Spherocytosis wobadwa nawo: zoyambitsa, zizindikiro ndi chithandizo

Zamkati

• Zomwe zimayambitsa spherocytosis
• Zizindikiro zazikulu
• Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Hereditary spherocytosis ndi matenda amtundu womwe amadziwika ndi kusintha kwa khungu lofiira la magazi, lomwe limapangitsa kuti liwonongedwe, motero limadziwika kuti ndi hemolytic anemia. Kusintha kwa nembanemba ya maselo ofiira amawapangitsa kukhala ocheperako komanso ochepera kuposa nthawi zonse, kuwonongeka mosavuta ndi ndulu.

Spherocytosis ndi matenda obadwa nawo, omwe amatsagana ndi munthu kuyambira pobadwa, komabe amatha kupita patsogolo ndi kuchepa kwa magazi mosiyanasiyana. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zina sipangakhale zizindikilo ndipo mwa ena, pallor, kutopa, jaundice, nthenda zokulitsa ndikusintha kwachitukuko, mwachitsanzo, zitha kuzindikirika.

Ngakhale kulibe mankhwala, spherocytosis imakhala ndi mankhwala, omwe amayenera kutsogozedwa ndi a hematologist, ndipo folic acid m'malo mwake atha kuwonetsedwa ndipo, pakavuta kwambiri, kuchotsedwa kwa ndulu, yotchedwa splenectomy, kuti athane ndi matendawa ..

Zomwe zimayambitsa spherocytosis

Hereditary spherocytosis imayambitsidwa ndi kusintha kwa majini komwe kumabweretsa kusintha kwa kuchuluka kapena mtundu wa mapuloteni omwe amapanga nembanemba ya maselo ofiira, omwe amadziwika kuti maselo ofiira ofiira. Kusintha kwa mapuloteniwa kumapangitsa kusasunthika ndi chitetezo cha nembanemba yofiira yamagazi, zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala osalimba komanso ochepa, ngakhale zili choncho, ndikupanga maselo ofiira ang'onoang'ono, okhala ndi mbali zokulirapo komanso zowala kwambiri.

Kuchepa kwa magazi kumabwera chifukwa ma spherocyte, monga maselo ofiira omwe amapunduka mu spherocytosis amatchedwa, nthawi zambiri amawonongeka mu ndulu, makamaka ngati kusintha kuli kofunikira ndipo kusowa kosinthasintha komanso kukana kudutsa pama microcirculation amwazi kuchokera mthupi lino.

Zizindikiro zazikulu

Spherocytosis imatha kufotokozedwa kuti ndiyofatsa, yopepuka kapena yovuta. Chifukwa chake, anthu omwe ali ndi spherocytosis wofatsa sangakhale ndi zizindikilo zilizonse, pomwe omwe ali ndi spherocytosis yayikulu amatha kukhala ndi zizindikilo zosiyanasiyana monga:

• Kupitirizabe kuchepa kwa magazi;
• Zovuta;
• Kutopa ndi kusalolera zolimbitsa thupi;
• Kuchulukitsa kwa bilirubin m'magazi ndi jaundice, womwe ndi khungu lachikhungu ndi zotsekemera;
• Mapangidwe a miyala ya bilirubin mu ndulu;
• Kukula kwa ndulu.

Pofuna kupeza matenda obadwa nawo, kuphatikiza pakuwunika kwamankhwala, hematologist atha kuyitanitsa kuyesa magazi monga kuwerengera magazi, kuchuluka kwa reticulocyte, kuyeza kwa bilirubin ndi zotumphukira zamagazi zomwe zikuwonetsa kusintha kwa mtundu wa kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi.Kuwonetseratu kufooka kwa osmotic kumawonetsedwanso, komwe kumayeza kukana kwa khungu lofiira la magazi.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Hereditary spherocytosis ilibe mankhwala, komabe, hematologist angalimbikitse chithandizo chomwe chingachepetse kukulira kwa matendawa ndi zizindikilo zake, kutengera zosowa za wodwalayo. Pankhani ya anthu omwe sawonetsa zizindikiro za matendawa, palibe chithandizo chofunikira chomwe chikufunika.

Kusintha kwa folic acid ndikulimbikitsidwa chifukwa, chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa maselo ofiira ofiira, chinthuchi ndichofunikira kwambiri pakupanga maselo atsopano m'mafuta.

Njira yayikulu yothandizira ndikuchotsa ndulu pochita opareshoni, yomwe nthawi zambiri imawonetsedwa kwa ana azaka zopitilira 5 kapena 6 omwe ali ndi vuto lalikulu la kuchepa kwa magazi, monga omwe ali ndi hemoglobin yochepera 8 mg / dl powerengera magazi, kapena pansi pa 10 mg / dl ngati pali zofunikira kapena zovuta zina monga miyala ya ndulu. Opaleshoni imatha kuchitidwanso kwa ana omwe akuchedwa kukula chifukwa cha matendawa.

Anthu omwe amachotsa ndulu amatha kukhala ndi matenda ena kapena ma thromboses, chifukwa chake katemera, monga pneumococcal, amafunikira, kuwonjezera pa kugwiritsa ntchito ASA kuwongolera magazi. Onani momwe opareshoni yochotsera ndulu ndi chisamaliro chofunikira chachitika.