Mlembi: Eugene Taylor
Tsiku La Chilengedwe: 16 Ogasiti 2021
Sinthani Tsiku: 17 Novembala 2024
Anonim
Acidosis and Alkalosis MADE EASY
Kanema: Acidosis and Alkalosis MADE EASY

Zamkati

Kodi acidosis ndi chiyani?

Pamene madzi amthupi mwanu ali ndi asidi wambiri, amadziwika kuti acidosis. Acidosis imachitika pamene impso ndi mapapo anu sangathe kusunga pH ya thupi lanu. Njira zambiri zamthupi zimatulutsa asidi. Mapapu anu ndi impso zimatha kulipiritsa kusamvana pang'ono kwa pH, koma zovuta ndi ziwalozi zimatha kubweretsa kuchuluka kwa asidi mthupi lanu.

Acidity ya magazi anu imayesedwa pozindikira pH yake. PH yocheperako imatanthauza kuti magazi anu ndi acidic, pomwe pH yayikulu imatanthauza kuti magazi anu ndiofunikira kwambiri. PH yamagazi anu iyenera kukhala pafupifupi 7.4. Malinga ndi American Association for Clinical Chemistry (AACC), acidosis imadziwika ndi pH ya 7.35 kapena kutsika. Alkalosis imadziwika ndi pH mulingo wa 7.45 kapena kupitilira apo. Ngakhale zikuwoneka zazing'ono, kusiyanasiyana kwa manambala kumatha kukhala kwakukulu. Acidosis imatha kubweretsa mavuto ambiri azaumoyo, ndipo imatha kuwopseza moyo.

Zimayambitsa acidosis

Pali mitundu iwiri ya acidosis, iliyonse ili ndi zifukwa zosiyanasiyana. Mtundu wa acidosis umagawidwa ngati kupuma acidosis kapena metabolic acidosis, kutengera chifukwa chachikulu cha acidosis yanu.


Kupuma acidosis

Kupuma acidosis kumachitika CO2 ikamakula mthupi. Nthawi zambiri, mapapu amachotsa CO2 mukamapuma. Komabe, nthawi zina thupi lanu silingathe kuchotsa CO2 yokwanira. Izi zitha kuchitika chifukwa cha:

  • Matenda apansi, monga mphumu
  • kuvulala pachifuwa
  • kunenepa kwambiri, komwe kumapangitsa kupuma kukhala kovuta
  • kugwiritsira ntchito molakwa
  • kumwa mowa mopitirira muyeso
  • kufooka kwa minofu pachifuwa
  • mavuto amanjenje
  • kapangidwe kolimba pachifuwa

Matenda a acidosis

Metabolic acidosis imayamba mu impso m'malo mwa mapapo. Zimachitika pamene sangathe kuchotsa asidi wokwanira kapena akachotsa maziko ambiri. Pali mitundu itatu yayikulu ya metabolic acidosis:

  • Ashuga acidosis amapezeka mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga omwe samayendetsedwa bwino. Ngati thupi lanu lilibe insulin yokwanira, ma ketoni amalowa mthupi lanu ndikupangitsa magazi anu kukhala acid.
  • Hyperchloremic acidosis zotsatira za kutayika kwa sodium bicarbonate. Maziko awa amathandiza kuti magazi asatenge mbali. Kutsekula m'mimba komanso kusanza kumatha kuyambitsa mtundu wa acidosis.
  • Lactic acidosis zimachitika pamene pali lactic acid wambiri m'thupi lanu. Zomwe zimayambitsa zimatha kuphatikizira kumwa mowa mopitirira muyeso, kulephera kwa mtima, khansa, kugwa, chiwindi kulephera, kusowa kwa mpweya wautali, komanso shuga wotsika magazi. Ngakhale kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwa nthawi yayitali kumatha kuyambitsa mkaka wa lactic acid.
  • Aimpso tubular acidosis zimachitika pamene impso zimalephera kutulutsa zidulo mkodzo. Izi zimapangitsa magazi kukhala acidic.

Zowopsa

Zinthu zomwe zingayambitse chiopsezo chanu cha acidosis ndi izi:


  • chakudya chamafuta ambiri chomwe chimakhala ndi chakudya chochepa
  • impso kulephera
  • kunenepa kwambiri
  • kusowa kwa madzi m'thupi
  • aspirin kapena poizoni wa methanol
  • matenda ashuga

Zizindikiro za acidosis

Onse kupuma ndi kagayidwe kachakudya acidosis amagawana zizindikiro zambiri. Komabe, zizindikiro za acidosis zimasiyana kutengera zomwe zimayambitsa.

Kupuma acidosis

Zina mwazizindikiro za kupuma kwa acidosis ndi izi:

  • kutopa kapena kusinza
  • kutopa mosavuta
  • chisokonezo
  • kupuma movutikira
  • kugona
  • mutu

Matenda a acidosis

Zina mwazizindikiro za kagayidwe kachakudya acidosis ndi izi:

  • kufulumira komanso kupuma pang'ono
  • chisokonezo
  • kutopa
  • mutu
  • kugona
  • kusowa njala
  • jaundice
  • kuchuluka kwa kugunda kwa mtima
  • mpweya womwe umanunkhira zipatso, chomwe ndi chizindikiro cha matenda ashuga acidosis (ketoacidosis)

Mayeso ndi matenda

Ngati mukuganiza kuti mutha kukhala ndi acidosis, pitani kwa dokotala mwachangu. Kupezeka koyambirira kumatha kukupangitsani kuti musinthe.


Madokotala amatenga acidosis ndimayeso angapo amwazi. Mpweya wamagazi wamagazi umayang'ana kuchuluka kwa mpweya ndi mpweya woipa m'magazi anu. Ikuwonetsanso magazi anu pH. Gawo loyambira lamagetsi limayang'ana momwe impso zanu zimagwirira ntchito komanso kuchuluka kwa pH yanu. Ikuyezanso calcium yanu, protein, shuga wamagazi, ndi ma electrolyte. Ngati mayesowa atengedwa limodzi, amatha kuzindikira mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya acidosis.

Ngati mwapezeka kuti muli ndi acidosis yopuma, dokotala wanu adzafuna kuwona momwe mapapu anu alili athanzi. Izi zitha kuphatikizira kuyesa X-ray pachifuwa kapena kuyesa m'mapapo mwanga.

Ngati mukukayikira kuti metabolic acidosis, muyenera kupereka mkodzo. Madokotala adzafufuza pH kuti awone ngati mukuchotseratu zidulo ndi maziko. Mayeso owonjezera angafunike kuti mudziwe chomwe chimayambitsa acidosis yanu.

Chithandizo cha acidosis

Madokotala nthawi zambiri amafunika kudziwa zomwe zimayambitsa acidosis yanu kuti adziwe momwe angachiritsire. Komabe, mankhwala ena atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamtundu uliwonse wa acidosis. Mwachitsanzo, dokotala wanu akhoza kukupatsani sodium bicarbonate (soda) kuti mukulitse pH yamagazi anu. Izi zitha kuchitika pakamwa kapena polowerera mtsempha (IV). Chithandizo cha mitundu ina ya acidosis chitha kuphatikizira kuchiza chifukwa chawo.

Kupuma acidosis

Mankhwala amtunduwu nthawi zambiri amapangidwa kuti athandize mapapu anu. Mwachitsanzo, mutha kupatsidwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Muthanso kupatsidwa oxygen kapena chida chopitilira mpweya wabwino (CPAP). Chida cha CPAP chimatha kukuthandizani kupuma ngati muli ndi vuto lozungulira kapena kufooka kwa minofu.

Matenda a acidosis

Mitundu yapadera ya kagayidwe kachakudya acidosis iliyonse imakhala ndi chithandizo chake. Anthu omwe ali ndi hyperchloremic acidosis amatha kupatsidwa mankhwala a sodium bicarbonate. Acidosis yolephera impso itha kuchiritsidwa ndi sodium citrate. Odwala matenda ashuga omwe ali ndi ketoacidosis amalandila madzi amtundu wa IV ndi insulin kuti athe kuchepetsa pH yawo. Mankhwala a Lactic acidosis atha kuphatikizira zowonjezera bicarbonate, madzi a IV, oxygen, kapena maantibayotiki, kutengera chifukwa.

Zovuta

Popanda chithandizo mwachangu, acidosis imatha kubweretsa zovuta zotsatirazi:

  • impso miyala
  • mavuto a impso
  • impso kulephera
  • matenda amfupa
  • kukula kochedwa

Kupewa kwa acidosis

Simungapewe kwathunthu acidosis. Komabe, pali zinthu zina zomwe mungachite kuti muchepetse chiopsezo chanu.

Kupuma acidosis

Mutha kuchita izi kuti muchepetse chiopsezo cha kupuma kwa acidosis:

  • Tengani mankhwala ozunguza bongo monga mwauzidwa ndipo musawasakanize ndi mowa.
  • Lekani kusuta. Kusuta kumawononga mapapu anu ndikupangitsa kupuma kukhala kovuta.
  • Pitirizani kulemera bwino. Kunenepa kwambiri kungakupangitseni kukhala kovuta kuti mupume.

Matenda a acidosis

Mutha kuchita izi kuti muchepetse vuto lanu la metabolic acidosis:

  • Khalani hydrated. Imwani madzi ambiri ndi madzi ena.
  • Samalani ndi matenda anu ashuga. Ngati mutha kuyendetsa bwino magazi anu, mutha kupewa ketoacidosis.
  • Siyani kumwa mowa. Kumwa mopitirira muyeso kumatha kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa lactic acid.

Maganizo a acidosis

Anthu ena amachira kwathunthu ku acidosis. Anthu ena ali ndi vuto la ziwalo, kupuma, komanso impso. Kuchuluka kwa acidosis kumatha kudabwitsa kapena kufa kumene.

Momwe mumachira bwino ku acidosis zimadalira chifukwa chake. Mofulumira, chithandizo choyenera chimakhudzanso kuchira kwanu.

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