Momwe mungadzitetezere ku coronavirus (COVID-19)

Zamkati

• Chisamaliro chachikulu kuti mudziteteze ku HIV
• 1. Momwe mungadzitetezere kunyumba
• Momwe mungakonzekerere chipinda chakunyumba
• Ndani akuyenera kuyikidwa mchipinda chodzipatula
• 2. Momwe mungadzitetezere kuntchito
• 3. Momwe mungadzitetezere m'malo opezeka anthu ambiri
• Zomwe mungachite ngati mukukayikira
• Kodi ndizotheka kupeza COVID-19 kangapo?
• Kutalika kwa SARS-CoV-2 kupulumuka
• Momwe kachilomboka kamakhudzira thupi

Coronavirus yatsopano, yotchedwa SARS-CoV-2, komanso yomwe imayambitsa matenda a COVID-19, yadzetsa matenda ochulukirapo padziko lonse lapansi. Izi ndichifukwa choti kachilomboka kangathe kufalikira mosavuta pokhosomola ndi kuyetsemula, kudzera m'malovu am'matumbo ndi zotupa zomwe zimayimitsidwa mlengalenga.

Zizindikiro za COVID-19 ndizofanana ndi za chimfine, zomwe zimatha kuyambitsa chifuwa, malungo, kupuma movutikira komanso kupweteka mutu. Malingaliro a WHO ndikuti aliyense amene ali ndi zizindikilo komanso amene walumikizana ndi munthu yemwe angatenge kachilomboka, alumikizane ndi azaumoyo kuti adziwe momwe angachitire.

Onani zisonyezo zazikulu za COVID-19 ndikutenga mayeso athu pa intaneti kuti mudziwe vuto lanu.

Chisamaliro chachikulu kuti mudziteteze ku HIV

Ponena za anthu omwe alibe kachilomboka, malangizowa akuyenera makamaka kudziteteza kuti asatenge kachilomboka. Chitetezo ichi chitha kuchitika kudzera munjira zothanirana ndi mtundu uliwonse wa kachilombo, monga:

1. Sambani m'manja pafupipafupi ndi sopo kwa masekondi osachepera 20, makamaka mutakumana ndi munthu yemwe mwina akudwala;
2. Pewani kupita kumalo opezeka anthu ambiri, otsekedwa komanso odzaza, monga malo ogulitsira kapena malo ochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi, amakonda kukhala panyumba nthawi yayitali;
3. Phimbani pakamwa panu ndi mphuno nthawi iliyonse yomwe mukufuna kutsokomola kapena kuyetsemula, pogwiritsa ntchito mpango kapena zovala;
4. Pewani kukhudza maso, mphuno ndi pakamwa;
5. Valani zophimba kumaso ngati mukudwala, kuphimba mphuno ndi pakamwa panu nthawi iliyonse mukafuna kukhala m'nyumba kapena ndi anthu ena;
6. Osagawana nawo zinthu zanu zomwe zitha kukhudzana ndimadontho amate kapena zotsekemera, monga zodulira, magalasi ndi mabotolo amano;
7. Pewani kukhudzana ndi nyama zamtchire kapena nyama iliyonse yomwe ikuwoneka kuti ikudwala;
8. Khalani m'nyumba m'nyumba mpweya wokwanira, kutsegula zenera kuti mpweya uziyenda;
9. Phikani chakudya musanadye, makamaka nyama, komanso kutsuka kapena kusenda zakudya zomwe siziyenera kuphikidwa, monga zipatso.

Onerani vidiyo yotsatirayi ndikumvetsetsa bwino momwe kufalikira kwa coronavirus kumachitikira komanso momwe mungadzitetezere:

1. Momwe mungadzitetezere kunyumba

Pakakhala mliri, monga zikuchitikira ndi COVID-19, ndizotheka kuti tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tizikhala pakhomo nthawi yayitali, kuti tipewe kudzaza anthu m'malo opezeka anthu ambiri, chifukwa izi zitha kupatsira kufalitsa kachilomboka.

Zikatero, ndikofunikira kukhala ndi chisamaliro chapadera kunyumba kuti muteteze banja lonse, monga:

• Chotsani nsapato ndi zovala pakhomo lolowera mnyumbamo, makamaka ngati mwakhala muli pagulu ndi anthu ambiri;
• Sambani m'manja musanalowe m'nyumba kapena, ngati sizingatheke, atangolowa m'nyumba;
• Nthawi zonse malo oyera ndi zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambirimonga matebulo, matebulo, zolumikizira zitseko, makina akutali, kapena mafoni. Pofuna kutsuka, zothira zothira kapena chosakaniza cha 250 ml ya madzi ndi supuni imodzi ya bleach (sodium hypochlorite) itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Kuyeretsa kuyenera kuchitidwa ndi magolovesi;
• Tsukani zovala zogwiritsidwa ntchito panja kapena zomwe zimawonongeka. Chofunika ndikutsuka kutentha kwambiri komwe kumalimbikitsa mtundu wa nsalu pachidutswa chilichonse. Munthawi imeneyi ndikofunikira kuti muvale magolovesi;
• Pewani kugawana mbale, zodulira kapena magalasi ndi abale, kuphatikiza kugawana chakudya;
• Pewani kucheza kwambiri ndi abale anu, makamaka ndi iwo omwe amafunikira kupita kumalo opezeka anthu ambiri, kupewa kupsompsona kapena kukumbatirana pakakhala mliri waukulu.

Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kusunga zonse zoteteza ku ma virus, monga kuphimba mphuno ndi pakamwa nthawi iliyonse yomwe mungafune kukhosomola kapena kuyetsemula, komanso kupewa kudzaza anthu ambiri mchipinda chimodzi kunyumba.

Ngati pali wodwala mnyumbayo ndikofunikira kukhala ndi njira zina zodzitetezera, kungakhale kofunikira kuti mumuike m'chipinda chayekha.

Momwe mungakonzekerere chipinda chakunyumba

Chipinda chodzipatulira chimalekanitsa anthu odwala ndi ena onse abanja athanzi, mpaka dokotala atatulutsa kapena mpaka mayeso a coronavirus atachitika. Izi ndichifukwa choti, pomwe coronavirus imayambitsa chimfine kapena chimfine, palibe njira yodziwira yemwe angatenge kachilomboka kapena ayi.

Chipinda chamtunduwu sichifunika kukonzekera mwapadera, koma chitseko chizikhala chotseka nthawi zonse ndipo wodwalayo sayenera kutuluka mchipindacho. Ngati ndikofunikira kutuluka kuti mupite kubafa, mwachitsanzo, ndikofunikira kuti chigoba chigwiritsidwe ntchito kuti munthu azitha kuyendayenda m'makonde a nyumbayo. Pamapeto pake, bafa liyenera kutsukidwa ndi kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda nthawi iliyonse ikagwiritsidwa ntchito, makamaka chimbudzi, shawa ndi sinki.

Mkati mwa chipindacho, munthuyo ayenera kusamaliranso chimodzimodzi, monga kugwiritsa ntchito mpango wothira kuphimba mkamwa ndi mphuno nthawi iliyonse akafuna kutsokomola kapena kuyetsemula ndikusamba kapena kuthira manja m'manja pafupipafupi. Chilichonse chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mchipinda, monga mbale, magalasi kapena zodulira, ziyenera kunyamulidwa ndi magolovesi ndikutsukidwa nthawi yomweyo, ndi sopo ndi madzi.

Kuphatikiza apo, ngati munthu wathanzi akufunika kulowa mchipindacho, ayenera kusamba m'manja asanafike komanso akakhala mchipindamo, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito magolovesi omwe amatha kutayika komanso chigoba.

Ndani akuyenera kuyikidwa mchipinda chodzipatula

Chipinda chodzipatulira chiyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ofooka kapena owoneka bwino omwe amatha kuchiritsidwa kunyumba, monga malaise wamba, kutsokomola nthawi zonse ndi kuyetsemula, kutentha thupi pang'ono kapena mphuno.

Ngati munthuyo ali ndi zizindikiro zowopsa, monga kutentha thupi komwe sikumayenda bwino kapena kupuma movutikira, ndikofunikira kulumikizana ndi azaumoyo ndikutsatira upangiri wa akatswiri. Ngati tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mupite kuchipatala, muyenera kupewa kugwiritsa ntchito zoyendera pagulu ndipo nthawi zonse mugwiritse ntchito chigoba chotayika.

2. Momwe mungadzitetezere kuntchito

Nthawi yamatenda, monganso COVID-19, chofunikira ndichakuti ntchito imachitika kuchokera kunyumba ngati kuli kotheka. Komabe, nthawi zina pamene izi sizingatheke, pali malamulo ena omwe amathandiza kuchepetsa chiopsezo chotenga kachilombo kuntchito:

• Pewani kucheza kwambiri ndi omwe mumagwira nawo ntchito kudzera mwa kupsompsonana kapena kukumbatirana;
• Funsani odwala kuti azikhala kunyumba ndipo musapite kuntchito. Zomwezo zimagwiranso ntchito kwa anthu omwe ali ndi zizindikilo zosadziwika;
• Pewani kudzaza anthu ambiri m'zipinda zotsekaMwachitsanzo, m'malo odyera, amasinthana ndi anthu ochepa kuti adye nkhomaliro kapena chakudya;
• Sambani malo onse antchito, makamaka matebulo, mipando ndi zinthu zonse zogwirira ntchito, monga makompyuta kapena zowonera. Poyeretsa, titha kugwiritsa ntchito chotsukira chabwinobwino kapena madzi osakaniza 250 ml ndi supuni imodzi ya bulitchi (sodium hypochlorite). Kuyeretsa kuyenera kuchitidwa ndi magolovesi otayika.

Ku malamulowa kuyenera kuwonjezeredwa chisamaliro chokwanira ku mtundu uliwonse wa ma virus, monga kusunga mawindo kutseguka ngati kuli kotheka, kuti mpweya uzizungulira ndikuyeretsa chilengedwe.

3. Momwe mungadzitetezere m'malo opezeka anthu ambiri

Monga momwe zimakhalira pantchito, malo opezekanso anthu ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha pakafunika kutero. Izi zikuphatikizapo kupita kumsika kapena ku pharmacy kukagula zakudya kapena mankhwala.

Madera ena, monga malo ogulitsira, makanema, malo olimbitsira thupi, malo omwera kapena malo ogulitsira ayenera kupewedwa, chifukwa samawonedwa ngati zinthu zofunika kwambiri ndipo zitha kupangitsa kuti anthu azisonkhana.

Komabe, ngati kuli kofunikira kupita kumalo ena ake ndikofunikira kupeza chisamaliro china, monga:

• Khalani ndi nthawi yochepa momwe mungathere patsamba, kusiya nthawi yomweyo mukamaliza kugula;
• Pewani kugwiritsa ntchito zitseko zitseko ndi manja anu, pogwiritsa ntchito chigongono kutsegula chitseko ngati kuli kotheka;
• Sambani m'manja musanachoke pamalo pomwe pali anthu ambiri, kupewa kuipitsa galimoto kapena nyumba;
• Perekani zokonda nthawi ndi anthu ochepa.

Malo opezeka panja panja ndi mpweya wabwino, monga mapaki kapena minda, atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito poyenda kapena pakuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, koma ndikofunikira kupewa kuchita nawo zochitika pagulu.

Zomwe mungachite ngati mukukayikira

Amaganiziridwa kuti akudwala matenda a coronavirus yatsopano, SARS-CoV-2, pomwe munthuyo adalumikizana mwachindunji ndi milandu yotsimikizika kapena yokayikiridwa ya COVID-19 ndipo ali ndi zizindikiro za matendawa, monga chifuwa chachikulu, kupuma pang'ono komanso kuthamanga malungo.

Pakadali pano, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti munthuyo ayimbire "Disque Saúde" kudzera pa nambala 136 kapena Whatsapp: (61) 9938-0031, kuti alandire upangiri kuchokera kwa akatswiri azaumoyo ku Undunawu. Ngati auzidwa kuti apite kuchipatala kukayezetsa ndikutsimikizira kuti ali ndi matendawa, ndikofunikira kusamala kuti musapatsire ena kachilombo ka HIV, monga:

• Valani chigoba choteteza;
• Phimbani pakamwa panu ndi mphuno ndi pepala lamatenda nthawi iliyonse mukafunika kutsokomola kapena kuyetsemula, ndikutaya zinyalala mutagwiritsa ntchito;
• Pewani kukhudzana mwachindunji ndi anthu ena, kudzera pakukhudza, kupsompsona kapena kukumbatirana;
• Sambani m'manja musanatuluke m'nyumba ndipo mukangofika kuchipatala;
• Pewani kugwiritsa ntchito zoyendera pagulu popita kuchipatala kapena kuchipatala;
• Pewani kukhala m'nyumba ndi anthu ena.

Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kuchenjeza anthu omwe akhala akugwirizana m'masiku 14 apitawa, monga abale ndi abwenzi, za kukayikiraku, kuti anthuwa nawonso azikhala tcheru pakuwona zomwe zingachitike.

Ku chipatala ndi / kapena ntchito yazaumoyo, munthu yemwe akuganiziridwa kuti ndi COVID-19 adzaikidwa m'malo akutali kuti kachilombo ka HIV kasafalikire, kenako kuyezetsa magazi, monga PCR, kusanthula zotsekemera, kudzachitika. ndi chifuwa tomography, chomwe chimathandiza kuzindikira mtundu wa ma virus omwe akuyambitsa zizindikilo, kusiya kudzipatula pokhapokha zotsatira za mayeserazo zili zoipa kwa COVID-19. Onani momwe mayeso a COVID-19 amachitikira.

Kodi ndizotheka kupeza COVID-19 kangapo?

Pali milandu ina ya anthu omwe adatenga COVID-19 kangapo, komabe, komanso malinga ndi CDC ^[2], munthu yemwe anali ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matendawa amateteza chitetezo cha kachilombo kwa masiku osachepera 90, zomwe zimachepetsa kwambiri chiopsezo chotenga kachilomboka panthawiyi.

Ngakhale zili choncho, ngakhale mutakhala ndi kachiromboka, chitsogozo chake ndi kusunga njira zonse zomwe zingathandize kupewa matendawa, monga kusamba m'manja pafupipafupi, kuvala chophimba kumaso komanso kukhala kutali ndi anthu.

Kutalika kwa SARS-CoV-2 kupulumuka

Malinga ndi kafukufuku wofalitsidwa ndi gulu la ofufuza ochokera ku United States mu Marichi 2020 ^[1], zidapezeka kuti SARS-CoV-2, kachilombo katsopano kochokera ku China, imatha kupulumuka m'malo ena mpaka masiku atatu, komabe, nthawi ino imatha kusiyanasiyana kutengera momwe zinthu ziliri komanso zikhalidwe.

Chifukwa chake, nthawi yayitali, nthawi yamoyo ya kachilombo kamene imayambitsa COVID-19 ikuwoneka ngati:

• Pulasitiki ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri: mpaka masiku atatu;
• Mkuwa: Maola 4;
• Makatoni: Maola 24;
• Mwa mawonekedwe a ma aerosols, mutatha fogging, mwachitsanzo: mpaka maola atatu.

Kafukufukuyu akuwonetsa kuti kulumikizana ndi malo omwe ali ndi kachilomboka kungathenso kukhala njira yotumizira kachilombo koyambitsa matendawa, komabe pakufunika kufufuza kwina kuti zitsimikizire izi. Mulimonsemo, m'pofunika kutsatira njira zodzitetezera, monga kusamba m'manja, kumwa mowa osakaniza mowa komanso kupha tizilombo mobwerezabwereza pamalo omwe angakhale ndi kachilomboka. Mankhwalawa amatha kupangidwa ndi mankhwala otsekemera, 70% mowa kapena madzi osakaniza 250 ml ndi supuni imodzi ya bleach (sodium hypochlorite).

Onerani kanemayu ndipo onani kufunika kwa njirazi popewa mliri wa HIV:

Momwe kachilomboka kamakhudzira thupi

Coronavirus yomwe imayambitsa COVID-19, yotchedwa SARS-CoV-2, idapezeka posachedwa ndipo, chifukwa chake, sizikudziwika bwino zomwe zingayambitse mthupi.

Komabe, zimadziwika kuti, m'magulu ena omwe ali pachiwopsezo, matendawa amatha kuyambitsa zizindikilo zowopsa zomwe zitha kupha moyo. Maguluwa akuphatikizapo anthu omwe ali ndi chitetezo chofooka kwambiri, monga:

• Okalamba opitilira zaka 65;
• Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda osachiritsika monga matenda ashuga, kupuma kapena mavuto amtima;
• Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la impso;
• Anthu omwe amalandira chithandizo chamtundu wina chomwe chimakhudza chitetezo chamthupi, monga chemotherapy;
• Anthu omwe adasinthidwa.

M'maguluwa, coronavirus yatsopano imawoneka kuti imayambitsa zizindikiro zofananira ndi chibayo, Middle East kupuma kwamatenda (MERS) kapena matenda oopsa a kupuma (SARS), omwe amafunikira chithandizo chachikulu kuchipatala.

Kuphatikiza apo, odwala ena omwe amachiritsidwa ndi COVID-19 amawoneka kuti akuwonetsa zizindikilo monga kutopa kwambiri, kupweteka kwa minofu komanso kuvutika kugona, ngakhale atachotsa coronavirus mthupi lawo, vuto lotchedwa post-COVID syndrome. Onani vidiyo yotsatirayi zambiri za matendawa:

Wathu Podcast Dr. Mirca Ocanhas amafotokozera kukayika kwakukulu pakufunika kwakulimbitsa mapapo kuti tipewe zovuta za COVID-19: