Agoraphobia

Zamkati

• Kodi Zizindikiro za Agoraphobia Ndi Ziti?
• Nchiyani Chimayambitsa Agoraphobia?
• Kodi Agoraphobia Amadziwika Bwanji?
• Kodi Agoraphobia Amayang'aniridwa Bwanji?
• Chithandizo
• Kuchiza matenda
• Chidziwitso Chachikhalidwe (CBT)
• Thandizo Langa
• Mankhwala
• Kusintha Kwamoyo
• Kodi Maganizo Ndi Anthu Otani A Agoraphobia?

Kodi Agoraphobia Ndi Chiyani?

Agoraphobia ndi mtundu wamavuto omwe amachititsa anthu kupewa malo ndi zochitika zomwe zingawachititse kumva:

• ogwidwa
• wopanda thandizo
• anachita mantha
• manyazi
• wamantha

Anthu omwe ali ndi agoraphobia nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi zizindikilo za mantha, monga kugunda kwamtima mwachangu ndi mseru, akakhala pamavuto. Angakhalenso ndi zizindikirozi asanalowe ngakhale muzoopa. Nthawi zina, vutoli limatha kukhala lalikulu kwambiri kwakuti anthu amapewa kuchita zinthu za tsiku ndi tsiku, monga kupita kubanki kapena golosale, ndikukhala m'nyumba zawo nthawi yayitali.

National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) ikuyerekeza kuti 0.8% ya achikulire aku America ali ndi agoraphobia. Pafupifupi 40 peresenti yamilandu imawonedwa ngati yayikulu. Vutoli likapita patsogolo, agoraphobia imatha kukhala yopundula kwambiri. Anthu omwe ali ndi agoraphobia nthawi zambiri amazindikira kuti mantha awo ndi opanda nzeru, koma sangathe kuchita chilichonse. Izi zitha kusokoneza ubale wawo ndi magwiridwe antchito kuntchito kapena kusukulu.

Ngati mukukayikira kuti muli ndi agoraphobia, ndikofunikira kulandira chithandizo mwachangu. Chithandizo chingakuthandizeni kusamalira zizindikiritso zanu ndikukhalitsa moyo wabwino. Kutengera kukula kwa matenda anu, chithandizo chitha kukhala ndi mankhwala, mankhwala, komanso njira zochiritsira moyo.

Kodi Zizindikiro za Agoraphobia Ndi Ziti?

Anthu omwe ali ndi agoraphobia nthawi zambiri amakhala:

• akuopa kuchoka panyumba kwa nthawi yayitali
• kuwopa kukhala ndekha munthawi yamakhalidwe
• kuwopa kutaya mphamvu pagulu
• kuwopa kukhala m'malo omwe kumakhala kovuta kuthawa, monga galimoto kapena chikepe
• Kutalikirana kapena kupatukana ndi ena
• kuda nkhawa kapena kukwiya

Agoraphobia nthawi zambiri imagwirizana ndi mantha. Zowopsa ndizizindikiro zingapo zomwe nthawi zina zimachitika mwa anthu omwe ali ndi nkhawa komanso matenda ena amisala. Kuopsa kumatha kukhala ndi zizindikilo zowopsa zingapo, monga:

• kupweteka pachifuwa
• mtima wothamanga
• kupuma movutikira
• chizungulire
• kunjenjemera
• kutsamwa
• thukuta
• kutentha
• kuzizira
• nseru
• kutsegula m'mimba
• dzanzi
• kumva kulira

Anthu omwe ali ndi agoraphobia amatha kuchita mantha nthawi zonse akamakumana ndi zovuta kapena zosasangalatsa, zomwe zimawonjezera mantha awo okhala m'malo ovuta.

Nchiyani Chimayambitsa Agoraphobia?

Zomwe zimayambitsa agoraphobia sizikudziwika. Komabe, pali zinthu zingapo zomwe zimadziwika kuti zimawonjezera chiopsezo chanu chokhala ndi agoraphobia. Izi zikuphatikiza kukhala ndi:

• kukhumudwa
• phobias ena, monga claustrophobia ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu
• mtundu wina wamatenda amisala, monga matenda amisala wamba kapena matenda osokoneza bongo
• mbiri yakuzunzidwa kapena kugwiriridwa
• vuto la kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo
• mbiri ya banja la agoraphobia

Agoraphobia imadziwikanso kwambiri mwa azimayi kuposa amuna. Nthawi zambiri zimayamba ukamakula, pomwe zaka 20 zimakhala zaka zoyambira. Komabe, zizindikilo za vutoli zitha kutuluka msinkhu uliwonse.

Kodi Agoraphobia Amadziwika Bwanji?

Agoraphobia imapezeka chifukwa cha zizindikilo ndi zizindikilo. Dokotala wanu adzakufunsani za zizindikilo zanu, kuphatikiza pomwe adayamba komanso kuti mumakumana nazo kangati.Afunsanso mafunso okhudzana ndi mbiri yanu yazachipatala komanso mbiri ya banja lanu. Amathanso kuyesa magazi kuti athetse zomwe zimayambitsa matenda anu.

Kuti mupezeke ndi agoraphobia, zizindikilo zanu ziyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira zomwe zalembedwa mu American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder (DSM). DSM ndi buku lomwe nthawi zambiri limagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi othandizira azaumoyo kuti azindikire matenda amisala.

Muyenera kukhala ndi mantha kapena nkhawa muzambiri mwazinthu izi kuti mupezeke ndi agoraphobia:

• kugwiritsa ntchito zoyendera pagulu, monga sitima kapena basi
• kukhala m'malo otseguka, monga sitolo kapena malo oimikapo magalimoto
• kukhala m'malo otsekedwa, monga chikepe kapena galimoto
• kukhala pagulu la anthu
• kukhala kutali ndi kwawo wekha

Palinso njira zina zowunikira matenda amantha ndi agoraphobia. Muyenera kukhala ndi mantha obwerezabwereza, ndipo kuwopsa kumodzi kuyenera kuti kunatsatiridwa ndi:

• mantha owopsa
• kuwopa zotsatira za mantha, monga kudwala mtima kapena kulephera kuugwira mtima
• kusintha kwamakhalidwe anu chifukwa cha mantha

Simudzapezeka ndi agoraphobia ngati zizindikiro zanu zimayambitsidwa ndi matenda ena. Sangayambitsenso chifukwa chomwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena matenda ena.

Kodi Agoraphobia Amayang'aniridwa Bwanji?

Pali mitundu ingapo yamatenda osiyanasiyana a agoraphobia. Muyenera kuti mudzasowa njira zingapo zothandizira.

Chithandizo

Kuchiza matenda

Psychotherapy, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti chithandizo chamawu, imaphatikizapo kukumana ndi othandizira kapena akatswiri azachipatala pafupipafupi. Izi zimakupatsani mpata wolankhula za mantha anu ndi zina zomwe mwina zikuthandizira mantha anu. Psychotherapy nthawi zambiri imaphatikizidwa ndi mankhwala othandizira kuchita bwino kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri ndimankhwala ochepera nthawi yayitali omwe amatha kuyimitsidwa mukatha kuthana ndi mantha anu komanso nkhawa.

Chidziwitso Chachikhalidwe (CBT)

Chidziwitso chamakhalidwe (CBT) ndiye njira yodziwika bwino kwambiri yothandizira odwala omwe ali ndi agoraphobia. CBT ikhoza kukuthandizani kumvetsetsa malingaliro ndi malingaliro olakwika omwe akukhudzana ndi agoraphobia. Ikhozanso kukuphunzitsani momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito zovuta ndikupanga malingaliro osokonekera ndi malingaliro athanzi, kukulolani kuti mupezenso mphamvu m'moyo wanu.

Thandizo Langa

Chithandizo chakuwonetseranso chingakuthandizeninso kuthana ndi mantha anu. Mu mtundu uwu wamankhwala, mwachifatse komanso pang'onopang'ono mumakumana ndi zochitika kapena malo omwe mumawopa. Izi zitha kupangitsa mantha anu kuchepa pakapita nthawi.

Mankhwala

Mankhwala ena amatha kuthana ndi agoraphobia kapena mantha. Izi zikuphatikiza:

• serotonin reuptake inhibitors, monga paroxetine (Paxil) kapena fluoxetine (Prozac)
• serotonin ndi norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, monga venlafaxine (Effexor) kapena duloxetine (Cymbalta)
• tricyclic antidepressants, monga amitriptyline (Elavil) kapena nortriptyline (Pamelor)
• Mankhwala oletsa nkhawa, monga alprazolam (Xanax) kapena clonazepam (Klonopin)

Kusintha Kwamoyo

Kusintha kwa moyo wanu sikungathetsere agoraphobia, koma kungathandize kuchepetsa nkhawa zamasiku onse. Mungafune kuyesa:

• kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi kuti muwonjezere ntchito yopanga mankhwala amubongo omwe amakupangitsani kukhala achimwemwe komanso omasuka
• kudya chakudya chopatsa thanzi chomwe chimakhala ndi mbewu zonse, ndiwo zamasamba, ndi zomanga thupi kuti mumve bwino
• kuyeseza kusinkhasinkha tsiku lililonse kapena kupuma kozama kuti muchepetse nkhawa ndikulimbana ndi kuwopsa kwamantha

Mukamalandira chithandizo, ndibwino kuti mupewe kumwa zakudya zowonjezera komanso zitsamba. Mankhwala achilengedwe awa satsimikiziridwa kuti amachiza nkhawa, ndipo amatha kusokoneza mphamvu ya mankhwala oyenera.

Kodi Maganizo Ndi Anthu Otani A Agoraphobia?

Sikuti nthawi zonse zimatheka kupewa agoraphobia. Komabe, kuchiza msanga kwa nkhawa kapena mantha kumatha kuthandizira. Ndi chithandizo, muli ndi mwayi wokhala bwino. Chithandizo chimakhala chosavuta komanso chofulumira chikayambika koyambirira, chifukwa chake ngati mukukayikira kuti muli ndi agoraphobia, musazengereze kufunafuna thandizo. Matendawa amatha kufooketsa chifukwa amakulepheretsani kuchita nawo zatsiku ndi tsiku. Palibe mankhwala, koma chithandizo chitha kuthetsa mavuto anu ndikuwongolera moyo wanu.