Momwe Mungazindikire ndi Kuchita Zinthu Zosasangalatsa Ana

Zamkati

• Kodi khalidwe lodana ndiubwana ndi chiyani?
• Zowopsa zazikhalidwe zosagwirizana ndi ana
• Kodi zizindikiro zodana ndi ana ndi ziti?
• Khalidwe lodana ndi ana
• Kupewa machitidwe osagwirizana ndi anthu
• 1. Kupewa koyambirira
• 2. Kupewa kwachiwiri
• 3. Kupewa maphunziro apamwamba (chithandizo)
• Njira zothanirana ndi anzawo
• Masitepe otsatira

Ndi zachilendo kuti ana azisonyeza makhalidwe abwino akamakula. Ana ena amanama, ena amapanduka, ena amadzipatula. Ganizirani wanzeru wanzeru koma wolowerera kapena purezidenti wodziwika koma wopanduka.

Koma ana ena amakhala ndi mikhalidwe yambiri yosagwirizana ndi anzawo. Ndiwodana ndi osamvera. Amatha kuba ndikuwononga katundu. Akhoza kukhala otukwana kapena otukwana.

Khalidwe lotere nthawi zambiri limatanthauza kuti mwana wanu akuwonetsa zikhalidwe zosakonda kucheza ndi anthu. Khalidwe lodana ndi anthu limatha kuwongoleredwa, koma limatha kubweretsa mavuto akulu akulu munthu akapanda kuchiritsidwa. Ngati mukuda nkhawa kuti mwana wanu ali ndi zizolowezi zotsutsana, werengani kuti mudziwe zambiri.

Kodi khalidwe lodana ndiubwana ndi chiyani?

Khalidwe lodana ndi anthu limadziwika ndi:

• kupsa mtima
• kudana ndi olamulira
• chinyengo
• kunyoza

Mavuto amachitidwe awa nthawi zambiri amawonekera adakali ana komanso ali achinyamata, ndipo amapezeka kwambiri mwa anyamata.

Palibe zomwe zapezeka pano zomwe zikuwulula kuchuluka kwa ana omwe sakonda anzawo, koma kafukufuku wakale adayika chiwerengerocho pakati pa 4 ndi 6 miliyoni, ndikukula.

Zowopsa zazikhalidwe zosagwirizana ndi ana

Zowopsa pamakhalidwe osagwirizana ndi anthu ndi awa:

• sukulu ndi malo oyandikana nawo
• chibadwa ndi mbiri ya banja
• machitidwe osauka komanso oyipa olera
• moyo wachiwawa, wosakhazikika, kapena wosokoneza banja

Kutengeka komanso mavuto amitsempha amathanso kuyambitsa chikhalidwe chodana ndi anthu. Achinyamata omwe ali ndi vuto la kuchepa kwa chidwi (ADHD) amapezeka kuti ali ndi vuto lodana ndi anzawo.

Kodi zizindikiro zodana ndi ana ndi ziti?

Khalidwe lodana ndi anzawo nthawi zina limadziwika kwa ana azaka zitatu kapena zinayi, ndipo limatha kubweretsa china chowopsa ngati sichichiritsidwa asanakwanitse zaka 9, kapena giredi lachitatu.

Zizindikiro zomwe mwana wanu angawonetse ndi izi:

• kuchitira nkhanza nyama komanso anthu
• kunama ndi kuba
• kupanduka ndi kuphwanya malamulo
• kuwononga ndi kuwononga katundu wina
• upandu wosatha

Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti mchitidwe wosakonda kucheza ndi ana umalumikizidwa ndi mowa wambiri komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo muunyamata. Izi ndichifukwa chazomwe amagawana komanso chilengedwe.

Khalidwe lodana ndi ana

Mitundu yayikulu yamakhalidwe osagwirizana ndi anthu imatha kubweretsa zovuta, kapena matenda otsutsana ndi omwe amatsutsana. Ana osakonda kucheza nawo amathanso kusiya sukulu ndipo amakhala ndi vuto lokhala pantchito komanso kukhala ndi ubale wabwino.

Khalidweli litha kubweretsanso kusokonezeka kwamakhalidwe abwino mukamakula. Akuluakulu omwe ali ndi vuto lodana ndi anthu ambiri nthawi zambiri amawonetsa kusachita nawo zinthu zina komanso matenda ena azikhalidwe asanakwanitse zaka 15.

Zizindikiro zina zosavomerezeka pamakhalidwe monga:

• kusowa chikumbumtima komanso kumvera chisoni
• kunyalanyaza ndi kugwiritsa ntchito molakwa ulamuliro ndi ufulu wa anthu
• ndewu komanso zizolowezi zachiwawa
• kudzikuza
• kugwiritsa ntchito chithumwa ponyenga
• kusamva chisoni

Kupewa machitidwe osagwirizana ndi anthu

Kulowererapo koyambirira ndikofunikira popewa machitidwe osagwirizana ndi anthu. Center for Collaboration and Practice ikuwonetsa kuti masukulu apange ndikukwaniritsa njira zitatu zopewera.

1. Kupewa koyambirira

Izi zingaphatikizepo kuchita nawo ophunzira zochitika kusukulu zomwe zitha kuletsa machitidwe osagwirizana ndi anthu, monga:

• kuphunzitsa kuthetsa mikangano
• luso lotha kupsa mtima
• kuwerenga ndi kuwerenga

2. Kupewa kwachiwiri

Izi zikuwunikira ophunzira omwe ali pachiwopsezo chokhala ndi zikhalidwe zosagwirizana ndi anzawo ndikuchita nawo zinthu zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo:

• maphunziro apadera
• maphunziro ang'onoang'ono amisili yamagulu
• uphungu
• kulangiza

3. Kupewa maphunziro apamwamba (chithandizo)

Gawo lachitatu ndikupitiliza upangiri wambiri. Izi zimathandizira ophunzira osaphunzira komanso ophunzira omwe ali ndi ziphuphu komanso nkhanza. Malowa akuwonetsa kuti mabanja, alangizi, aphunzitsi, ndi ena agwirizanitse zoyesayesa zothandiza ana omwe sakonda anzawo.

Njira zothanirana ndi anzawo

Njira zina zochitira zinthu zosagwirizana ndi anthu ndi monga:

• maphunziro othetsera mavuto
• chithandizo chazidziwitso
• kuchitapo kanthu pabanja
• chithandizo chamankhwala ndi chithandizo cha achinyamata

Makolo amathanso kuphunzitsidwa za kasamalidwe ka makolo kuti athane ndi mavuto aliwonse okhudzana ndi kulera omwe angapangitse kuti mwana azikhala wopanda nkhawa.

Kafukufuku apeza kuti chikondi ndi chikondi, chilango choyenera, komanso njira yodalirika yolerera zili ndi zotsatira zabwino kwa ana. Izi zitha kuwathandiza kupanga ubale wabwino ndikusintha magwiridwe antchito kusukulu.

Masitepe otsatira

Zimakhala zachilendo kuti ana ndi achinyamata azisonyeza zikhalidwe zina, monga kudzipatula kapena kupanduka pang'ono. Koma kwa ana ena, zizolowezi izi zitha kuwonetsa china chowopsa.

Lankhulani ndi mwana wanu ngati mukudandaula za machitidwe awo kuti muzitha kudziwa zomwe zikuchitika malinga ndi momwe amaonera. Onetsetsani kuti mulankhulanso ndi adotolo kuti mupeze njira yothandiza yochizira machitidwe osagwirizana ndi mwana wanu.

Ndikofunika kuthana ndi zovuta zamakhalidwe adakali aang'ono momwe mungathere kuti mupewe matenda opatsirana mtsogolo.