Spermatogenesis: ndi chiyani komanso momwe magawo akulu amachitikira

Zamkati

• Magawo akulu a spermatogenesis
• 1. Gawo lofalikira
• 2. Gawo lokula
• 3. Gawo lokulitsa
• 4. Gawo losiyanitsa
• Momwe spermatogenesis imayendera

Spermatogenesis imafanana ndi njira yopangira umuna, zomwe ndizoyimilira zomwe zimayambitsa dzira. Izi zimayamba kuyambira zaka 13, kupitilirabe m'moyo wamwamuna ndikuchepera muukalamba.

Spermatogenesis ndi njira yolamulidwa kwambiri ndi mahomoni, monga testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH) ndi follicle yolimbikitsa mahomoni (FSH). Izi zimachitika tsiku ndi tsiku, ndikupanga umuna zikwizikwi tsiku lililonse, zomwe zimasungidwa mu epididymis pambuyo popanga machende.

Magawo akulu a spermatogenesis

Spermatogenesis ndi njira yovuta yomwe imakhala pakati pa masiku 60 ndi 80 ndipo imatha kugawidwa pang'ono:

1. Gawo lofalikira

Gawo lophukira ndilo gawo loyamba la spermatogenesis ndipo limachitika pomwe ma cell a nyongolotsi amapita kumachende, komwe amakhala osagwira ntchito komanso osakhwima, ndipo amatchedwa spermatogonias.

Mnyamata akafika paunyamata, umuna, motsogozedwa ndi mahomoni ndi maselo a Sertoli, omwe ali mkati mwa testis, amakula kwambiri kudzera m'magawo am'magazi (mitosis) ndikupangitsa kuti apange ma spermatocyte oyambilira.

2. Gawo lokula

Ma spermatocyte oyambilira omwe amapangidwa munthawi yophukira amakula msinkhu ndipo amakumana ndi meiosis, kotero kuti ma genetic awo amapangidwa mobwerezabwereza, amadziwika kuti spermatocytes achiwiri.

3. Gawo lokulitsa

Pambuyo popanga spermatocyte yachiwiri, kusasitsa kumachitika kuti apange spermatoid kudzera pagawoli.

4. Gawo losiyanitsa

Imafanana ndi nthawi yosintha umuna kukhala umuna, womwe umatha masiku pafupifupi 21. Pakati pa magawano, omwe amathanso kutchedwa spermiogenesis, zinthu ziwiri zofunika zimapangidwa:

• Acrosome: ndimapangidwe omwe amapezeka pamutu wa umuna womwe uli ndi michere yambiri ndipo umalola umuna kulowa mdzira la mkazi;
• Mliri: kapangidwe kamene kamalola umuna kuyenda.

Ngakhale ali ndi flagellum, umuna wopangidwayo ulibe motility mpaka atadutsa epididymis, ndikupeza mphamvu komanso mphamvu za umuna pakati pa maola 18 ndi 24.

Momwe spermatogenesis imayendera

Spermatogenesis imayendetsedwa ndi mahomoni angapo omwe samangokonda kukula kwa ziwalo zogonana zamwamuna, komanso kupanga umuna. Imodzi mwa mahomoni akulu ndi testosterone, yomwe ndi mahomoni opangidwa ndi maselo a Leydig, omwe ndi maselo omwe amapezeka machende.

Kuphatikiza pa testosterone, hormone ya luteinizing (LH) ndi follicle yolimbikitsa mahomoni (FSH) ndiyofunikanso kwambiri pakupanga umuna, chifukwa zimathandizira ma Leydig cell kuti apange ma testosterone ndi Sertoli, kotero kuti kusintha kwa umuna mu umuna.

Mvetsetsani momwe kagwiridwe kantchito ka ziwalo zoberekera za abambo kumagwirira ntchito.