Nchiyani Chimayambitsa Ma Mark Akuda Ndi A Blue?

Zamkati

• Zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa mikwingwirima, ndi zithunzi
• Kuvulala kwamasewera
• Zovuta
• Thrombocytopenia
• Khansa ya m'magazi
• Von Willebrand matenda
• Kuvulala pamutu
• Kuthamangitsidwa kwa bondo
• Matenda amisempha
• Matenda a m'magazi A
• Matenda a Khirisimasi (hemophilia B)
• Kusowa kwa Factor VII
• Kusowa kwa Factor X
• Kusowa kwa Factor V
• Kusowa kwa Factor II
• Mitsempha ya Varicose
• Mitsempha yakuya (DVT)
• Ndi mikwingwirima iti yomwe ilipo?
• Kodi zizindikiro za mikwingwirima ndi ziti?
• Zizindikiro zazikulu
• Nchiyani chimayambitsa mikwingwirima?
• Kusokonezeka kwa magazi
• Momwe mungachitire mikwingwirima
• Momwe mungapewere kuvulala

Kulalata

Zizindikiro zakuda ndi zamtambo nthawi zambiri zimalumikizidwa ndi mikwingwirima. Chuma, kapena chisokonezo, chimapezeka pakhungu chifukwa chovulala. Zitsanzo zakupwetekedwa mtima ndizodulidwa kapena zopweteka kudera la thupi. Kuvulala kumapangitsa mitsempha yaying'ono yamagazi yotchedwa capillaries kuphulika. Magazi amatsekedwa pamunsi pakhungu, zomwe zimapweteka.

Ziphuphu zimatha kuchitika msinkhu uliwonse. Mikwingwirima ina imawoneka ndikumva kuwawa pang'ono, ndipo mwina simungawawone. Ngakhale mikwingwirima ili ponseponse, ndikofunikira kudziwa zomwe mungasankhe komanso ngati vuto lanu likufuna chithandizo chadzidzidzi.

Zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa mikwingwirima, ndi zithunzi

Mikwingwirima yambiri imayamba chifukwa chovulala mwakuthupi. Zina mwazovuta zitha kupangitsa kuvulala kukhala kofala. Nazi zifukwa 16 zomwe zingayambitse mabala.

Chenjezo: Zithunzi zojambula patsogolo.

Kuvulala kwamasewera

• Kuvulala pamasewera ndi komwe kumachitika mukamachita masewera olimbitsa thupi kapena mukamachita nawo masewera.
• Amaphatikizapo mafupa osweka, zovuta ndi ma sprains, ma dislocations, tendon zowonongeka, ndi kutupa kwa minofu.
• Kuvulala kwamasewera kumatha kuchitika chifukwa chakuvulala kapena kumwa mopitirira muyeso.

Werengani nkhani yonse yokhudza kuvulala kwamasewera.

Zovuta

• Uku ndi kuvulala pang'ono kwaubongo komwe kumatha kuchitika pambuyo pakukhudza mutu wanu kapena pambuyo povulala kwamtundu wa whiplash.
• Zizindikiro za kusokonezeka zimasiyanasiyana kutengera kukula kwa kuvulala komanso munthu amene wavulala.
• Mavuto okumbukira, kusokonezeka, kugona kapena kumva ulesi, chizungulire, masomphenya awiri kapena kusawona bwino, kupweteka mutu, kusanza, kusanza, kuzindikira kuwala kapena phokoso, mavuto abwinobwino, komanso kuchepa kwa zomwe zingayambitse zina mwa zizindikiro zina.
• Zizindikiro zimatha kuyamba nthawi yomweyo, kapena mwina sizingachitike kwa maola, masiku, masabata, kapena miyezi ingapo atavulala kumutu.

Werengani nkhani yonse pazokambirana.

Thrombocytopenia

• Thrombocytopenia amatanthauza kuwerengera kwa ma platelet komwe kumakhala kotsika kuposa kwachibadwa. Zitha kuyambitsidwa ndi zochitika zosiyanasiyana.
• Zizindikiro zimasiyanasiyana mwamphamvu.
• Zizindikiro zake zimatha kukhala ndi mikwingwirima yofiira, yofiirira, kapena yofiirira, zotupa zokhala ndi timadontho tating'onoting'ono tofiira kapena tofiirira, kutuluka magazi m'mphuno, kutuluka magazi m'kamwa, kutuluka magazi kwanthawi yayitali, magazi m'mitsuko ndi mkodzo, masanzi amwazi, komanso kusamba kwambiri kusamba.

Werengani nkhani yonse yokhudza thrombocytopenia.

Khansa ya m'magazi

• Mawuwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofotokoza mitundu ingapo ya khansa yamagazi yomwe imachitika ma cell oyera am'mafupa atakula.
• Ma leukemias amadziwika ndi kuyamba (kwanthawi yayitali kapena kovuta) ndi mitundu yama cell yomwe imakhudzidwa (ma cell a myeloid ndi ma lymphocyte).
• Zizindikiro zofala zimaphatikizira thukuta kwambiri, makamaka usiku, kutopa ndi kufooka komwe sikumatha ndi kupumula, kuchepa thupi mwangozi, kupweteka kwa mafupa, ndi kufatsa.
• Ma lymph node osapweteka, otupa (makamaka m'khosi ndi kukhwapa), kukulitsa chiwindi kapena ndulu, mawanga ofiira pakhungu (petechiae), kutuluka magazi mosavuta ndikutundumula mosavuta, malungo kapena kuzizira, komanso matenda opatsirana pafupipafupi ndizotheka kukhala zizindikiro.

Werengani nkhani yonse yokhudza khansa ya m'magazi.

Von Willebrand matenda

• Matenda a Von Willebrand ndi matenda otuluka magazi omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kusowa kwa von Willebrand factor (VWF).
• Ngati kuchuluka kwanu kwa VWF kuli kotsika, ma platelets anu sangathe kuundana bwino, zomwe zimabweretsa magazi ochuluka.
• Zizindikiro zofala kwambiri ndi kuphwanya mikwingwirima, kutuluka magazi kwambiri m'mphuno, kutuluka magazi nthawi yayitali pambuyo povulala, kutuluka magazi m'kamwa, komanso kutuluka magazi kwambiri nthawi yosamba.

Werengani nkhani yonse yokhudza matenda a Von Willebrand.

Kuvulala pamutu

Vutoli limawerengedwa kuti ndi vuto lachipatala. Kusamalira mwachangu kungafunike.

• Izi ndizovulaza ubongo wanu, chigaza, kapena khungu.
• Zovulala pamutu zambiri zimaphatikizapo kuphwanya, kuphwanya zigaza, ndi zilonda zakumutu.
• Kuvulala pamutu nthawi zambiri kumachitika chifukwa chakumenya kumaso kapena kumutu, kapena mayendedwe omwe amapukusa mutu mwamphamvu.
• Ndikofunika kuchitira kuvulala konse kwamutu mozama ndikuwayesa ndi dokotala.
• Zizindikiro zowopsa zomwe zimapereka chidziwitso chamankhwala zimaphatikizapo kutaya chidziwitso, kukomoka, kusanza, kusinthasintha kapena kulumikizana, kusokonezeka, kusunthika kwamaso, kupweteka mutu kapena kuwonjezeka, kusowa kwa kuwongolera minofu, kuiwalika, kukumbukira kutuluka kwamadzi khutu kapena mphuno , ndi kugona kwambiri.

Werengani nkhani yonse yokhudza kuvulala pamutu.

Kuthamangitsidwa kwa bondo

• Izi ndizovulaza magulu olimba aminyewa (mitsempha) yomwe imazungulira ndikugwirizanitsa mafupa a mwendo ndi phazi.
• Nthawi zambiri zimachitika phazi likapindika mwadzidzidzi, ndikupangitsa kuti bondo lakhazikika lisakhale labwinobwino.
• Kutupa, kukoma, kuvulala, kupweteka, kulephera kunenepa pa akakolo, khungu, komanso kuuma ndizotheka.

Werengani nkhani yonse yokhudza kupindika kwa akakolo.

Matenda amisempha

• Zovuta zam'mimba zimachitika minofu ikatambasulidwa kapena kung'ambika chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mopitirira muyeso kapena kuvulala.
• Zizindikiro zimaphatikizapo kupweteka kwadzidzidzi, kupweteka, kuyenda pang'ono, kuvulaza kapena kusintha kwa thupi, kutupa, "kumangirira", kupweteka kwa minofu, ndi kuuma.
• Matenda ochepera mpaka pang'ono amatha kuchiritsidwa bwino kunyumba ndi kupumula, ayezi, kupanikizika, kukwera, kutentha, kutambasula pang'ono, ndi mankhwala odana ndi kutupa.
• Funani chithandizo chamankhwala mwachangu ngati ululu, zipsyinjo, kapena kutupa sikukutha mu sabata kapena kuyamba kukulira, ngati malo ovulalawo atachita dzanzi kapena akutuluka magazi, ngati simungathe kuyenda, kapena ngati simungathe kusuntha mikono yanu kapena miyendo.

Werengani nkhani yonse yokhudzana ndi minofu.

Matenda a m'magazi A

• Awa ndimatenda obadwa nawo omwe amatuluka m'magazi momwe munthu amasowa kapena amakhala ndi mapuloteni ochepa omwe amatchedwa magazi oundana, ndipo magazi samaundana bwino chifukwa cha izi.
• Zizindikiro za matenda zimayambitsidwa ndi chilema m'matenda chomwe chimafotokozera momwe thupi limapangidwira zinthu VIII, IX, kapena XI.
• Kuperewera kwa zinthu izi kumayambitsa magazi osavuta komanso vuto la kutseka magazi kwa anthu omwe akukhudzidwa.
• Kutuluka mwadzidzidzi, kuvulaza kosavuta, kutulutsa magazi m'mphuno, kutuluka magazi m'kamwa, kutuluka magazi nthawi yayitali mutachitidwa opaleshoni kapena kuvulala, kutuluka magazi m'mfundo, kutuluka magazi mkati, kapena kutuluka magazi muubongo ndi zina mwazizindikiro.

Werengani nkhani yonse yokhudza Hemophilia A.

Matenda a Khirisimasi (hemophilia B)

• Ndi vuto losowa lachibadwa, thupi limatulutsa zochepa kapena sizinapangitse IX, ndikupangitsa magazi kuphimba molakwika.
• Nthawi zambiri amapezeka ali wakhanda kapena ali mwana.
• Kutaya magazi kwa nthawi yayitali, kusadziwika, kuvulala kwambiri, kutuluka magazi m'kamwa, kapena kutuluka magazi m'mphuno nthawi yayitali ndi zina mwazizindikiro.
• Magazi osadziwika amatha kuwonekera mumkodzo kapena ndowe, ndipo kutuluka kwamkati kumatha kulowa pamagulu, zomwe zimapweteka komanso kutupa.

Werengani nkhani yonse yokhudza Matenda a Khrisimasi (hemophilia B).

Kusowa kwa Factor VII

• Izi zimachitika ngati thupi silipanga chinthu chokwanira VII kapena china chake chikusokoneza kapangidwe kazinthu VII, nthawi zambiri matenda ena kapena mankhwala.
• Zizindikiro zake zimaphatikizapo kutuluka magazi mosazolowereka pambuyo pobereka, kuchitidwa opaleshoni, kapena kuvulala; kuvulaza kosavuta; kutulutsa magazi m'mphuno; nkhama zotuluka magazi; ndi msambo wolemera kapena wautali.
• Zikakhala zovuta kwambiri, zizindikilo zimatha kuphatikizanso kuwonongeka kwa mafupa m'magulu otuluka m'magazi ndikutuluka m'matumbo, m'mimba, minofu, kapena mutu.

Werengani nkhani yonse yokhudza kusowa kwa VII.

Kusowa kwa Factor X

• Kulephera kwa Factor X, komwe kumatchedwanso kusowa kwa zinthu kwa Stuart-Prower, ndi vuto lomwe limayamba chifukwa chosakhala ndi protein yokwanira yotchedwa factor X m'magazi.
• Vutoli limatha kupititsidwa m'mabanja kudzera m'matenda amtundu (cholowa cha X) koma amathanso kuyambitsidwa ndi mankhwala kapena matenda ena (omwe amapezeka kusowa kwa X).
• Kuperewera kwa Factor X kumayambitsa kusokoneza kwa magwiridwe anthawi zonse a magazi.
• Zizindikiro zake zimaphatikizapo kutuluka magazi mosazolowereka atabereka, kuchitidwa opaleshoni, kapena kuvulala; kuvulaza kosavuta; kutulutsa magazi m'mphuno; nkhama zotuluka magazi; ndi msambo wolemera kapena wautali.
• Zikakhala zovuta kwambiri, zizindikilo zimatha kuphatikizanso kuwonongeka kwa mafupa m'magulu otuluka m'magazi ndikutuluka m'matumbo, m'mimba, minofu, kapena mutu.

Werengani nkhani yonse yokhudza kusowa kwa factor X.

Kusowa kwa Factor V

• Izi zimachitika chifukwa chosowa kwa V, komwe kumatchedwanso proaccelerin, yomwe ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri pamakina ogwiritsira magazi.
• Kuperewera kumapangitsa kuti magazi asamaundane bwino, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magazi azituluka nthawi yayitali atachitidwa opaleshoni kapena kuvulala.
• Kuperewera kwa zinthu V kumatha kubwera chifukwa cha mankhwala ena, matenda, kapena chifukwa chodzitchinjiriza.
• Zizindikiro zake zimaphatikizapo kutuluka magazi mosazolowereka atabereka, kuchitidwa opaleshoni, kapena kuvulala; kuvulaza kosavuta; kutulutsa magazi m'mphuno; nkhama zotuluka magazi; ndi msambo wolemera kapena wautali.

Werengani nkhani yonse yokhudza kusowa kwa factor V.

Kusowa kwa Factor II

• Izi zimachitika chifukwa chosowa kwa chinthu chachiwiri, chomwe chimadziwikanso kuti prothrombin, chomwe ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri pamakina ogwiritsira magazi.
• Matenda osowa kwambiri otseka magazi amabweretsa magazi ochulukirapo kapena ataliatali atavulala kapena kuchitidwa opaleshoni.
• Titha kulandira kapena kutengera chifukwa cha matenda, mankhwala, kapena kuyankha kwadzidzidzi.
• Zizindikiro zake zimaphatikizapo umbilical chingwe chakutuluka pobadwa, kuvulaza kosadziwika, kutuluka magazi kwa nthawi yayitali, kutuluka magazi m'kamwa, kusamba kwambiri kapena kusamba kwakanthawi, komanso kutuluka kwamkati m'ziwalo, minofu, chigaza, kapena ubongo.

Werengani nkhani yonse yokhudza kusowa kwa factor II.

Mitsempha ya Varicose

• Mitsempha ya varicose imachitika pamene mitsempha sigwira ntchito moyenera, kuwapangitsa kukulitsa, kukhathamiritsa, ndikudzaza magazi.
• Zizindikiro zoyambirira zimawoneka bwino, mitsempha yosokoneza.
• Kupweteka, kutupa, kulemera, ndi kupweteka pamwamba kapena kuzungulira mitsempha yokulirapo kumatha kuchitika.
• Woopsa milandu mitsempha akhoza magazi ndi kupanga zilonda.
• Mitsempha ya varicose imapezeka m'miyendo.

Werengani nkhani yonse pamitsempha ya varicose.

Mitsempha yakuya (DVT)

Vutoli limawerengedwa kuti ndi vuto lachipatala. Kusamalira mwachangu kungafunike.

• Vuto lalikulu la mitsempha ndi vuto lalikulu lomwe limachitika magazi akaundana m'mitsempha yomwe ili mkatikati mwa thupi.
• Zizindikiro zimaphatikizira kutupa phazi, akakolo, kapena mwendo (nthawi zambiri mbali imodzi), kupweteka kwa mwana wamphongo mu mwendo wokhudzidwayo, komanso kupweteka kwambiri kapena kopanda tanthauzo phazi ndi mwendo.
• Zizindikiro zina zimaphatikizira gawo la khungu lomwe limamva kutentha kuposa khungu loyandikana nalo, ndi khungu pamalo omwe akhudzidwa limasuluka kapena mtundu wofiyira kapena wabuluu.
• Ma DVTs amatha kupita kumapapu omwe amayambitsa kuphatikizika kwamapapu.

Werengani nkhani yonse yokhudza mitsempha yakuya.

Ndi mikwingwirima iti yomwe ilipo?

Pali mitundu itatu ya mikwingwirima kutengera momwe thupi lanu lilili:

• Zosasintha mikwingwirima imachitika pansi pa khungu.
• Mitsempha mikwingwirima imapezeka mu minofu yapansi.
• Mikwingwirima ya Periosteal imapezeka m'mafupa.

Kodi zizindikiro za mikwingwirima ndi ziti?

Zizindikiro za mikwingwirima zimasiyana kutengera chifukwa. Kutuluka khungu nthawi zambiri kumakhala chizindikiro choyamba. Ngakhale nthawi zambiri amakhala akuda ndi amtambo, mikwingwirima itha kukhalanso:

• chofiira
• wobiriwira
• zofiirira
• bulauni
• wachikasu, komwe nthawi zambiri kumachitika ndikumapweteka kwa bala

Mwinanso mutha kumva ululu komanso kukoma mtima m'malo opunduka. Zizindikirozi zimakula bwino pakapita nthawi. Werengani zambiri za magawo okongola a mikwingwirima.

Zizindikiro zazikulu

Zizindikiro zina zimasonyeza vuto lalikulu kwambiri. Pitani kuchipatala ngati muli ndi:

• kuvulaza kowonjezera akamamwa aspirin (Bayer) kapena ena ochepetsa magazi
• kutupa ndi kupweteka m'dera lakuphwanya
• kuvulala komwe kumachitika atapweteka kwambiri kapena kugwa
• kuvulala komwe kumachitika limodzi ndi fupa lomwe likuganiziridwa kuti lathyoledwa
• kuphwanya popanda chifukwa
• mikwingwirima yomwe imalephera kuchira patatha milungu inayi
• kuvulaza pansi pa misomali yanu ndizopweteka
• kuvulala komwe kumatsagana ndi kutuluka magazi m'kamwa mwanu, mphuno, kapena mkamwa
• kuvulala komwe kumatsagana ndi magazi mumkodzo wanu, chopondapo, kapena m'maso

Komanso, onani wothandizira zaumoyo ngati muli ndi:

• kuvulaza kosafotokozedwa, makamaka mumachitidwe mobwerezabwereza
• mikwingwirima yomwe siimapweteka
• mikwingwirima yomwe imapezeka m'dera lomwelo popanda kuvulala
• mikwingwirima yakuda iliyonse miyendo yanu

Mikwingwirima yabuluu pamiyendo yanu imatha kubwera kuchokera ku mitsempha ya varicose, koma mikwingwirima yakuda imatha kuwonetsa mitsempha yakuya ya thrombosis (DVT), yomwe ndi kukula kwa magazi. Izi zitha kupha moyo.

Nchiyani chimayambitsa mikwingwirima?

Mikwingwirima yosadziwika yomwe imawonekera pachithunzi kapena bondo imatha kubwera chifukwa chobowola malowo pakhomo la chitseko, pogona, positi, kapena pampando osazindikira.

Zina mwazomwe zimayambitsa mikwingwirima ndi monga:

• kuvulala kwamasewera
• Ngozi zamagalimoto
• ziphuphu
• kuvulala pamutu
• bondo
• kupsyinjika kwa minofu
• kumenya, monga wina akumenyani kapena kukumenyani ndi mpira
• mankhwala omwe amachepetsa magazi, monga aspirin kapena warfarin (Coumadin)
• zowonjezera

Ziphuphu zomwe zimachitika pambuyo pocheka, kuwotcha, kugwa, kapena kuvulala sizachilendo. Si zachilendo kukulitsa mfundo m'dera la mabala. Mikwingwirima imeneyi imakhala ngati gawo la machiritso achilengedwe a thupi lanu. Nthawi zambiri, amakhala opanda nkhawa. Komabe, ngati muli ndi bala lomwe limapunduka, kutsegulidwanso, ndikupanga mafinya, madzi oyera, kapena magazi, pitani kuchipatala mwachangu. Izi zikhoza kukhala zizindikiro za matenda.

Ngati mwana ali ndi zipsera zosamveka, tengani kwa omwe amakuthandizani kuti adziwe chomwe chikuyambitsa. Kuvulaza mwana mosadziwika bwino ndi chizindikiro cha kudwala kapena kuchitiridwa nkhanza.

Mankhwala ena amathandizanso kuti muziphwanya. Izi zimakhala choncho makamaka ndi opopera magazi ndi corticosteroids. Mankhwala ena azitsamba, monga mafuta a nsomba, amakhala ndi zotsatira zofananira m'magazi ndipo zimatha kudzetsa zipsera. Muthanso kuwona kuvulala mutalandira jakisoni kapena kuvala zovala zolimba.

Ziphuphu zimakhalanso zofala kwa okalamba. Mukamakalamba, khungu lanu limayamba kuchepa, ndipo ma capillaries omwe ali pansi pa khungu lanu amatha kuswa.

Anthu ena amatunduka mosavuta, osakhudza thupi lawo. Amayi nawonso amakonda kuvulaza. Nthawi zambiri, izi sizowopsa. Komabe, ngati uku ndikukula kwaposachedwa, lankhulani ndi omwe amakuthandizani pa zaumoyo pazomwe zingayambitse zomwe mungachite ndi chithandizo chamankhwala.

Kusokonezeka kwa magazi

Nthawi zina kuvulaza kumayambitsidwa ndi vuto lomwe silimakhudzana ndi kuvulala. Matenda angapo otuluka m'magazi amatha kuyambitsa mabala pafupipafupi. Izi ndi monga:

• Von Willebrand matenda
• hemophilia A
• Matenda a Khirisimasi
• Chosowa cha VII
• Kusowa kwa factor X
• Kuperewera kwa chinthu V
• Kusowa kwa factor II

Momwe mungachitire mikwingwirima

Mutha kuthana ndi mikwingwirima kunyumba ndi izi:

• Gwiritsani ntchito phukusi la madzi oundana kuti muchepetse kutupa. Lembani paketiyo mu nsalu kuti mupewe kuyika mwachindunji pakhungu lanu lophwanyika. Siyani ayezi pakufinya kwanu kwa mphindi 15. Bwerezani izi ola lililonse ngati pakufunika kutero.
• Pumulani malo otundumuka.
• Ngati kuli kotheka, kwezani malo olalikika pamwamba pamtima panu kuti magazi asalowe munthawi yovulala.
• Tengani mankhwala owonjezera, monga acetaminophen (Tylenol), kuti muchepetse ululu m'deralo. Pewani aspirin kapena ibuprofen chifukwa imatha kuchulukitsa magazi.
• Valani nsonga ndi manja atali ndi mathalauza kuti muteteze mikwingwirima m'manja ndi miyendo yanu.

Momwe mungapewere kuvulala

Mwina simudzadutsa moyo musanalandirepo zipsera, koma mutha kupewa zipsera zina pokhala ochenjera mukamasewera, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, ndikuyendetsa.

Gwiritsani ntchito mapadi ogwada, zigongono, ndi minyewa mukamatsuka kapena kusewera masewera kuti mupewe kuvulala m'malo awa. Kuchepetsa chiopsezo chovulazidwa mukamasewera masewera ndi kuvala:

• alonda a shin
• mapepala amapewa
• alonda m'chiuno
• zikhomo za ntchafu

Nthaŵi zina mabala akuda ndi a buluu kuchokera kumabala amakhala achizolowezi. Ziphuphu zimatha kukhala zosasangalatsa, koma nthawi zambiri zimadzichiritsa zokha pokhapokha zikagwirizana ndi matenda. Onani wothandizira zaumoyo wanu ngati chovulalacho sichikulirakulira kapena kuthetsa mkati mwa milungu itatu.