsirana. San Diego, CA: Elsevier Academic Press; 2018: mutu 28.

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