Kodi Matenda a Coronary Artery Ndi Chiyani?

Zamkati

• Zimayambitsa matenda amitsempha yamagazi
• Zizindikiro za CAD
• Zizindikiro za CAD kwa amayi
• Zowopsa za CAD
• Kuzindikira CAD
• Kodi mankhwala a CAD ndi ati?
• Kodi CAD ili ndi chiyembekezo chotani?

Chidule

Mitsempha ya Coronary (CAD) imayambitsa kusayenda kwa magazi m'mitsempha yomwe imapereka magazi pamtima. Amatchedwanso matenda amtima (CHD), CAD ndiye mtundu wofala kwambiri wamatenda amtima ndipo umakhudza anthu aku America pafupifupi 16.5 miliyoni azaka zopitilira 20.

Ndichonso chomwe chimayambitsa kufa kwa amuna ndi akazi ku United States. Akuti pamasekondi 40 aliwonse, munthu wina ku United States amadwala mtima.

Matenda a mtima amatha kubwera kuchokera ku CAD yosalamulirika.

Zimayambitsa matenda amitsempha yamagazi

Chifukwa chofala kwambiri cha CAD ndimavulala am'mimba ndimatayala a cholesterol m'mitsempha, yotchedwa atherosclerosis. Kuchepetsa magazi kumachitika pamene imodzi kapena zingapo mwa mitsempha imeneyi imatsekedwa pang'ono kapena kwathunthu.

Mitsempha ikuluikulu inayi ikupezeka pamwamba pamtima:

• Mitsempha ikuluikulu yamanja
• mitsempha yayikulu yamanzere
• mitsempha yamanzere ya circumflex
• anasiya kutsogolo kutsika mtsempha wamagazi

Mitsempha imeneyi imabweretsa mpweya wabwino komanso magazi opatsa thanzi kumtima kwanu. Mtima wanu ndi minofu yomwe imayambitsa kupopera magazi mthupi lanu lonse. Malinga ndi chipatala cha Cleveland, mtima wathanzi umayenda pafupifupi malita 3,000 amwazi mthupi lanu tsiku lililonse.

Monga chiwalo chilichonse kapena minofu, mtima wanu uyenera kulandira magazi okwanira, odalirika kuti mugwire ntchito yake. Kuchepetsa magazi mumtima mwanu kungayambitse zizindikiro za CAD.

Zina mwazomwe zimayambitsa kuwonongeka kapena kutsekeka kwa mtsempha wamagazi zimathandizanso kuti magazi aziyenda mpaka pamtima.

Zizindikiro za CAD

Mtima wanu ukakhala kuti mulibe magazi okwanira, mumatha kukhala ndi zizindikilo zosiyanasiyana. Angina (kusapeza bwino pachifuwa) ndichizindikiro chofala kwambiri cha CAD. Anthu ena amafotokoza izi ngati:

• kupweteka pachifuwa
• kulemera
• zolimba
• kuyaka
• kufinya

Zizindikirozi amathanso kulakwitsa chifukwa cha kutentha pa chifuwa kapena kudzimbidwa.

Zizindikiro zina za CAD ndi monga:

• kupweteka m'manja kapena m'mapewa
• kupuma movutikira
• thukuta
• chizungulire

Mutha kukhala ndi zizindikilo zambiri pamene magazi anu saloledwa. Ngati kutseka kumachepetsa kutuluka kwamagazi kwathunthu kapena pafupifupi kwathunthu, minofu yanu yamtima imayamba kufa ngati singabwezeretsedwe. Uku ndikudwala kwa mtima.

Osanyalanyaza chimodzi mwazizindikirozi, makamaka ngati zili zowawa kapena zotalika kupitirira mphindi zisanu. Chithandizo chamankhwala chofunikira ndikofunikira.

Zizindikiro za CAD kwa amayi

Amayi amathanso kukumana ndi izi pamwambapa, koma amakhalanso ndi izi:

• nseru
• kusanza
• kupweteka kwa msana
• kupweteka kwa nsagwada
• kupuma movutikira osamva kupweteka pachifuwa

Amuna ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda amtima kuposa azimayi omwe amadwala msambo. Amayi omwe atha msinkhu atatha zaka 70 amakhala ndi chiopsezo chofanana ndi amuna.

Chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa magazi, mtima wanu ukhozanso:

• kufooka
• khalani ndi mitima yachilendo (arrhythmia) kapena mitengo
• amalephera kupopa magazi ochuluka monga momwe thupi lanu likufunira

Dokotala wanu azindikira zovuta za mtima izi mukazindikira.

Zowopsa za CAD

Kumvetsetsa zomwe zimayambitsa chiopsezo cha CAD kungathandize pa pulani yanu yopewera kapena kuchepetsa mwayi wakukula kwa matendawa.

Zowopsa ndi izi:

• kuthamanga kwa magazi
• kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'magazi
• kusuta fodya
• insulin kukana / hyperglycemia / matenda ashuga
• kunenepa kwambiri
• kusagwira ntchito
• kudya mosayenera
• matenda obanika kutulo
• kupsinjika mtima
• kumwa mowa kwambiri
• Mbiri ya preeclampsia panthawi yoyembekezera

Kuopsa kwa CAD kumawonjezeka ndi zaka. Kutengera zaka zokha zomwe zimawopsa, amuna amakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matendawa kuyambira azaka 45 ndipo azimayi ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu kuyambira zaka 55. Chiwopsezo cha matenda amitsempha yam'mimba ndichonso chachikulu ngati muli ndi mbiri yabanja yamatendawa .

Kuzindikira CAD

Kuzindikira CAD kumafunikira kuwunika mbiri yanu yazachipatala, kuwunika thupi, ndi kuyezetsa kwina kwachipatala. Mayesowa akuphatikizapo:

• Electrocardiogram: Kuyesaku kumayang'anira zizindikiro zamagetsi zomwe zimadutsa mumtima mwanu. Zitha kuthandiza dokotala kudziwa ngati mwadwalapo mtima.
• Zojambulajambula: Kuyesa kwamaganizidwe uku kumagwiritsa ntchito mafunde a ultrasound kuti apange chithunzi cha mtima wanu. Zotsatira za kuyesaku zikuwonetsa ngati zinthu zina mumtima mwanu zikuyenda bwino.
• Kuyesa kwa kupsinjika: Mayesowa amayesa kupsinjika kwa mtima wanu nthawi yakulimbitsa thupi komanso kupumula. Kuyesaku kumayang'anira zochitika zamagetsi pamtima panu mukamayenda pa chopondera kapena kukwera njinga yoyima. Zithunzi zanyukiliya zitha kuchitidwanso gawo la mayeso. Kwa iwo omwe sangathe kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, mankhwala ena amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa kupsinjika.
• Catheterization yamtima (catheterization yamanzere yamtima): Pochita izi, dokotala wanu amalowetsa utoto wapadera m'mitsempha yanu kudzera mu catheter yolowetsedwa kudzera mumtsempha m'mimba mwanu. Utoto umathandizira kukulitsa chithunzi cha mawonekedwe amitsempha yama coronary anu kuti muzindikire zotchinga zilizonse.
• Kujambula mtima kwa CT: Dokotala wanu akhoza kugwiritsa ntchito mayeso ojambulawa kuti aone kashiamu m'mitsempha yanu.

Kodi mankhwala a CAD ndi ati?

Ndikofunika kuchepetsa kapena kuwongolera zomwe zimakupangitsani kukhala pachiwopsezo ndikupeza chithandizo chamankhwala kuti muchepetse vuto la mtima kapena sitiroko, ngati mwapezeka ndi CAD. Chithandizo chimadaliranso thanzi lanu, zoopsa, komanso thanzi lanu lonse. Mwachitsanzo, dokotala wanu akhoza kukupatsani mankhwala ochizira cholesterol kapena kuthamanga kwa magazi, kapena mungalandire mankhwala oletsa shuga wamagazi ngati muli ndi matenda ashuga.

Kusintha kwa moyo kumathandizanso kuti muchepetse matenda amtima komanso kupwetekedwa mtima. Mwachitsanzo:

• kusiya kusuta fodya
• kuchepetsa kapena kusiya kumwa mowa
• kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse
• kuonda thupi msinkhu wathanzi
• idyani chakudya chopatsa thanzi (mafuta ochepa, sodium wocheperako)

Ngati matenda anu sakusintha ndi kusintha kwa moyo wanu ndi mankhwala, dokotala wanu angakulimbikitseni njira yowonjezera magazi mumtima mwanu. Njirazi zitha kukhala:

• chibaluni angioplasty: kukulitsa mitsempha yotsekedwa ndikuchepetsanso zolembapo, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimachitika ndikulowetsa stent yothandizira kuti kuwala kutseguke pambuyo potsatira
• Mitsempha yam'mimba imadutsa kuchitidwa opaleshoni: kuti abwezeretse kuthamanga kwa magazi kumtima mu opaleshoni yotseguka pachifuwa
• kulimbikitsidwa kwachilendo kwina: kulimbikitsa mapangidwe amitsempha yamagazi yaying'ono yatsopano kuti izitha kudutsa mitsempha yotsekeka mosalekeza

Kodi CAD ili ndi chiyembekezo chotani?

Maganizo a aliyense wa CAD ndi osiyana. Muli ndi mwayi wabwino wopewa kuwonongeka kwakukulu pamtima wanu koyambirira koyambirira komwe mungayambe mankhwala anu kapena kusintha kusintha kwa moyo wanu.

Ndikofunika kutsatira malangizo a dokotala wanu. Tengani mankhwala monga akuwongolera ndikusintha moyo wanu. Ngati muli ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha CAD, mutha kuthandiza kupewa matendawa pochepetsa zoopsa zanu.