Mlembi: Monica Porter
Tsiku La Chilengedwe: 17 Kuguba 2021
Sinthani Tsiku: 20 Novembala 2024
Anonim
Chilichonse Chimene Muyenera Kudziwa Zokhudza Khansa ya M'chiberekero - Thanzi
Chilichonse Chimene Muyenera Kudziwa Zokhudza Khansa ya M'chiberekero - Thanzi

Zamkati

Kodi khansa ya pachibelekero ndi chiyani?

Khansara ya chiberekero ndi mtundu wa khansa yomwe imayamba m'chibelekero. Khomo lachiberekero ndi cholembera chomwe chimalumikiza kumunsi kwa chiberekero cha mayi ndi nyini yake. Khansa yambiri ya khomo lachiberekero imayamba m'maselo omwe ali pamwamba pa khomo lachiberekero.

Khansa ya pachibelekero inali yomwe imapha kwambiri azimayi aku America. Izi zasintha kuyambira pomwe kuyesa zowunikira kunapezeka kwambiri.

Zizindikiro za khansa ya pachibelekero

Amayi ambiri omwe ali ndi khansa ya pachibelekero sazindikira kuti ali ndi matendawa koyambirira, chifukwa nthawi zambiri samayambitsa zizindikiro mpaka kumapeto. Zizindikiro zikayamba kuoneka, zimasochera mosavuta chifukwa chazofala monga msambo komanso matenda amikodzo (UTIs).

Zizindikiro za khansa ya pachibelekero ndi:

  • Kutuluka magazi kwachilendo, monga pakati pa nthawi, atagonana, kapena atatha kusamba
  • kutuluka kumaliseche komwe kumawoneka kapena kununkhira mosiyana ndi nthawi zonse
  • kupweteka kwa chiuno
  • ofunikira kukodza pafupipafupi
  • ululu pokodza

Mukawona zina mwazizindikirozi, pitani kuchipatala kuti akakuyeseni. Dziwani momwe adotolo azindikira khansa ya pachibelekero.


Khansa ya pachibelekero imayambitsa

Matenda ambiri a khansa ya pachibelekero amayamba chifukwa cha matenda opatsirana pogonana a papillomavirus (HPV). Ichi ndi kachilombo komwe kamayambitsa matenda opatsirana pogonana.

Pali mitundu pafupifupi 100 ya HPV. Mitundu ina yokha imayambitsa khansa ya pachibelekero. Mitundu iwiri yomwe imayambitsa khansa kwambiri ndi HPV-16 ndi HPV-18.

Kukhala ndi kachilombo ka HPV komwe kumayambitsa khansa sikutanthauza kuti mudzakhala ndi khansa ya pachibelekero. Chitetezo chanu cha mthupi chimachotsa matenda ambiri a HPV, nthawi zambiri mkati mwa zaka ziwiri.

HPV amathanso kuyambitsa khansa ina mwa amayi ndi abambo. Izi zikuphatikiza:

  • khansa ya kumaliseche
  • khansa ya kumaliseche
  • khansa ya penile
  • khansa ya kumatako
  • khansa ya m'matumbo
  • Khansa yapakhosi

HPV ndimatenda ofala kwambiri. Dziwani kuchuluka kwa achikulire omwe amagonana nawo nthawi ina iliyonse m'moyo wawo.

Chithandizo cha khansa ya pachibelekero

Khansa ya pachibelekero imatha kuchiza ngati mwaigwira msanga. Mankhwala anayi akulu ndi awa:


  • opaleshoni
  • mankhwala a radiation
  • chemotherapy
  • chithandizo chothandizira

Nthawi zina mankhwalawa amaphatikizidwa kuti awathandize kwambiri.

Opaleshoni

Cholinga cha opaleshoni ndikuchotsa khansa yambiri momwe zingathere. Nthawi zina adotolo amatha kuchotsa dera lokhala ndi khomo pachibelekeropo lomwe lili ndi ma khansa. Kwa khansa yomwe yafala kwambiri, opaleshoni ingaphatikizepo kuchotsa khomo pachibelekeropo ndi ziwalo zina m'chiuno.

Thandizo la radiation

Poizoniyu amapha maselo a khansa pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya X-ray. Itha kuperekedwa kudzera pamakina kunja kwa thupi. Itha kuperekedwanso kuchokera mkati mwa thupi pogwiritsa ntchito chubu chachitsulo choikidwa mchiberekero kapena kumaliseche.

Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy imagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kupha ma cell a khansa mthupi lonse. Madokotala amapereka mankhwalawa mozungulira. Mudzapeza chemo kwakanthawi. Kenako muimitsa mankhwalawa kuti mupatse thupi lanu nthawi yoti lipezenso bwino.

Chithandizo chofuna

Bevacizumab (Avastin) ndi mankhwala atsopano omwe amagwira ntchito mosiyana ndi chemotherapy ndi radiation. Zimalepheretsa kukula kwa mitsempha yatsopano yomwe imathandizira khansa kukula ndikupulumuka. Mankhwalawa amaperekedwa limodzi ndi chemotherapy.


Ngati dotolo wanu atulukira maselo omwe ali ndi khansa pachibelekeropo amatha kuchiritsidwa. Onani njira zomwe zimalepheretsa maselowa kuti asasanduke khansa.

Magawo a khansa ya pachibelekero

Mukapezeka, dokotala wanu adzakupatsani khansa gawo lanu. Sitejiyo imanena ngati khansara yafalikira, ndipo ngati ndi choncho, kufalikira mpaka pati. Kukhazikitsa khansa yanu kumatha kuthandiza dokotala kuti akupezereni chithandizo choyenera.

Khansara ya chiberekero ili ndi magawo anayi:

  • Gawo 1: Khansara ndi yaying'ono. Zitha kufalikira kumatenda am'mimba. Sinafalikire mbali zina za thupi lanu.
  • Gawo 2: Khansara ndi yayikulu. Zitha kufalikira kunja kwa chiberekero ndi khomo pachibelekeropo kapena kumatenda am'mimba. Sinafikebe mbali zina za thupi lanu.
  • Gawo 3: Khansayo yafalikira kumunsi kumaliseche kapena m'chiuno. Mwina kutsekereza ureters, machubu omwe amanyamula mkodzo kuchokera ku impso kupita ku chikhodzodzo. Sinafalikire mbali zina za thupi lanu.
  • Gawo 4: Khansara itha kufalikira kunja kwa mafupa a chiuno kupita ku ziwalo monga mapapu, mafupa, kapena chiwindi.

Kuyezetsa khansa ya pachibelekero

Pap smear ndi momwe madokotala amayesera kuti adziwe khansa ya pachibelekero. Kuti muchite izi, dokotala wanu amatenga maselo angapo kuchokera pachibelekero chanu. Maselowa amatumizidwa ku labu kuti akayesedwe ngati ali ndi khansa kapena khansa.

Ngati zosinthazi zapezeka, dokotala akhoza kupereka colposcopy, njira yowunika khomo lanu pachibelekeropo. Pakati pa mayeserowa, dokotala wanu amatha kutenga biopsy, yomwe ndi chitsanzo cha maselo amtundu wa chiberekero.

Izi zikulimbikitsa ndondomeko yotsatirayi kwa azimayi ndi zaka:

  • Zaka 21 mpaka 29: Patani kachilombo ka Pap kamodzi pa zaka zitatu zilizonse.
  • Zaka 30 mpaka 65: Pezani Pap smear kamodzi pa zaka zitatu zilizonse, pezani mayeso oopsa a HPV (hrHPV) zaka zisanu zilizonse, kapena mupezere mayeso a Pap smear kuphatikiza hrHPV zaka zisanu zilizonse.

Kodi mukufuna Pap smear? Phunzirani zomwe muyenera kuyembekezera pa mayeso a Pap.

Zomwe zimayambitsa khansa ya pachibelekero

HPV ndiye chiopsezo chachikulu cha khansa ya pachibelekero. Zinthu zina zomwe zingakulitsenso chiopsezo chanu ndi izi:

  • kachilombo ka HIV (HIV)
  • chlamydia
  • kusuta
  • kunenepa kwambiri
  • mbiri ya banja la khansa ya pachibelekero
  • chakudya chochepa zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba
  • kumwa mapiritsi olera
  • kukhala ndi pakati katatu
  • kukhala ochepera zaka 17 pamene mudakhala ndi pakati koyamba

Ngakhale mutakhala ndi chimodzi kapena zingapo mwa izi, simukuyenera kudwala khansa ya pachibelekero. Phunzirani zomwe mungayambe kuchita pakali pano kuti muchepetse chiopsezo chanu.

Matenda a khansa ya pachibelekero

Kwa khansara ya khomo lachiberekero yomwe imagwidwa koyambirira, ikadali yokhayokha pa khomo lachiberekero, kupulumuka kwa zaka zisanu ndi 92%.

Khansara ikafalikira m'chiuno, kupulumuka kwa zaka zisanu kumatsikira ku 56 peresenti. Khansara ikafalikira kumadera akutali a thupi, kupulumuka kumangokhala 17 peresenti.

Kuyesedwa pafupipafupi ndikofunikira pakusintha malingaliro azimayi omwe ali ndi khansa ya pachibelekero. Khansayi ikagwidwa msanga, imachiritsidwa.

Opaleshoni ya khansa ya pachibelekero

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya opareshoni imathandizira khansa ya pachibelekero. Zomwe dokotala wanu amalimbikitsa zimadalira momwe khansara yafalikira.

  • Cryosurgery amaundana ma cell a khansa ndi kafukufuku yemwe adayikidwa m'chibelekero.
  • Opaleshoni ya Laser imayaka maselo osazolowereka okhala ndi mtanda wa laser.
  • Conization imachotsa gawo lachiberekero loboola pakati pogwiritsa ntchito mpeni, laser, kapena waya woonda wotenthedwa ndi magetsi.
  • Hysterectomy imachotsa chiberekero chonse ndi khomo pachibelekeropo. Pamene pamwamba pa nyini imachotsedwanso, amatchedwa hysterectomy yopambana.
  • Trachelectomy imachotsa khomo pachibelekeropo ndi pamwamba pa nyini, koma imasiya chiberekero m'malo mwake kuti mkazi adzakhale ndi ana mtsogolo.
  • Kutentha kwa m'mimba kumachotsa chiberekero, nyini, chikhodzodzo, rectum, ma lymph node, ndi gawo la koloni, kutengera komwe khansara yafalikira.

Kupewa khansa ya pachibelekero

Njira imodzi yosavuta yopewera khansa ya pachibelekero ndiyo kuyesedwa pafupipafupi ndi mayeso a Pap smear ndi / kapena hrHPV. Kuwunika kumatenga ma cell omwe amatha kupangika, kuti athe kulandira chithandizo asanasinthe khansa.

Matenda a HPV amachititsa matenda ambiri a khansa ya pachibelekero. Matendawa amatha kupewedwa ndi katemera wa Gardasil ndi Cervarix. Katemera ndiwothandiza kwambiri munthu asanayambe kugonana. Anyamata ndi atsikana atha kulandira katemera wa HPV.

Nazi njira zingapo zomwe mungachepetse chiopsezo cha HPV ndi khansa ya pachibelekero:

  • Chepetsani kuchuluka kwa omwe mumagonana nawo
  • nthawi zonse gwiritsani ntchito kondomu kapena njira ina yotchingira mukamagonana, mkamwa, kapena kumatako

Zotsatira zosazolowereka za Pap smear zikuwonetsa kuti muli ndi maselo osakhazikika m'mimba mwanu. Dziwani zoyenera kuchita ngati mayeso anu abweranso kuti muli ndi HIV.

Ziwerengero za khansa ya pachibelekero

Nazi ziwerengero zazikulu za khansa ya pachibelekero.

American Cancer Society ikuyerekeza kuti mu 2019, pafupifupi azimayi 13,170 aku America adzapezeka ndi khansa ya pachibelekero ndipo 4,250 amwalira ndi matendawa. Matenda ambiri amapezeka mwa amayi azaka zapakati pa 35 ndi 44.

Amayi aku Puerto Rico ndiwo mtundu wambiri womwe ungatenge khansa ya pachibelekero ku United States. Amwenye Achimereka ndi Amwenye ali ndi mitengo yotsika kwambiri.

Kuchuluka kwa imfa kuchokera ku khansa ya pachibelekero kwatsika pazaka zambiri. Kuyambira 2002-2016, chiwerengero cha omwalira chinali 2.3 pa azimayi 100,000 pachaka. Mwa zina, kuchepa uku kudachitika chifukwa chowunika bwino.

Khansara ya chiberekero ndi mimba

Sikovuta kupezeka ndi khansa ya pachibelekero muli ndi pakati, koma zimatha kuchitika. Khansa yambiri yomwe imapezeka panthawi yapakati imapezeka koyambirira.

Kuchiza khansa mukakhala ndi pakati kumatha kukhala kovuta. Dokotala wanu akhoza kukuthandizani kusankha chithandizo chokhudzana ndi khansa yanu komanso kutalika komwe muli ndi pakati.

Ngati khansara idakali koyambirira, mutha kudikirira kuti mupereke musanayambe kumwa mankhwala. Pankhani ya khansa yotsogola kwambiri pomwe chithandizo chimafunikira minyewa kapena cheza, muyenera kusankha ngati mupitiliza kutenga pakati.

Madokotala amayesa kubala mwana wanu akangomwalira kunja kwa chiberekero.

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