Mlembi: Christy White
Tsiku La Chilengedwe: 5 Meyi 2021
Sinthani Tsiku: 18 Novembala 2024
Anonim
Ataxia: ndi chiyani, chimayambitsa, zizindikiro ndi chithandizo - Thanzi
Ataxia: ndi chiyani, chimayambitsa, zizindikiro ndi chithandizo - Thanzi

Zamkati

Ataxia ndi mawu omwe amatanthauza zizindikilo zingapo zomwe zimadziwika, makamaka, chifukwa chosagwirizana kwa mayendedwe azigawo zosiyanasiyana za thupi. Izi zitha kukhala ndi zifukwa zingapo, monga mavuto am'magazi, kupunduka kwa ubongo, matenda, zovuta zakubadwa, kutaya magazi muubongo, zolakwika ndipo zimatha kubwera chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito kwambiri mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena mowa.

Nthawi zambiri, munthu yemwe ali ndi ataxia amavutika kuchita zochitika za tsiku ndi tsiku, monga kunyamula zinthu ndikudina zovala, ndipo amatha kuvutika kumeza, kulemba ndi mawu osalankhula, komabe, kuopsa kwa zizindikirazo kumadalira mtundu wa ataxia ndi zomwe zimayambitsa.

Matenda a ataxia alibe mankhwala, koma amatha kuwongoleredwa kuti awonjezere moyo wamunthu. Chifukwa chake, popereka zizindikirazo, ndikofunikira kukaonana ndi katswiri wa zamagulu kuti ayambe chithandizo choyenera, chomwe chimakhala kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, kulimbitsa thupi komanso chithandizo chantchito.


Mitundu ya ataxia

Ataxia imalumikizidwa ndi mawonekedwe azizindikiro zingapo zomwe zingakhale zosiyana kutengera mtundu. Mitundu ya ataxia ndi iyi:

  • Cerebellar ataxia: zimachitika chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa cerebellum, komwe kumatha kuyambitsidwa ndi kukha kwa ubongo, chotupa, matenda kapena ngozi;
  • FriedReich's ataxia: ndi mtundu wofala kwambiri, wokhala wobadwa nawo, womwe umayamba makamaka paunyamata ndipo umapangitsa kupindika kwa mapazi ndi kupindika kwa msana;
  • Spinocerebellar ataxia: nthawi zambiri, mtundu uwu umawoneka utakula ndipo umayambitsa kuuma kwa minofu, kukumbukira kukumbukira, kusagwira kwamikodzo komanso kutaya masomphenya pang'onopang'ono;
  • Telangiectasia ataxia: ndiwonso wobadwa nawo, komabe ndi osowa, kutha kuyambira ubwana ndikukula pakapita nthawi. Nthawi zambiri, munthu amene ali ndi mtundu uwu wa ataxia amakhala ndi chitetezo chamthupi chofooka;
  • Ataxia yosavuta kapena yamphamvu: zomwe zimachitika chifukwa chovulala pamitsempha yam'mimba yomwe imapangitsa kuti munthuyo asamve komwe kuli miyendo yake yolumikizana ndi thupi.

Palinso mtundu wa ataxia wotchedwa idiopathic, womwe umadziwika pamene zimayambitsa sizikudziwika ndipo, makamaka, zimachitika mwa okalamba.


Zoyambitsa zazikulu

Ataxia imatha kupezeka mwa aliyense popanda chifukwa chomveka, komabe, nthawi zambiri, imawoneka chifukwa cha majini, ndiye kuti, imadziwonetsera chifukwa cha majini osalongosoka, opatsirana kuchokera kwa makolo kupita kwa ana, omwe atha kukhala oyipa kuchokera m'badwo wina kupita ku wina.

Pali mitundu ina ya ataxia yomwe imayamba chifukwa cha mikhalidwe ina, monga kuchitidwa opaleshoni yaubongo, chotupa kapena kuvulala kumutu, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena mowa mopitirira muyeso, kupezeka kwa zinthu zowopsa, matenda akulu, sitiroko ndi mavuto ena amisala, monga ubongo wa ziwalo kapena sclerosis angapo, omwe ndi matenda omwe amangodziyimira pawokha momwe maselo achitetezo amathandizira dongosolo lamanjenje. Mvetsetsani kuti multiple sclerosis ndi chiyani, zizindikiro zazikulu ndi chithandizo.

Zizindikiro za Ataxia

Zizindikiro za ataxia zimasiyanasiyana kutengera mtundu ndi kuopsa kwa matendawa kapena kuvulala kwamanjenje, koma nthawi zambiri zimawoneka:

  • Kusagwirizana kwa kayendedwe ka thupi;
  • Kuwonongeka, kugwa pafupipafupi kumatha kuchitika;
  • Zovuta kutola zinthu ndikudina zovala;
  • Kayendedwe ka diso losasintha;
  • Zovuta kumeza;
  • Kulemba kovuta;
  • Kugwedezeka kwakukulu;
  • Kulankhula kopanda mawu kapena kopanda tanthauzo.

Pakakhala matenda a ataxia, omwe sangachiritsidwe, zizindikilo monga matenda obwerezabwereza, mavuto ammbuyo ndi matenda amtima chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa mitsempha zitha kuwoneka. Kuphatikiza apo, ataxia ndi zomwe zimayenderana zimatha kuwoneka m'badwo uliwonse, chifukwa pamakhala zochitika pamene munthu amabadwa ndi kusintha kumeneku.


Momwe mungatsimikizire matendawa

Mukamapereka ataxia ndi zizindikiro zina, ndikofunikira kukaonana ndi katswiri wa zamagulu yemwe adzafufuze zaumoyo wa munthuyo ndi banja lonse, kuti awone ngati munthuyu angasinthe chibadwa chake. Dotolo amathanso kulangiza kuyesa kwamitsempha yam'mitsempha kuti azindikire zovuta ndimayendedwe amthupi, masomphenya kapena mayankhulidwe.

Kuphatikiza apo, mayesero ena atha kulimbikitsidwa, monga kujambula kwamagnetic resonance ndi computed tomography, komwe kumapereka chithunzi chatsatanetsatane chaubongo ndipo kudzera m'mayesowa dokotala amatha kuwona kupezeka kwa zotupa ndi zotupa zamaubongo. Kuphatikiza apo, katswiri wa maubongo atha kupempha kuti munthuyo ayesedwe magazi komanso kuphulika kwa lumbar, kuti atenge gawo la madzi omwe amayenda mumanjenje kuti akawunikidwe mu labotale. Onani zambiri zomwe zimatulutsa lumbar ndi zovuta zake.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Chithandizo cha ataxia chimadalira mtundu ndi kuopsa kwa matendawa, amawonetsedwa ndi katswiri wa zamagulu omwe angalangize kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a antispasmodic ndi kupumula, monga baclofen ndi tizanidine, kapena, jakisoni wa botox kuti muchepetse kupindika kwa minofu chifukwa cha kusintha kwa ubongo komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha ataxia.

Pofuna kuchiza ataxia ndikofunikanso kuti munthu azichita masewera olimbitsa thupi kuti achepetse kuyenda kosagwirizana komanso kupewa kufooka kwa minofu kapena kuuma kwa minofu, kuchuluka kwa magawo kutengera kukula kwa matendawa ndikulimbikitsidwa ndi physiotherapist.

Kuphatikiza apo, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti munthu yemwe ali ndi ataxia amuthandize pantchito, chifukwa ntchitoyi imatha kuthandizira pakudziyimira pawokha, kumuthandiza kuti azolowere kuyenda pang'onopang'ono, kudzera pakupeza maluso atsopano oti agwire ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku.

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