Kodi matenda osokoneza bongo (OCD) ndi zizindikilo zazikulu ndi chiyani

Zamkati

• Zizindikiro zazikulu
• Momwe mungatsimikizire
• Mitundu yayikulu
• Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Matenda osokoneza bongo (OCD) ndimatenda amisala omwe amadziwika ndi mitundu iwiri yamakhalidwe:

• Zochitika: ndi malingaliro osayenera kapena osasangalatsa, obwerezabwereza komanso opitilira muyeso, omwe amabwera mosafunikira, kumayambitsa nkhawa ndi kuzunzika, monga, mwachitsanzo, matenda, ngozi kapena kutayika kwa okondedwa;
• Zokakamiza: ndimakhalidwe obwerezabwereza kapena malingaliro, monga kusamba m'manja, kukonza zinthu, kuwona maloko, kupemphera kapena kunena, zomwe sizingapeweke, chifukwa kuwonjezera pokhala njira yochepetsera nkhawa, munthuyo amakhulupirira kuti china chake choipa chikhoza kuchitika ngati sichoncho chitani.

Vutoli limatha kubweretsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana mwa munthu aliyense, chifukwa chakuwopa kuyipitsidwa, kufunikira kofufuza mobwerezabwereza kapena kusunga zolumikizana, mwachitsanzo.

Ngakhale alibe mankhwala, chithandizo cha OCD chimatha kuletsa zizindikilo nthawi zambiri, kudzera pakuwunika kwamisala komanso zamaganizidwe, pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opatsirana pogonana komanso mtundu wa mankhwala omwe amadziwika kuti chidziwitso-chothandizira.

Zizindikiro zazikulu

Zina mwazizindikiro zazikulu za matenda osokoneza bongo, ndi monga:

• Kukhala okhudzidwa nthawi zonse ndi ukhondo, komanso kuvutitsidwa ndi kupezeka kwa dothi, majeremusi kapena kuipitsidwa;
• Osakhudza zinthu zina osasamba m'manja pambuyo pake, kapena pewani malo chifukwa chodandaula za dothi kapena matenda;
• Sambani m'manja kapena kusamba nthawi zambiri masana;
• Nthawi zonse onaninso mawindo, zitseko kapena gasi;
• Kuda nkhawa kwambiri za mayendedwe, dongosolo kapena kufanana kwa zinthu;
• Gwiritsani ntchito zovala, zowonjezera kapena zinthu zamtundu winawake kapena mtundu wina;
• Kukhala okhulupirira zamatsenga mopitirira muyeso, monga kusapita kumalo kapena kudutsa zinthu, kuwopa kuti mwina choipa chingachitike;
• Kukhala ndi malingaliro nthawi zambiri kumalowa ndi malingaliro osayenera kapena osasangalatsa, monga matenda, ngozi kapena kutaya okondedwa;
• Sungani zinthu zopanda ntchito, monga mabokosi opanda kanthu, zotengera shampu kapena manyuzipepala ndi mapepala.

Zizindikiro zomwe zatchulidwazi zitha kuperekedwanso ndi machitidwe obwerezabwereza omwe munthuyo akuwona kuti akuyenera kuchita, poyankha zomwe amakonda, ndiye kuti, ngati munthuyo akuvutitsidwa ndikupezeka kwa dothi (kutengeka) amatha kutsuka m'manja angapo nthawi motsatira (kukakamiza).

Sizikudziwika chomwe chimayambitsa OCD, ndipo aliyense akhoza kukula, komabe, pali zinthu zingapo, zomwe palimodzi zitha kudziwa momwe zimatulukira, monga chibadwa, malingaliro, monga kuphunzira molakwika ndi zikhulupiriro zopotoza, kuda nkhawa kwambiri kapena kupsinjika, kapena ngakhale maphunziro omwe adalandira.

Momwe mungatsimikizire

Kuti mudziwe ngati muli ndi OCD, dokotala wazachipatala adzawunika ndikuzindikira kupezeka kwa zizindikilo zakukakamira komanso kukakamizidwa, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala zoposa ola limodzi patsiku, ndikuwononga kapena kuwononga moyo wamunthu kapena waluso.

Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti zizindikilozi sizimachitika chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala aliwonse, mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena kupezeka kwa matenda, komanso sizichitika chifukwa chakupezeka kwa matenda ena amisala, monga nkhawa yayikulu, thupi Matenda a dysmorphic, vuto lodzikundikira, kusokonezeka kwa thupi, trichotillomania kapena vuto la kudya, schizophrenia kapena kukhumudwa, mwachitsanzo.

Zizindikirozi zimatha kukulirakulira kapena kukulira pakapita nthawi ndipo, ngati OCD ikafika poipa, imatha kusokoneza zochitika za tsiku ndi tsiku, kusokoneza magwiridwe antchito kusukulu kapena kuntchito, mwachitsanzo. Chifukwa chake, pamaso pamakhalidwe omwe akuwonetsa matendawa, ndikofunikira kupita kukafunsidwa ndi wazamisala, kuti akapeze matenda oyenera ndikuwonetsa chithandizo choyenera.

Mitundu yayikulu

Zomwe zili m'malingaliro kapena zokakamiza za munthu yemwe ali ndi OCD zitha kukhala zosiyanasiyana malinga ndi munthu, ndipo zitha kukhala zamitundu yosiyanasiyana, monga:

• Zovuta Zotsimikizira: munthuyo akumva kufunikira kofunafuna ndikutsimikizira china chake, ngati njira yopewera kuwonongeka, monga moto kapena kutuluka. Ena mwa macheke omwe amapezeka kwambiri ndi monga chitofu, gasi, matepi amadzi, alamu anyumba, maloko, nyali zapanyumba, chikwama kapena chikwama, njira yanjira, kusaka matenda ndi zizindikilo pa intaneti kapena kudziyesa.
• Zosokoneza bongo: pamakhala chosowa cha kuyeretsa kapena kutsuka, komanso kupewa kuipitsidwa ndi uve. Zitsanzo zina ndizosamba m'manja kangapo patsiku, osakhoza kupatsa moni ena kapena kupita kumalo monga zipinda zodyera pagulu kapena kulandira maofesi azachipatala, kuwopa kutenga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, kuphatikiza pakufunika kuyeretsa nyumba mopitirira muyeso, makamaka khitchini ndi bafa;
• Zokakamiza Zofananira: amafunika kuwongolera pafupipafupi momwe zinthu zilili, monga mabuku, kuphatikiza pakufuna kuti chilichonse chikonzeke motsatira millimeter, monga kusunga zovala ndi nsapato zomwe zidafanana. Ndikothekanso kukhala ndi kufanana pakati pazokhudza kapena zopindika, monga kukhudza ndi dzanja lamanja zomwe zimaseweredwa ndi kumanzere kapena mosemphanitsa;
• Kuwerengera kapena kubwereza kukakamizidwa: izi ndizobwereza m'maganizo, monga kuwerengera kosafunikira komanso magawano, kubwereza izi kangapo tsiku lonse;
• Zovuta zankhanza: munthawi imeneyi, anthu amawopa kwambiri kuchita zinthu mopupuluma, zomwe zimabwera m'malingaliro, monga kuvulaza, kupha kapena kuvulaza munthu kapena iwe wekha, mosadziwa. Malingaliro awa amabweretsa zowawa zambiri, ndipo ndizofala kupewa kukhala wekha kapena kugwira zinthu zina, monga mipeni kapena lumo, osadzidalira;
• Zokakamiza Zodzikundikira: ndikulephera kutaya zinthu zina, zomwe zimawoneka ngati zopanda ntchito, monga kulongedza, ma invoice akale, manyuzipepala kapena zinthu zina.

Palinso mitundu ina yosiyanasiyana, yomwe imaphatikizapo kukakamizidwa monga kulavulira, manja, kugwira, kuvina kapena kupemphera, mwachitsanzo, kapena kutaya mtima, monga mawu, zithunzi kapena nyimbo zomwe zimangokhala zosamveka komanso zimachitika mobwerezabwereza.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Chithandizo cha matenda osokoneza bongo chimatsogozedwa ndi wamaganizidwe, ndikulowetsa mankhwala opatsirana, monga Clomipramine, Paroxetine, Fluoxetine kapena Sertraline.

Kuphatikiza apo, tikulimbikitsidwanso kukhala ndi chithandizo chazidziwitso payekhapayekha kapena pagulu ndi wama psychologist, chifukwa zimamuthandiza munthuyo kuthana ndi mantha awo ndikupangitsa nkhawa kutha pang'onopang'ono, komanso kulimbikitsa kukonza malingaliro ndi zikhulupiriro zopotoka. Onani zambiri zamomwe mankhwala a OCD amachitikira.