Mafunso 15 ofunikira za coronavirus (COVID-19)

Zamkati

• 1. Kodi kachilomboka kamafalikira kudzera mumlengalenga?
• Kusintha kwa COVID-19
• 2. Ndani amene alibe zizindikiro zoti angathe kupatsira kachilomboka?
• 3. Kodi ndingatenge kachilomboko ngati ndalandira kale?
• 4. Gulu lowopsa ndi chiyani?
• Kuyesedwa pa intaneti: kodi ndinu m'gulu lomwe lili pachiwopsezo?
• 11. Kodi kutentha kwambiri kumapha kachilomboka?
• 12. Vitamini C amathandiza kuteteza ku COVID-19?
• 13. Kodi Ibuprofen imakulitsa zizindikiro za COVID-19?
• 14. Kodi kachilomboka kamakhalako nthawi yayitali bwanji?
• 15. Zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kukhala ndi zotsatira za mayeso?

COVID-19 ndimatenda omwe amayambitsidwa ndi mtundu watsopano wa coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, ndipo amadziwika ndi mawonekedwe azizindikiro zonga chimfine, monga malungo, kupweteka mutu komanso kufooka, kuphatikiza pamavuto apuma.

Matendawa adawonekera koyamba ku China, koma adafalikira mwachangu m'maiko angapo, ndipo COVID-19 tsopano yatengedwa ngati mliri. Kufalikira mwachangu kumeneku kumachitika makamaka chifukwa cha njira yosavuta yotumizira kachilomboka, yomwe imadutsa m'matope ndi malovu opumira omwe ali ndi kachilomboka ndipo amayimitsidwa mlengalenga, atatsokomola kapena ayetsemula, mwachitsanzo.

Ndikofunika kuti njira zodzitetezera zithandizire kupewa kupatsirana ndikufalitsa, kuthandiza kuthana ndi mliriwu. Dziwani zambiri za coronavirus, zizindikiro ndi momwe mungadziwire.

Popeza ndi kachilombo katsopano, pali zokayikira zingapo. Pansipa, tisonkhanitsa kukayikira kwakukulu kwa COVID-19 kuyesa kufotokozera aliyense:

1. Kodi kachilomboka kamafalikira kudzera mumlengalenga?

Kufala kwa kachilombo kamene kamayambitsa COVID-19 kumachitika makamaka ndikupumira m'malovu kapena malovu opuma omwe amakhala mlengalenga munthu wodwala akamatsokomola, kuyetsemula kapena kuyankhula, mwachitsanzo, kapena polumikizana ndi malo owonongeka.

Chifukwa chake, kuti tipewe kufalikira, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti anthu omwe atsimikiziridwa ndi coronavirus yatsopano, kapena omwe akuwonetsa zizindikiro zomwe zikuwonetsa kuti ali ndi kachilomboka, azivala maski oteteza kuti asapatsire ena.

Palibe milandu ndipo palibe umboni woti coronavirus yatsopano imatha kufalikira kudzera pakulumidwa ndi udzudzu, monga zomwe zimachitika ngati matenda ena monga dengue ndi yellow fever, mwachitsanzo, kungoganiziridwa kuti kufalitsaku kumachitika mwa kupuma madontho oimitsidwa mlengalenga momwe muli kachilomboka. Onani zambiri za kulengeza kwa COVID-19.

Kusintha kwa COVID-19

Mtundu watsopano wa SARS-CoV-2 wadziwika ku UK ndipo wasintha zosachepera 17 nthawi yomweyo, ndipo ofufuza akuganiza kuti vuto latsopanoli lingathe kufalitsa pakati pa anthu. Kuphatikiza apo, zidapezeka kuti 8 mwa zosinthazo zidachitika mu jini lomwe limakhazikitsa mapuloteni omwe ali pamwamba pa kachilomboka ndipo amalumikizana pamwamba pamaselo amunthu.

Chifukwa chake, chifukwa cha kusinthaku, mtundu watsopanowu wa kachilomboka, wotchedwa B1.1.17, ukhoza kukhala ndi mwayi wopatsirana komanso kutenga matenda. ^[4]. Mitundu ina, monga yaku South Africa, yotchedwa 1,351, ndi ya ku Brazil, yotchedwa P.1, ilinso ndi mphamvu yotumizira ena. Kuphatikiza apo, kusiyanasiyana kwa Brazil kulinso ndi kusintha kwina komwe kumapangitsa njira yodziwikiratu ndi ma antibodies kukhala kovuta kwambiri.

Komabe, ngakhale zili zotheka kufalikira, kusinthaku sikukhudzana ndi milandu yayikulu kwambiri ya COVID-19, koma maphunziro owonjezera amafunikira kuti athandizire kumvetsetsa machitidwe amitundu yatsopanoyi.

2. Ndani amene alibe zizindikiro zoti angathe kupatsira kachilomboka?

Inde, makamaka chifukwa cha nthawi yamatenda, ndiko kuti, nthawi yapakati pa matenda ndikuwoneka kwa zizindikilo zoyambirira, zomwe zimachitikira COVID-19 pafupifupi masiku 14. Chifukwa chake, munthuyo atha kukhala ndi kachilomboka osadziwa, ndipo ndizotheka kuti akhoza kupatsira anthu ena. Komabe, zodetsa zambiri zimawoneka ngati zimachitika pokhapokha munthu akayamba kutsokomola kapena kupilira.

Chifukwa chake, posakhala ndi zisonyezo, koma kukhala mgulu langozi kapena kulumikizana ndi anthu omwe atsimikiziridwa kuti ali ndi kachilomboka, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti kupatula anthu kuti achite izi, chifukwa mwanjira imeneyi ndizotheka kuwunika ngati pali zakhala zizindikiro ndipo, ngati ndi choncho, thandizani kufalikirako. Mvetsetsani chomwe chiri komanso momwe mungayikidwire.

3. Kodi ndingatenge kachilomboko ngati ndalandira kale?

Chiwopsezo chotenga kachilombo koyambitsa matendawa pambuyo poti matendawa adalipo kale, koma chikuwoneka kuti ndi chotsika, makamaka m'miyezi yoyamba itadwala. Malinga ndi CDC ^[4], Kafukufuku wapano akusonyeza kuti kutenga kachilomboka sikumadziwika m'masiku 90 oyambilira.

4. Gulu lowopsa ndi chiyani?

Gulu lowopsa limafanana ndi gulu la anthu omwe atha kukhala ndi vuto lalikulu la matendawa makamaka chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa chitetezo cha mthupi. Chifukwa chake, anthu omwe ali mgulu lachiwopsezo ndi anthu achikulire, azaka zapakati pa 60, ndipo / kapena omwe ali ndi matenda osachiritsika, monga matenda ashuga, matenda osokoneza bongo am'mapapo (COPD), kulephera kwa impso kapena kuthamanga kwa magazi.

Kuphatikiza apo, anthu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito ma immunosuppressants, omwe amalandira chemotherapy kapena omwe achita opaleshoni posachedwa, kuphatikiza kuziika, nawonso amawoneka kuti ali pachiwopsezo.

Ngakhale zovuta zazikulu zimachitika kawirikawiri mwa anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo, anthu onse mosasamala zaka kapena chitetezo cha mthupi amatha kutenga kachilombo, chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kutsatira malingaliro a Unduna wa Zaumoyo (MS) ndi Organisation World Health Organisation (WHO).

Kuyesedwa pa intaneti: kodi ndinu m'gulu lomwe lili pachiwopsezo?

Kuti mudziwe ngati muli m'gulu lomwe lili pachiwopsezo cha COVID-19, tengani mayeso apa intaneti:

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11. Kodi kutentha kwambiri kumapha kachilomboka?

Pakadali pano, palibe zomwe zikuwonetsa kutentha koyenera kwambiri kuti tipewe kufalikira ndikukula kwa kachilomboka. Komabe, coronavirus yatsopano yadziwika kale m'maiko angapo okhala ndi nyengo komanso kutentha kosiyanasiyana, zomwe zikuwonetsa kuti kachilomboka sikangakhudzidwe ndi izi.

Kuphatikiza apo, kutentha kwa thupi kumakhala pakati pa 36ºC ndi 37ºC, mosasamala kanthu kutentha kwa madzi omwe mumasamba kapena kutentha kwa malo omwe mukukhalamo, ndipo popeza coronavirus yatsopano imagwirizana ndi zizindikilo zingapo, ndi chizindikiro chomwe chimatha kukula mwachilengedwe mthupi la munthu, chomwe chimakhala ndi kutentha kwambiri.

Matenda omwe amayambitsidwa ndi mavairasi, monga chimfine ndi chimfine, amapezeka nthawi zambiri nthawi yachisanu, popeza anthu amakonda kukhala nthawi yayitali m'nyumba, osazungulira mpweya komanso ndi anthu ambiri, zomwe zimathandizira kufalitsa kachilombo pakati pa anthu. Komabe, monga COVID-19 idanenedwapo kale m'maiko momwe kuli chilimwe, akukhulupilira kuti kupezeka kwa kachilomboka sikukugwirizana ndi kutentha kwapamwamba kwambiri m'chilengedwe, komanso kumatha kufalikira mosavuta pakati pa anthu.

12. Vitamini C amathandiza kuteteza ku COVID-19?

Palibe umboni wa sayansi wosonyeza kuti vitamini C imathandizira kulimbana ndi coronavirus yatsopano. Chomwe chikudziwika ndikuti vitamini iyi imathandizira kukonza chitetezo cha mthupi, popeza ili ndi ma antioxidants ambiri omwe amalimbana ndi zopitilira muyeso zaulere, kupewa kupezeka kwa matenda opatsirana ndikutha kuthana ndi kuzizira.

Chifukwa ali ndi ma antioxidants ambiri, ofufuza ku China ^[2]akupanga kafukufuku yemwe akufuna kutsimikizira ngati kugwiritsa ntchito vitamini C kwa odwala kwambiri kumatha kupititsa patsogolo mapapo, kulimbikitsa kusintha kwa matenda, popeza vitamini iyi imatha kuteteza fuluwenza chifukwa chotsutsana ndi zotupa -kutupa.

Komabe, palibe umboni uliwonse wasayansi wotsimikizira momwe vitamini C imathandizira pa COVID-19, ndipo vitamini iyi ikagwiritsidwa ntchito mopitirira muyeso pamakhala chiopsezo chachikulu chokhala ndi miyala ya impso komanso kusintha kwa m'mimba, mwachitsanzo.

Kuteteza motsutsana ndi coronavirus, kuphatikiza pakudya zakudya zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chitetezo cha mthupi chitetezeke, kukonda zakudya zomwe zili ndi omega-3, selenium, zinc, mavitamini ndi maantibiotiki, monga nsomba, mtedza, malalanje, mbewu za mpendadzuwa, yogati, phwetekere, chivwende ndi mbatata zosasenda, mwachitsanzo. Ngakhale adyo ali ndi mankhwala opha maantibayotiki, sanatsimikizidwebe ngati ali ndi vuto pa coronavirus yatsopano, chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuyika chakudya chamagulu. Onani zomwe mungadye kuti mukhale ndi chitetezo chamthupi.

Ndikofunikanso kusamba m'manja ndi sopo kwa masekondi osachepera 20, pewani m'nyumba komanso ndi anthu ambiri, ndikuphimba pakamwa ndi mphuno nthawi iliyonse yomwe mungafune kukhosomola kapena kuyetsemula. Mwanjira imeneyi, ndizotheka kupewa kupatsirana ndikutumiza kachilomboka kwa anthu ena. Onani njira zina zodzitetezera ku coronavirus.

13. Kodi Ibuprofen imakulitsa zizindikiro za COVID-19?

Kafukufuku wofufuza ochokera ku Switzerland ndi Greece mu Marichi 2020 ^[3] adawonetsa kuti kugwiritsa ntchito Ibuprofen kumatha kukulitsa kufotokozera kwa michere kumatha kupezeka m'maselo am'mapapo, impso ndi mtima, zomwe zingapangitse kuti kupuma kuziziritsa kwambiri. Komabe, ubalewu udatengera kafukufuku m'modzi wokha womwe umachitika mwa odwala matenda ashuga komanso kuganizira momwe amathandizira enzyme yomweyo, koma womwe ulipo m'minyewa yamtima.

Chifukwa chake, sizotheka kunena kuti kugwiritsa ntchito Ibuprofen ndikokhudzana ndi kukulirakulira kwa zizindikiritso za COVID-19. Onani zambiri za ubale womwe ungakhalepo pakati pa coronavirus ndi kugwiritsa ntchito Ibuprofen.

14. Kodi kachilomboka kamakhalako nthawi yayitali bwanji?

Kafukufuku wopangidwa mu Marichi 2020 ndi asayansi aku America ^[1] idawonetsa kuti nthawi yopulumuka ya SARS-CoV-2, yoyang'anira COVID-19, imasiyanasiyana kutengera mtundu wa mawonekedwe omwe amapezeka komanso momwe zachilengedwe zilili. Chifukwa chake, kachilomboka kamatha kukhala ndi moyo ndikupitilira kufalikira kwa pafupifupi:

• Masiku atatu apulasitiki ndi malo osapanga dzimbiri;
• Maola 4, pankhani yazitsulo zamkuwa;
• Maola 24, pankhani yazakatoni;
• Maola atatu ngati ma aerosol, omwe amatha kutulutsidwa munthu wodwala ali ndi nebulize, mwachitsanzo.

Ngakhale imatha kupezeka pamtunda wamafuta ake opatsirana kwa maola ochepa, matenda opatsiranawa sanatsimikizidwebe. Komabe, tikulimbikitsidwa kupha mankhwala pamalo omwe angakhale ndi kachilomboka, kuphatikiza pa kufunika kogwiritsa ntchito mowa wa gel osamba m'manja ndi sopo nthawi zonse.

15. Zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kukhala ndi zotsatira za mayeso?

Nthawi pakati pakusonkhanitsidwa kwa zitsanzozo ndikutulutsa zotsatira zimatha kusiyanasiyana kutengera mtundu wamayeso omwe achitike, ndipo amatha kusiyanasiyana pakati pa mphindi 15 ndi masiku 7. Zotsatira zomwe zimatuluka munthawi yochepa ndizomwe zimachitika kudzera pakuyesa mwachangu, monga mayeso a immunofluorescence ndi immunochromatography.

Kusiyanitsa pakati pa ziwirizi ndi zitsanzo zomwe zasonkhanitsidwa: pomwe ali mu immunofluorescence njira yapaulendo imagwiritsidwa ntchito, yomwe imasonkhanitsidwa kudzera pamphuno yamphongo, immunochromatography imapangidwa kuchokera pagulu laling'ono lamagazi. M'mayeso onse awiriwa, chitsanzocho chimakumana ndi reagent ndipo, ngati munthuyo ali ndi kachilomboka, amawonetsedwa pakati pa mphindi 15 ndi 30, pomwe mlandu wa COVID-19 ukutsimikiziridwa.

Mayeso omwe amatenga nthawi yayitali kwambiri kuti atulutsidwe ndi mayeso a PCR, omwe ndi mayeso owerengeka kwambiri am'magulu, omwe amawerengedwa ngati mulingo wagolide komanso womwe umachitika makamaka kutsimikizira mlanduwo. Kuyesaku kumapangidwa kuchokera ku sampuli ya magazi kapena sampuli yomwe imasonkhanitsidwa ndi mphuno yamkamwa kapena pakamwa, ndikuwonetsa ngati pali kachilombo ka SARS-CoV-2 komanso kuchuluka kwa ma virus m'thupi, posonyeza kuopsa kwa matendawa.

Fotokozerani mafunso ena okhudzana ndi coronavirus powonera vidiyo iyi: