Achromatopsia (khungu khungu): ndi chiyani, momwe mungazindikirire ndi choti muchite

Zamkati

• Zizindikiro zazikulu
• Zomwe zingayambitse achromatopsia
• Momwe matendawa amapangidwira
• Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Khungu khungu, lodziwika ndi sayansi monga achromatopsia, ndikusintha kwa diso komwe kumatha kuchitika mwa amuna ndi akazi ndipo zomwe zimayambitsa zizindikilo monga kuchepa kwa masomphenya, kuzindikira kwambiri kuwala ndikuvuta kuwona mitundu.

Mosiyana ndi khungu losawoneka bwino, momwe munthu sangathe kusiyanitsa mitundu ina, achromatopsia imatha kuletsa kuyang'anitsitsa mitundu ina kupatula yakuda, yoyera ndi mitundu ina yaimvi, chifukwa chakulephera komwe kumakhalapo m'maselo omwe amasintha kuwala ndi mawonekedwe amtundu, otchedwa cones.

Nthawi zambiri, khungu losawoneka limakhalapo kuyambira pomwe mwana adabadwa, chifukwa choyambitsa chake chachikulu chimakhala kusintha kwa majini, komabe, nthawi zina, achromatopsia amathanso kupezeka atakula chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwaubongo, monga zotupa, mwachitsanzo.

Ngakhale achromatopsia ilibe mankhwala, a ophthalmologist amatha kulangiza chithandizo pogwiritsa ntchito magalasi apadera omwe amathandizira kukonza masomphenya ndikuchepetsa zizindikilo.

Zizindikiro zazikulu

Nthawi zambiri, zizindikilo zimayamba kuwoneka m'masabata oyamba amoyo, kuwonekera kwambiri ndikukula kwa mwanayo. Zina mwa zizindikirozi ndi monga:

• Zovuta kuti mutsegule maso masana kapena m'malo okhala ndi kuwala kochuluka;
• Kutetemera kwa diso ndi kusuntha;
• Kuvuta kuwona;
• Kuvuta kuphunzira kapena kusiyanitsa mitundu;
• Masomphenya akuda ndi oyera.

Nthawi zovuta kwambiri, kuyenda kwamaso mwachangu kumatha kuchitika mbali ndi mbali.

Nthawi zina, matendawa amatha kukhala ovuta chifukwa munthuyo sangadziwe momwe alili ndipo sangapite kuchipatala. Kwa ana zimakhala zosavuta kuzindikira achromatopsia akakhala ndi zovuta kuphunzira mitundu kusukulu.

Zomwe zingayambitse achromatopsia

Choyambitsa chachikulu cha khungu khungu ndikusintha kwa majini komwe kumalepheretsa kukula kwa maselo, amdiso, omwe amalola kuyang'anira mitundu, yotchedwa ma cones. Mitsempha ikakhudzidwa kwathunthu, achromatopsia yatha ndipo, panthawiyi, imangowoneka yakuda ndi yoyera, komabe, kusintha kwa ma cones kumakhala kovuta kwambiri, masomphenyawo amatha kukhudzidwa komabe amalola kusiyanitsa mitundu ina, kutchedwa achromatopsia pang'ono.

Chifukwa chimayambitsidwa ndi kusintha kwa majini, matendawa amatha kuchokera kwa makolo kupita kwa ana, pokhapokha ngati pali zovuta za achromatopsia m'banja la abambo kapena amayi, ngakhale atakhala kuti alibe matendawa.

Kuphatikiza pa kusintha kwa majini, palinso zovuta zakhungu zomwe zimachitika munthu atakula chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa ubongo, monga zotupa kapena kumwa mankhwala otchedwa hydroxychloroquine, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu matenda a rheumatic.

Momwe matendawa amapangidwira

Matendawa nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi a ophthalmologist kapena adotolo, pongowona zizindikiro ndi kuyesa mitundu. Komabe, pangafunike kuyesa mayeso, otchedwa electroretinography, omwe amakupatsani mwayi wowunika momwe magetsi amagwirira ntchito, kuti muwulule ngati ma cones akugwira bwino ntchito.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Pakadali pano, matendawa alibe chithandizo chamankhwala, chifukwa chake cholinga chake ndichotsitsimutsa zizindikilo, zomwe zitha kuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito magalasi apadera okhala ndi magalasi amdima omwe amathandizira kukonza masomphenya ndikuchepa kwa kuwala, kukulitsa chidwi.

Kuphatikiza apo, tikulimbikitsidwa kuvala chipewa mumsewu kuti muchepetse kuwala pamaso ndikupewa zochitika zomwe zimafunikira kuwoneka bwino, chifukwa amatha kutopa msanga ndikupangitsa kukhumudwa.

Kulola kuti mwana akhale ndi chidziwitso chabwinobwino, ndikofunikira kuti adziwitse aphunzitsi zavutoli, kuti nthawi zonse azikhala kutsogolo ndi kupereka zinthu ndi zilembo zazikulu ndi manambala, mwachitsanzo.