Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa ADHD ndi ADD?

Zamkati

• Mitundu ya ADHD
• Kusasamala
• Kutengeka komanso kusakhudzidwa
• Zizindikiro zina
• ADHD Wamkulu
• Kukhwima
• Tengera kwina
• Mafunso ndi mayankho
• Funso:
• Yankho:

Chidule

Matenda a chidwi cha kuchepa kwa chidwi (ADHD) ndi amodzi mwamavuto omwe amapezeka kwambiri paubwana. ADHD ndi nthawi yayitali, ndipo vutoli limatha kusiyanasiyana pakati pa munthu ndi munthu. Pali ana pafupifupi 6.4 miliyoni ku United States, malinga ndi.

Vutoli nthawi zina limatchedwa chidwi deficit disorder (ADD), koma ili ndi nthawi yachikale. Mawuwa adagwiritsidwapo ntchito kutanthauza munthu yemwe anali ndi vuto loyang'ana koma sanali wokangalika. American Psychiatric Association idatulutsa Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disways, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) mu Meyi 2013. DSM-5 idasintha njira zodziwira munthu yemwe ali ndi ADHD.

Pitirizani kuwerenga kuti mudziwe zambiri za mitundu ndi zizindikiro za ADHD.

Mitundu ya ADHD

Pali mitundu itatu ya ADHD:

1. Wopanda chidwi

ADHD yosasamala ndi yomwe nthawi zambiri imatanthawuzidwa pamene wina agwiritsa ntchito mawu akuti ADD. Izi zikutanthauza kuti munthu amawonetsa zizindikilo zokwanira zosasamala (kapena kusokoneza kosavuta) koma samachita zinthu mopupuluma kapena mopupuluma.

2. Kutengeka / kutengeka

Mtunduwu umachitika munthu akakhala ndi zizindikilo zosakhudzidwa ndi kusakhudzidwa koma osachita chidwi.

3. Kuphatikiza

Kuphatikiza kwa ADHD ndipamene munthu amakhala ndi zizindikilo zakusasamala, kusakhazikika, komanso kusakhazikika.

Kusasamala

Kusasamala, kapena kuvuta kuyang'ana, ndi chizindikiro chimodzi cha ADHD. Dokotala amatha kuzindikira kuti mwana samanyalanyaza ngati mwanayo:

• amasokonezedwa mosavuta
• ndi kuyiwala, ngakhale m'zochitika za tsiku ndi tsiku
• satha kuyang'anitsitsa tsatanetsatane kuntchito yakusukulu kapena zochitika zina ndipo amalakwitsa mosasamala
• amavutika kusunga chidwi pa ntchito kapena zochitika
• Amanyalanyaza wokamba, ngakhale atalankhulidwa mwachindunji
• satsatira malangizo
• amalephera kumaliza ntchito yakusukulu kapena ntchito zapakhomo
• sataya chidwi kapena samatsata mosavuta
• ali ndi vuto ndi bungwe
• sakonda ndikupewa ntchito zomwe zimafunikira nthawi yayitali kulimbikira, monga homuweki
• amataya zinthu zofunika pantchito ndi zochitika

Kutengeka komanso kusakhudzidwa

Dokotala amatha kuzindikira kuti mwana ndiwosakhazikika kapena wopupuluma ngati mwanayo:

• imawoneka kuti imakhala ikupita nthawi zonse
• amalankhula mopitirira muyeso
• akuvutika kwambiri kudikirira nthawi yawo
• amagwedezeka pampando wawo, kugwedeza manja kapena mapazi, kapena fidgets
• amanyamuka pampando pomwe amayembekezeka kukhala pansi
• imathamanga mozungulira kapena kukwera m'malo osayenera
• sangathe kusewera mwakachetechete kapena kutenga nawo gawo pazochita zakusangalala
• akutulutsa yankho wina asanamalize kufunsa funso
• amalowerera ndikusokoneza ena mosalekeza

Zizindikiro zina

Kusasamala, kutengeka, komanso kusachita chidwi ndi zizindikilo zofunika kuti munthu adziwe za ADHD. Kuphatikiza apo, mwana kapena wamkulu ayenera kukwaniritsa izi kuti apezeke ndi ADHD:

• amawonetsa zizindikilo zingapo asanakwanitse zaka 12
• ali ndi zizindikilo m'malo angapo, monga kusukulu, kunyumba, ndi abwenzi, kapena nthawi zina
• ikuwonetsa umboni wowonekera kuti zizindikirazo zimasokoneza magwiridwe antchito awo kusukulu, kuntchito, kapena m'malo ochezera
• ali ndi zizindikilo zomwe sizimafotokozedwa ndimatenda ena, monga kusokonezeka kwa malingaliro kapena nkhawa

ADHD Wamkulu

Akuluakulu omwe ali ndi ADHD amakhala ndi vutoli kuyambira ali mwana, koma mwina sangapezeke mpaka mtsogolo m'moyo. Kuwunika kumachitika nthawi zambiri anzawo, achibale, kapena anzawo ogwira nawo ntchito omwe amawona zovuta kuntchito kapena maubale.

Akuluakulu akhoza kukhala ndi magawo atatu amtundu wa ADHD. Zizindikiro za akuluakulu a ADHD zimatha kusiyanasiyana ndi za ana chifukwa chakukula msinkhu kwa akulu, komanso kusiyana pakati pa akulu ndi ana.

Kukhwima

Zizindikiro za ADHD zimatha kukhala zofewa mpaka zovuta, kutengera mawonekedwe amunthu komanso chilengedwe. Anthu ena amakhala osatchera khutu kapena otakasuka akamachita ntchito yomwe sakusangalala nayo, koma amatha kuyang'ana ntchito zomwe amakonda. Ena atha kukhala ndi zizindikilo zowopsa. Izi zitha kukhudza sukulu, ntchito, komanso mayanjano.

Zizindikiro nthawi zambiri zimakhala zovuta kwambiri pamagulu osakhazikika kuposa momwe zimakhalira ndi mphotho. Mwachitsanzo, malo osewerera ndi gulu losakhazikika kwambiri. Kalasi itha kuyimira malo okhazikika komanso opindulitsa.

Zina, monga kukhumudwa, kuda nkhawa, kapena vuto la kuphunzira zitha kukulitsa zizindikilo.

Anthu ena amanena kuti zizindikiro zimatha ndi ukalamba. Wamkulu yemwe ali ndi ADHD yemwe anali wokonda kuchita zinthu ngati mwana akadatha kupeza kuti tsopano akhoza kukhala pansi kapena kuletsa kutengeka mtima.

Tengera kwina

Kuzindikira mtundu wanu wa ADHD kumakupatsani gawo limodzi kuti mupeze chithandizo choyenera. Onetsetsani kuti mukukambirana ndi dokotala za matenda anu kuti mupeze matenda olondola.

Mafunso ndi mayankho

Funso:

Kodi mwana akhoza "kutuluka" ADHD kapena angapitirire mpaka kukula ngati atapanda kuchiritsidwa?

Wosadziwika wodwala

Yankho:

Maganizo apano akusonyeza kuti pamene mwana amakula, kotekisi yoyambirira imakula ndikukula. Izi zimachepetsa zizindikilo. Akuti pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa atatu mwa anthu alibenso zizindikiro za ADHD atakula. Ena amatha kupitilizabe kukhala ndi zizindikilo, koma izi zimatha kukhala zofewa kuposa zomwe zimadziwika ali mwana.

A Timothy J. Legg, PhD, CRNPayankho amayimira malingaliro a akatswiri athu azachipatala. Zonse zomwe zili ndizachidziwikire ndipo siziyenera kuonedwa ngati upangiri wa zamankhwala.