Khansa ya m'mawere imafalikira kuti?

Zamkati

• Mitundu ya khansa ya m'mawere mobwerezabwereza
• Kodi zizindikiro za khansa ya m'mawere ya metastatic ndi ziti?
• Mafupa
• Chiwindi
• Mapapo
• Ubongo
• Nchiyani chimayambitsa khansa ya m'mawere?
• Kuzindikira khansa ya m'mawere
• Kuchiza khansa ya m'mawere
• Kutenga
• Kodi mungapewe khansa ya m'mawere?

Kodi khansa ya m'mawere ingafalikire kuti?

Khansara yamatenda ndi khansa yomwe imafalikira ku gawo lina la thupi kuposa komwe idayambira. Nthawi zina, khansa imatha kukhala itafalikira kale pofika nthawi yodziwika. Nthawi zina, khansara imatha kufalikira atalandira chithandizo choyambirira.

Mwachitsanzo, munthu yemwe amachiritsidwa khansa ya m'mawere koyambirira amatha kupezeka kuti ali ndi khansa ya m'mawere kapena yakomweko kapena khansa ya m'mawere. Khansa yaposachedwa ndi khansa yomwe imabweranso mutalandira chithandizo choyambirira.

Metastasis komanso kubwereza kwanuko kapena mdera kumatha kuchitika ndi pafupifupi khansa yamtundu uliwonse.

Malo ofala kwambiri a khansa ya m'mawere ndi awa:

• mafupa
• chiwindi
• mapapo
• ubongo

Khansa ya m'mawere imatengedwa ngati khansa yayikulu kwambiri. Khansa ya metastasis kapena kubwereza kwanuko kapena mdera kumatha kuchitika miyezi mpaka zaka mutayamba kuchizidwa ndi khansa ya m'mawere.

Mitundu ya khansa ya m'mawere mobwerezabwereza

Khansa ya m'mawere imatha kubwereranso kwanuko, m'chigawo, kapena kutali.

Khansa ya m'mawere yomwe imachitika mobwerezabwereza zimachitika pomwe chotupa chatsopano chimayamba pachifuwa chomwe chidakhudzidwa koyambirira. Ngati bere lachotsedwa, chotupacho chimatha kumera pachifuwa kapena pakhungu lapafupi.

Khansa ya m'mawere yomwe imachitika mobwerezabwereza zimachitika m'dera lomwelo ngati khansa yapachiyambi. Pankhani ya khansa ya m'mawere, awa akhoza kukhala ma lymph node pamwamba pa kolala kapena mkwapa.

Khansa ya m'mawere yomwe imachitika mobwerezabwereza zimachitika pamene maselo a khansa amapita mbali ina ya thupi. Malo atsopanowa ali kutali ndi khansa yapachiyambi. Khansara ikayambiranso kutali, imadziwika kuti khansa ya m'matumbo.

Kodi zizindikiro za khansa ya m'mawere ya metastatic ndi ziti?

Osati aliyense amene ali ndi khansa ya m'mawere yomwe imakumana ndi zizindikilo. Zizindikiro zikachitika, zimatha kusiyanasiyana. Zizindikiro zimadalira malo am'mimba ndi kuuma kwake.

Mafupa

Metastasis m'mafupa amatha kupweteka kwambiri m'mafupa.

Chiwindi

Metastasis pachiwindi imatha kuyambitsa:

• jaundice, kapena chikasu cha khungu komanso azungu amaso
• kuyabwa
• kupweteka m'mimba
• kusowa chilakolako
• nseru
• kusanza

Mapapo

Metastasis m'mapapu angayambitse:

• chifuwa chachikulu
• kupweteka pachifuwa
• kutopa
• kupuma movutikira

Ubongo

Metastasis kuubongo ingayambitse:

• kupweteka kwambiri kapena kupanikizika pamutu
• zosokoneza zowoneka
• nseru
• kusanza
• mawu osalankhula
• kusintha kwa umunthu kapena khalidwe
• kugwidwa
• kufooka
• dzanzi
• ziwalo
• vuto ndi kuyenda bwino kapena kuyenda

Zizindikiro zosadziwika zomwe zimatsata mtundu uliwonse wa khansa ya m'mawere ndi monga:

• kutopa
• kusowa chilakolako
• kuonda
• malungo

Zizindikiro zina sizingayambidwe ndi khansa yomwe, koma ndi chithandizo chomwe mungakhale mukukumana nacho. Ngati mukukumana ndi izi, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu. Angathe kulangiza chithandizo kuti muchepetse zina.

Nchiyani chimayambitsa khansa ya m'mawere?

Chithandizo cha khansa ya m'mawere cholinga chake ndi kuthetseratu maselo aliwonse a khansa omwe atsalira pambuyo pochitidwa opaleshoni. Njira zochiritsira zimaphatikizapo ma radiation, mankhwala a mahomoni, chemotherapy, ndi chithandizo chofunikira.

Nthawi zina, maselo ena a khansa amapulumuka pamankhwalawa. Maselo a khansawa amatha kutuluka pachotupa choyambirira. Maselowa amapita kumalo ena a thupi kudzera mumayendedwe ozungulira kapena amitsempha.

Maselowo akakhazikika penapake m'thupi, amatha kupanga chotupa chatsopano. Izi zitha kuchitika mwachangu kapena kukhala patadutsa zaka zingapo mutalandira chithandizo choyambirira.

Kuzindikira khansa ya m'mawere

Mayesero angapo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsimikizira kuti ali ndi khansa ya m'mawere. Izi zikuphatikiza:

• MRI
• Kujambula kwa CT
• X-ray
• kusanthula mafupa
• ziphuphu

Kuchiza khansa ya m'mawere

Palibe mankhwala a khansa ya m'mawere. Pali mankhwala omwe amathandizira kupewa kupita patsogolo, kuchepetsa zizindikilo, ndikukhalitsa moyo ndi kutalika kwa moyo. Mankhwala amasiyana.

Zimatengera mtundu ndi kuchuluka kwa kubwerezabwereza, mtundu wa khansa, chithandizo cham'mbuyomu chomwe mudalandira, komanso thanzi lanu lonse. Njira zochiritsira zingaphatikizepo:

• mankhwala a hormone a estrogen receptor-positive (ER-positive) khansa ya m'mawere, yomwe ndi khansa ya m'mawere yofala kwambiri
• chemotherapy
• mankhwala omwe amalimbana ndi mapuloteni ena omwe amapezeka m'maselo a khansa kuti asiye kukula, komwe nthawi zina amatchedwa chithandizo chamankhwala
• mankhwala omanga mafupa kuti achepetse kupweteka kwa mafupa ndikuwonjezera mphamvu ya mafupa
• mankhwala a radiation
• opaleshoni

US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) idavomereza mankhwalawa palbociclib (Ibrance) mu 2015 kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito limodzi ndi aromatase inhibitor. Kuphatikizana kumeneku kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pochizira ER-positive, HER2-negative metastatic khansa ya m'mawere mwa amayi omwe atha msinkhu.

Mankhwala ena omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu khansa ya m'mawere ndi awa ndi awa:

• osankha ma modulators a estrogen
• wokolola (Faslodex)
• everolimus (Wothandizira)
• PARP inhibitor, monga olaparib (Lynparza)
• mankhwala osokoneza bongo
• Kutulutsa kwamchiberekero kuyimitsa thumba losunga mazira kutulutsa estrogen

Kuphatikiza pa chemotherapy, chithandizo cha khansa ya m'mawere ya HER2 yomwe imakhalapo nthawi zambiri imaphatikizira chithandizo chamankhwala cha HER2 monga:

• pertuzumab (Kutumiza)
• trastuzumab (Herceptin)
• ado-trastuzumab emtansine (Kadcyla)
• lapatinib (Tykerb)

Kutenga

Kusankha njira yomwe mungapitirire nayo pamafunika kudziwa zambiri komanso kuganizira mozama. Ngakhale muyenera kugwira ntchito ndi dokotala wanu kuti mumvetsetse zomwe mungasankhe, zisankho zili kwa inu. Mukamaganizira zomwe zingatheke, kumbukirani malangizo awa:

• Musathamangire chilichonse. Tengani nthawi kuti muganizire zomwe mwasankha, ndikupemphaninso ngati kuli kofunikira.
• Bweretsani munthu wina kuti mudzakumane ndi dokotala. Lembani manotsi kapena funsani dokotala ngati mungathe kujambula ulendo wanu. Izi zitha kuthandiza kuti musaiwale chilichonse chomwe chakambidwa.
• Funsani mafunso. Muuzeni dokotala kuti afotokoze zabwino zonse, zoopsa zake, ndi zovuta zake zokhudzana ndi chithandizo chilichonse.
• Talingalirani zoyeserera zamankhwala. Fufuzani ngati pali mayesero aliwonse azachipatala omwe mungakhale nawo. Pakhoza kukhala njira yoyeserera yoyeserera khansa yanu.

Ngakhale kulandira matenda a khansa ya m'mawere kungakhale kovuta, pali njira zambiri zamankhwala zomwe zingathandize kuchepetsa zizindikilo ndikuwonjezera kutalika kwa moyo. Ngakhale palibe mankhwala ochiritsira pakadali pano, azimayi ena adzakhala ndi khansa ya m'mawere zaka zambiri.

Kafufuzidwe momwe mungaletsere kukula kwa ma cell a khansa, kulimbitsa chitetezo cha mthupi, komanso kusokoneza metastasis ya khansa ikupitilirabe, ndipo njira zatsopano zamankhwala zitha kupezeka mtsogolo.

Kodi mungapewe khansa ya m'mawere?

Palibe njira yotsimikizika yotsimikiziranso kuti khansa yanu sidzabwereranso kapena kusamba pambuyo poti mwalandira chithandizo, koma pali njira zomwe mungatenge zomwe zingachepetse ngozi.

Izi ndi monga:

• kukhala wathanzi labwino
• kusiya kusuta
• kukhalabe achangu
• kudya zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba (osachepera makapu 2 1/2 tsiku lililonse), nyemba, mbewu zonse, nkhuku, ndi nsomba
• kuchepetsa kudya nyama yofiira ndikungodya nyama yofiyira pang'ono pang'ono
• kupewa zakudya zopangidwa ndi shuga
• Kuchepetsa kumwa mowa kamodzi patsiku kwa amayi