Kuyesedwa kwa Matenda a Shuga

Zamkati

• Ndani ayenera kuyezetsa matenda ashuga?
• Kuyesedwa kwa magazi ashuga
• Mayeso a A1c
• Kuyesa magazi mosasintha
• Kusala kudya kuyesa kwa magazi
• Mayeso olekerera pakamwa
• Kuyeza mkodzo kwa matenda ashuga
• Mayeso a matenda ashuga

Kodi matenda a shuga ndi chiyani?

Matenda ashuga ndi omwe amakhudza kuthekera kwa thupi kupanga kapena kugwiritsa ntchito insulin. Insulini imathandizira thupi kugwiritsa ntchito shuga wamagazi ngati mphamvu. Matenda ashuga amabweretsa shuga wamagazi (magazi m'magazi) omwe amakula kwambiri.

Popita nthawi, matenda ashuga amawononga mitsempha yamagazi ndi mitsempha, ndikupangitsa zizindikilo zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza:

• zovuta kuwona
• kumva kulira komanso dzanzi m'manja ndi m'mapazi
• chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha matenda a mtima kapena kupwetekedwa mtima

Kuzindikira koyambirira kumatanthauza kuti mutha kuyamba kulandira chithandizo ndikuchitapo kanthu kuti mukhale ndi moyo wathanzi.

Ndani ayenera kuyezetsa matenda ashuga?

Matenda a shuga atangoyamba kumene akhoza kapena sangayambitse zizindikiro zambiri. Muyenera kuyesedwa ngati mukukumana ndi zina mwazizindikiro zoyambirira zomwe zimachitika nthawi zina, kuphatikiza:

• kukhala ndi ludzu kwambiri
• kumva kutopa nthawi zonse
• kumva njala kwambiri, ngakhale mutadya
• kukhala ndi masomphenya olakwika
• kukodza nthawi zambiri kuposa masiku onse
• kukhala ndi zilonda kapena mabala omwe sangachiritse

Anthu ena ayenera kuyezetsa matenda a shuga ngakhale sakukumana ndi zizindikiro. American Diabetes Association (ADA) ikukulimbikitsani kuti mukayezetse matenda ashuga ngati mukulemera kwambiri (index of mass kuposa 25) ndikugwera mgulu lililonse mwamagawo awa:

• Ndiwe mtundu womwe uli pachiwopsezo chachikulu (African-American, Latino, Native American, Pacific Islander, Asia-American, pakati pa ena).
• Muli ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi, kuthamanga kwa triglycerides, cholesterol chochepa cha HDL, kapena matenda amtima.
• Muli ndi mbiri yakubadwa ndi matenda ashuga.
• Muli ndi mbiri yapa shuga wambiri wamagazi kapena zizindikilo za kukana kwa insulin.
• Simumachita zochitika zolimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse.
• Ndiwe mkazi yemwe uli ndi mbiri ya polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) kapena matenda a shuga.

ADA ikulimbikitsanso kuti mukayezetse magazi koyamba mukadakwanitsa zaka 45. Izi zimakuthandizani kukhazikitsa maziko oyambira shuga. Chifukwa chiopsezo chanu cha matenda ashuga chimakulirakulira, kuyezetsa kumatha kukuthandizani kuzindikira mwayi wokhala nawo.

Kuyesedwa kwa magazi ashuga

Mayeso a A1c

Kuyezetsa magazi kumathandiza dokotala kudziwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi mthupi. Kuyesedwa kwa A1c ndi chimodzi mwazofala kwambiri chifukwa zotsatira zake zimayesa kuchuluka kwa shuga wamagazi pakapita nthawi, ndipo simuyenera kuchita kusala.

Chiyesocho chimadziwikanso kuti glycated hemoglobin test. Amayeza kuchuluka kwa shuga komwe kumadziphatika m'maselo ofiira m'thupi lanu m'miyezi iwiri kapena itatu yapitayi.

Popeza maselo ofiira amakhala ndi moyo pafupifupi miyezi itatu, mayeso a A1c amayesa shuga wanu wamagazi pafupifupi miyezi itatu. Kuyesaku kumafuna kusonkhanitsa magazi ochepa. Zotsatira zimayesedwa ndi peresenti:

• Zotsatira zosakwana 5.7 peresenti ndizabwinobwino.
• Zotsatira pakati pa 5.7 ndi 6.4 peresenti zimawonetsa ma prediabetes.
• Zotsatira zofananira kapena zopitilira 6.5% zimawonetsa matenda ashuga.

Mayeso a labu amakhala okhazikika ndi National Glycohemoglobin Standardization Program (NGSP). Izi zikutanthauza kuti zilibe kanthu kuti labu ikuyesa bwanji, njira zoyesera magazi ndizofanana.

Malinga ndi National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, mayesero okha omwe avomerezedwa ndi NGSP ndi omwe angawonekere kukhala okwanira kuti athe kupeza matenda ashuga.

Anthu ena atha kukhala ndi zotsatira zosiyanasiyana pogwiritsa ntchito mayeso a A1c. Izi zimaphatikizapo amayi apakati kapena anthu omwe ali ndi hemoglobin yapadera yomwe imapangitsa kuti mayesowo akhale olakwika. Dokotala wanu angakuuzeni mayesero ena a shuga m'mikhalidwe imeneyi.

Kuyesa magazi mosasintha

Kuyesedwa kwa shuga mosasintha kumakhudza kukoka magazi nthawi iliyonse, ziribe kanthu kuti mwadya liti komaliza. Zotsatira zofanana kapena zazikulu kuposa mamiligalamu 200 pa desilita imodzi (mg / dL) zikuwonetsa matenda ashuga.

Kusala kudya kuyesa kwa magazi

Kusala kudya mayeso a shuga kumaphatikizapo kukoka magazi anu mutasala kudya usiku wonse, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimatanthauza kuti musadye maola 8 kapena 12:

• Zotsatira zosakwana 100 mg / dL ndizabwinobwino.
• Zotsatira pakati pa 100 ndi 125 mg / dL zikuwonetsa ma prediabetes.
• Zotsatira zofanana kapena zazikulu kuposa 126 mg / dL pambuyo poyesedwa kawiri zikuwonetsa matenda ashuga.

Mayeso olekerera pakamwa

Kuyezetsa magazi m'kamwa (OGTT) kumachitika pakadutsa maola awiri. Shuga wamagazi anu amayesedwa koyambirira, kenako ndikupatsani zakumwa zotsekemera. Pambuyo pa maola awiri, magazi anu amayesedwanso:

• Zotsatira zosakwana 140 mg / dL ndizabwinobwino.
• Zotsatira pakati pa 140 ndi 199 mg / dL zikuwonetsa ma prediabetes.
• Zotsatira zofanana kapena zazikulu kuposa 200 mg / dL zikuwonetsa matenda ashuga.

Kuyeza mkodzo kwa matenda ashuga

Mayeso a mkodzo sagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse kuti apeze matenda a shuga. Nthawi zambiri madokotala amawagwiritsa ntchito ngati akuganiza kuti mwina muli ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu woyamba. Thupi limatulutsa matupi a ketone pamene mafuta amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mphamvu m'malo mwa shuga wamagazi. Laboratories amatha kuyesa mkodzo wa matupi a ketone awa.

Ngati matupi a ketone amapezeka pang'ono kapena pang'ono mumkodzo, izi zitha kuwonetsa kuti thupi lanu silikupanga insulin yokwanira.

Mayeso a matenda ashuga

Matenda a shuga amatha kupezeka pamene mayi ali ndi pakati. ADA ikuwonetsa kuti amayi omwe ali ndi zoopsa ayenera kuyezetsa matenda a shuga paulendo wawo woyamba kuti awone ngati ali ndi matenda ashuga. Gestational shuga imachitika m'chigawo chachiwiri ndi chachitatu.

Madokotala atha kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu iwiri ya mayeso kuti adziwe ngati ali ndi matenda ashuga.

Yoyamba ndiyeso loyesa kuyesa kwa glucose. Kuyezetsa kumeneku kumaphatikizapo kumwa mankhwala a shuga. Magazi amatengedwa pakatha ola limodzi kuti ayese kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Zotsatira za 130 mpaka 140 mg / dL kapena zochepa zimawoneka ngati zachilendo. Kuwerenga kopitilira muyeso kumawonetsa kufunikira koyesanso.

Kuyezetsa kotsatizana kwa shuga kumaphatikizapo kusadya chilichonse usiku umodzi. Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumayesedwa. Mayi woyembekezera ndiye amamwa mankhwala otentha kwambiri. Shuga wamagazi amayang'aniridwa ola lililonse kwa maola atatu. Ngati mayi ali ndi ziwerengero ziwiri kapena kupitilira apo kuposa momwe zimakhalira, zotsatira zake zimawonetsa kuti mayi ali ndi matenda ashuga.

Chiyeso chachiwiri chimaphatikizapo kuyesa mayeso olekerera glucose kwamaola awiri, ofanana ndi omwe tafotokozazi. Mtengo umodzi womwe ungatulukidwe ungakhale kuzindikira kwa matenda ashuga ogwiritsira ntchito mayeso awa.