Dysarthria

Zamkati

• Kodi dysarthria ndi chiyani?
• Kodi zizindikiro za dysarthria ndi ziti?
• Nchiyani chimayambitsa dysarthria?
• Ndani ali pachiwopsezo cha dysarthria?
• Kodi dysarthria imapezeka bwanji?
• Kodi dysarthria imathandizidwa bwanji?
• Kupewa dysarthria
• Kodi malingaliro a dysarthria ndi otani?

Kodi dysarthria ndi chiyani?

Dysarthria ndi vuto loyankhula motsogola. Zimachitika pamene simungathe kulumikizana kapena kuwongolera minofu yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mawu kumaso, pakamwa, kapena makina opumira. Nthawi zambiri zimachitika chifukwa chovulala muubongo kapena minyewa, monga sitiroko.

Anthu omwe ali ndi dysarthria amavutika kuwongolera minofu yomwe imamveka bwino. Vutoli limatha kukhudza mbali zambiri zamalankhulidwe anu. Mutha kulephera kutchula mawu molondola kapena kuyankhula voliyumu yabwinobwino. Mutha kulephera kuwongolera mtundu, kamvekedwe, ndi liwu lomwe mumalankhula. Mawu anu akhoza kukhala odekha kapena osasunthika. Zotsatira zake, zingakhale zovuta kuti ena amvetsetse zomwe mukuyesa kunena.

Zovuta zakulankhula zomwe mumakumana nazo zimadalira chomwe chimayambitsa vuto lanu la dysarthria. Ngati zimachitika chifukwa chovulala muubongo, mwachitsanzo, zizindikilo zanu zimadalira komwe kuli komanso kuvulala kwake.

Kodi zizindikiro za dysarthria ndi ziti?

Zizindikiro za dysarthria zimatha kukhala zofewa mpaka zovuta. Zizindikiro zina ndi izi:

• mawu osalankhula
• mawu odekha
• kuyankhula mwachangu
• mawu osazolowereka, osiyanasiyana
• kuyankhula motsitsa mawu kapena monong'ona
• zovuta kusintha kuchuluka kwa zolankhula zanu
• mphuno, kutayika, kapena kukweza mawu
• zovuta kuwongolera minofu yanu yakumaso
• kuvuta kutafuna, kumeza, kapena kuwongolera lilime
• kutsitsa

Nchiyani chimayambitsa dysarthria?

Zinthu zambiri zimatha kuyambitsa dysarthria. Zitsanzo ndi izi:

• sitiroko
• chotupa muubongo
• zoopsa mutu kuvulala
• Nthenda ya ubongo
• Chifuwa cha Bell
• matenda ofoola ziwalo
• kupweteka kwa minofu
• amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
• Matenda a Guillain-Barre
• Matenda a Huntington
• myasthenia gravis
• Matenda a Parkinson
• Matenda a Wilson
• kuvulaza lilime lako
• Matenda ena, ngati khosi kapena tonsillitis
• mankhwala ena, monga mankhwala ozunguza bongo kapena otonthoza omwe amakhudza dongosolo lanu lamanjenje

Ndani ali pachiwopsezo cha dysarthria?

Dysarthria imatha kukhudza ana ndi akulu omwe. Muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda a dysarthria ngati:

• ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha sitiroko
• kukhala ndi matenda opatsirana ubongo
• ali ndi matenda amitsempha
• kumwa mowa mwauchidakwa kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo
• alibe thanzi labwino

Kodi dysarthria imapezeka bwanji?

Ngati akuganiza kuti muli ndi dysarthria, adokotala angakutumizireni kwa wolankhula chilankhulo. Katswiriyu amatha kugwiritsa ntchito mayeso ndi mayeso angapo kuti awone kuuma kwake ndikupeza chomwe chimayambitsa matenda anu a dysarthria. Mwachitsanzo, adzawunika momwe mumalankhulira ndikusuntha milomo yanu, lilime, ndi minyewa ya nkhope. Akhozanso kuwunika momwe mawu anu aliri komanso kupuma kwanu.

Pambuyo poyesedwa koyambirira, dokotala wanu atha kufunsa mayeso amodzi kapena angapo otsatirawa:

• kumeza kuphunzira
• Kujambula kwa MRI kapena CT kuti mupereke chithunzi chatsatanetsatane cha ubongo wanu, mutu, ndi khosi
• electroencephalogram (EEG) kuti muyese zamagetsi muubongo wanu
• electromyogram (EMG) kuti muyese mphamvu zamagetsi za minofu yanu
• maphunziro a mitsempha (NCS) kuti athe kuyeza mphamvu ndi kuthamanga komwe mitsempha yanu imatumizira zizindikiritso zamagetsi
• kuyezetsa magazi kapena mkodzo kuti muwone ngati muli ndi matenda kapena matenda ena omwe atha kuyambitsa matenda anu a dysarthria
• lumbar kuboola matendawo, matenda amitsempha yapakati, kapena khansa yaubongo
• mayeso a neuropsychological kuti athe kuyeza luso lanu lakuzindikira komanso kuthekera kwanu kumvetsetsa zolankhula, kuwerenga, ndi kulemba

Kodi dysarthria imathandizidwa bwanji?

Ndondomeko ya chithandizo cha dokotala wanu ya dysarthria idzadalira matenda anu. Ngati zizindikiro zanu zikukhudzana ndi matenda, dokotala wanu angakulimbikitseni mankhwala, opaleshoni, mankhwala olankhula, kapena mankhwala ena kuti athane nawo.

Mwachitsanzo, ngati matenda anu akukhudzana ndi zovuta zamankhwala, dokotala akhoza kukulangizani kuti musinthe mtundu wa mankhwala anu.

Ngati dysarthria yanu imayambitsidwa ndi chotupa kapena chotupa muubongo wanu kapena msana, dokotala wanu angakulimbikitseni kuchitidwa opaleshoni.

Katswiri wodziwa kulankhula angakuthandizeni kukulitsa luso lanu lolankhulana. Atha kukhala ndi njira yothandizila:

• Lonjezerani kuyenda kwa lilime ndi milomo.
• Limbitsani minofu yanu yolankhula.
• Chepetsani mtengo womwe mumalankhulira.
• Sinthani kapumidwe kanu kuti mumve zambiri.
• Sinthani kamvekedwe kanu kuti mumve bwino.
• Gwiritsani ntchito luso lolankhulana pagulu.
• Yesani luso lanu lolankhulana pazochitika zenizeni pamoyo.

Kupewa dysarthria

Dysarthria imatha chifukwa cha mikhalidwe yambiri, chifukwa chake kumakhala kovuta kupewa. Koma mutha kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha dysarthria mwa kutsatira moyo wathanzi womwe umachepetsa mwayi wakupwetekedwa. Mwachitsanzo:

• Chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse.
• Sungani kulemera kwanu pamlingo woyenera.
• Onjezerani zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba pazakudya zanu.
• Chepetsani cholesterol, mafuta okhuta, ndi mchere muzakudya zanu.
• Chepetsani kumwa mowa.
• Pewani kusuta komanso kusuta.
• Musagwiritse ntchito mankhwala omwe sanakulamulireni dokotala.
• Ngati mwapezeka kuti muli ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi, tengani njira zowathetsera.
• Ngati muli ndi matenda ashuga, tsatirani ndondomeko ya chithandizo cha dokotala.
• Ngati muli ndi vuto lobanika kutulo, pitani kuchipatala.

Kodi malingaliro a dysarthria ndi otani?

Maganizo anu amatengera matenda anu. Funsani dokotala wanu kuti mumve zambiri za zomwe zimayambitsa matenda anu a dysarthria, komanso momwe mungasamalire chithandizo chanu komanso malingaliro anu kwanthawi yayitali.

Nthaŵi zambiri, kugwira ntchito ndi katswiri wazamalankhulidwe olankhula kumatha kukuthandizani kukulitsa luso lanu lolankhulana. Mwachitsanzo, American Speech-Language-Hearing Association inanena kuti pafupifupi anthu awiri mwa atatu mwa achikulire omwe ali ndi matenda amitsempha yamkati amatha kukulitsa luso lawo lolankhula mothandizidwa ndi katswiri wazolankhula.