Mtima arrhythmia: ndi chiyani, zizindikiro, zimayambitsa ndi chithandizo

Zamkati

• Zizindikiro zazikulu
• Momwe mungatsimikizire matendawa
• Zomwe zimayambitsa arrhythmia
• 1. Kuda nkhawa ndi kupsinjika
• 2. Matenda oopsa a hypothyroidism
• 3. Matenda a Chagas
• 4. Kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi
• 5. Matenda a m'mimba
• 6. Valvulopathies
• 7. Matenda amtima obadwa nawo
• Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira
• 1. Chithandizo chakuchedwa kugunda kwa mtima
• 2. Chithandizo cha kuthamanga kwa mtima

Mtima arrhythmia ndi kusintha kulikonse pakulimbitsa kwa kugunda kwa mtima, komwe kumatha kuyipangitsa kuti igunde mwachangu, pang'onopang'ono kapena pang'ono pang'ono. Pafupipafupi kugunda kwa mtima mu miniti imodzi yomwe imawoneka ngati yabwinobwino mwa munthu popuma, ndi pakati pa 50 mpaka 100.

Matenda a mtima amatha kukhala owopsa kapena owopsa, ndipo mitundu yowopsa ndiyo yofala kwambiri. Matenda a mtima wa Benign ndi omwe sasintha magwiridwe antchito amtima komanso samabweretsa zoopsa zakufa, ndipo amatha kuwongoleredwa ndi mankhwala ndi zochitika zolimbitsa thupi. Zoyipa, kumbali inayo, zimaipiraipira pakulimbikira kapena kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndipo zimatha kupha.

Chithandizo cha mtima wamankhwala chimatheka pokhapokha chikazindikiritsidwa ndikuchiritsidwa munthawi yake. Chifukwa chake, kuti akwaniritse kuchira, ndikofunikira kuti munthuyo ayang'anitsidwe ndi katswiri wamtima ndikumulandila malinga ndi zomwe zikuwonetsa.

Zizindikiro zazikulu

Chizindikiro chachikulu cha arrhythmia yamtima ndikusintha kwa kugunda kwa mtima, ndi kugunda kwamtima, mtima wofulumira kapena kugunda pang'onopang'ono, koma zizindikilo zina zitha kuwonekeranso, monga:

• Kumva kwa chotupa pakhosi;
• Chizungulire;
• Kukomoka;
• Kumva kufooka;
• Kutopa kosavuta;
• Kupweteka pachifuwa;
• Kupuma pang'ono;
• Matenda ambiri.

Nthawi zina, zizindikilozo sizimakhalapo ndipo adotolo amangokayikira mtima wamaganizidwe akayang'ana momwe zimakhalira munthuyo, akuchita zamatsenga pamtima kapena akuchita electrocardiogram.

Momwe mungatsimikizire matendawa

Kuzindikira kwamatenda amtima kumapangidwa ndi katswiri wa zamankhwala kudzera m'mayeso omwe amawunika momwe mtima ulili komanso momwe imagwirira ntchito. Kuphatikiza apo, mayesowa awonetsedwa amasiyana pamunthu ndi munthu komanso malingana ndi zizindikilo zina zomwe zitha kuperekedwa komanso kuchuluka kwa arrhythmia.

Chifukwa chake, electrocardiogram, 24-hour holter, kuyesa masewera olimbitsa thupi, kuphunzira zamagetsi ndi mayeso a TILT atha kuwonetsedwa ndi dokotala. Chifukwa chake, pakuchita mayeserowa ndizotheka osati kungodziwa arrhythmia, komanso kuzindikira chifukwa cha kusinthaku kuti chithandizo choyenera kwambiri chitha kuwonetsedwa. Onani zambiri za mayeso omwe amafufuza mtima.

Zomwe zimayambitsa arrhythmia

Mtima arrhythmia ukhoza kuchitika chifukwa cha zochitika zosiyanasiyana ndipo sunagwirizane mwachindunji ndi kusintha kwa mtima. Chifukwa chake, zomwe zimayambitsa mtima wamtima ndi:

1. Kuda nkhawa ndi kupsinjika

Kupsinjika ndi nkhawa zimatha kubweretsa zovuta zingapo chifukwa chakusintha kwa cortisol, komwe kumatha kubweretsa zizindikilo monga kusintha kwa kugunda kwa mtima, thukuta lozizira, kunjenjemera, chizungulire kapena pakamwa pouma, mwachitsanzo. Onani maupangiri amomwe mungathetsere kupsinjika.

2. Matenda oopsa a hypothyroidism

Hypothyroidism ndikusintha kwa chithokomiro komwe sikokwanira kupanga mahomoni a chithokomiro, omwe amatha kusintha kugunda kwa mtima ndikupangitsa mtima kugunda pang'onopang'ono kuposa zachilendo.

Kuphatikiza pa arrhythmia, ndizofala kuti zizindikilo zina zokhudzana ndi vuto la chithokomiro ziwonekere, monga kunenepa, kutopa kwambiri komanso kutayika tsitsi, mwachitsanzo. Dziwani zizindikiro zina za hypothyroidism.

3. Matenda a Chagas

Matenda a Chagas ndi matenda opatsirana omwe amabwera chifukwa cha tiziromboti Trypanosoma cruzi zomwe zitha kukhala zokhudzana ndi mtima wamtima. Izi ndichifukwa choti, matendawa osadziwika, tizilomboto titha kukhala ndikukula mumtima, zomwe zingayambitse kukulira kwamitsempha yamtima, kukulitsa kwa chiwalo ichi ndi kulephera kwa mtima. Onani momwe mungadziwire matenda a Chagas.

4. Kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi

Kuchepa kwa magazi kumathandizanso arrhythmia, chifukwa pakadali pano pali kuchepa kwa hemoglobin m'magazi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti oxygen isamutsitsidwe m'thupi, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti pakufunika kuwonjezera ntchito yamtima kuti ipangitse ziwalo zimalandira mpweya wokwanira, zomwe zimapangitsa arrhythmia.

Ngakhale arrhythmia ndiyotheka, zizindikilo zina ndizofala pakakhala kuchepa kwa magazi, monga kutopa kwambiri, kuwodzera, kulephera kuyang'ana, kutaya kukumbukira komanso kusowa njala, mwachitsanzo.

5. Matenda a m'mimba

Matenda a atherosclerosis amafanana ndi kupezeka kwa mafuta m'mitsempha yamagazi kapena mitsempha yamtima monga mitsempha yamtendere, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kupatsira magazi pamtima. Zotsatira zake, mtima uyenera kugwira ntchito molimbika kuti magazi azizungulira mthupi moyenera, zomwe zimapangitsa arrhythmia.

6. Valvulopathies

Valvulopathies ndi matenda omwe amakhudza mavavu amtima, monga ma tricuspid, mitral, pulmonary ndi aortic valves.

7. Matenda amtima obadwa nawo

Matenda a mtima obadwa nawo amadziwika ndi kusintha kwa kapangidwe ka mtima kamene kamapangidwa asanabadwe, komwe kumatha kusokoneza kugwira ntchito kwa mtima. Poterepa, ndikofunikira kuti chithandizo chiyambike posachedwa ndikusamalidwa molingana ndi chitsogozo cha katswiri wamatenda a ana.

Kuphatikiza pa matendawa, palinso zina zomwe zingayambitse arrhythmia, monga zoyipa zamankhwala ena, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, zolimbitsa thupi zolimba, zolephera zamaselo amtima, kusintha kwa kuchuluka kwa sodium, potaziyamu ndi calcium m'thupi kapena zovuta pambuyo pakuchita opaleshoni ya mtima.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Chithandizo cha mtima wamtima chimatha kutengera kutengera kusintha, kuuma kwa arrhythmia, pafupipafupi zomwe zimachitika, msinkhu wa munthuyo komanso ngati pali zina.

Chifukwa chake, m'malo ovuta, adotolo angangowonetsa kusintha kwa moyo, momwe munthuyo amayenera kukhala ndi zakudya zopatsa thanzi komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi, kuwonjezera ndikofunikira kuyang'ana zinthu zomwe zingathandize kuti musangalale, makamaka kusintha kwa kugunda kwa mtima kukuwonekera.

1. Chithandizo chakuchedwa kugunda kwa mtima

Chiwombankhanga chomwe chimayambitsa kugunda kwa mtima pang'ono, kotchedwa bradycardia, pomwe palibe chifukwa chomwe chingakonzedwe, chithandizo chiyenera kuchitidwa ndikuyika pacemaker yothandizira kuwongolera kugunda kwa mtima, popeza palibe mankhwala omwe amathamangitsa mtima modalirika. Dziwani momwe pacemaker imagwirira ntchito.

2. Chithandizo cha kuthamanga kwa mtima

Pankhani ya arrhythmia yomwe imayambitsa kugunda kwamtima, chithandizo chomwe chingachitike ndi ichi:

• Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo digoxin kukhazikitsa ndi kuteteza kugunda kwa mtima;
• Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo monga warfarin kapena aspirin yoletsa kuundana kwamagazi komwe kumatha kuyambitsa embolism;
• Kuchita opaleshoni ya ablation kuti ndi njira yomwe cholinga chake ndi kuchotsa kapena kuwononga njira yamagetsi yamagetsi yomwe yasinthidwa ndipo yomwe ingakhale chifukwa cha arrhythmia;
• Kukhazikitsidwa kwa pacemaker, makamaka pamavuto ovuta kwambiri, kuti agwirizane ndi zikoka zamagetsi ndi kupindika kwa minofu yamtima, kukonza magwiridwe ake ndikuwongolera magwiridwe antchito;
• Kukhazikika kwa Cardiodefibrillator kuyang'anira kugunda kwa mtima mosalekeza ndikuwona zovuta zilizonse pamtima, popeza chipangizochi chimatumiza mphamvu yamagetsi pamtima kuti ichepetse kugunda kwamtima ndipo imawonetsedwa pamavuto akulu pomwe kugunda kwamtima kumakhala kothamanga kwambiri kapena kosasintha ndipo pamakhala chiopsezo chokhala ndi kumangidwa kwamtima.

Nthawi zina, adokotala amalimbikitsa kuchitidwa opaleshoni ya kulambalala coronary ngati arrhythmia imayambitsidwa ndimavuto amitsempha yam'mimba, yomwe imayambitsa kuthirira mtima, kulola kukonza ndikuwongolera mayendedwe amwazi wa mtsempha wamagazi. Pezani momwe opaleshoni yachitidwira kulambalala mitima.

Wathu Podcast, Dr. Ricardo Alckmin, Purezidenti wa Brazilian Society of Cardiology, akuwunikira kukayikira kwakukulu pamatenda amtima: