Schistosomiasis: ndi chiyani, zizindikiro, kuzungulira kwa moyo ndi chithandizo

Zamkati

• Zizindikiro zazikulu
• Momwe mungatsimikizire matendawa
• Moyo wa Schistosomiasis
• Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira
• Kodi Schistosomiasis ili ndi mankhwala?
• Momwe mungapewere kuipitsidwa

Schistosomiasis, yotchedwa schistosis, matenda am'mimba kapena nkhono, ndimatenda opatsirana omwe amabwera ndi tiziromboti. Schistosoma mansoni, yomwe imapezeka m'madzi amitsinje ndi nyanja ndipo imatha kulowa pakhungu, ndikupangitsa kufiira ndi kuyabwa pakhungu, kufooka ndi kupweteka kwa minofu, mwachitsanzo.

Schistosomiasis imakonda kupezeka m'malo otentha komwe kulibe ukhondo komanso komwe kuli nkhono zochuluka, chifukwa nyamazi zimawerengedwa kuti ndizophera tizilomboKupwetekandiye kuti tizilomboto timafunikira kuthera nkhono kuti tikule ndikufikira gawo lomwe limatha kupatsira anthu.

Onani zambiri za schistosomiasis ndi matenda ena obwera chifukwa cha tiziromboti:

Zizindikiro zazikulu

Nthawi zambiri, schistosomiasis imakhala yopanda tanthauzo, komabe munthu yemwe ali ndi kachilomboka amatha kukhala ndi zizindikilo zoyambirira zomwe zimadziwika gawo loyamba la matendawa, omwe amatchedwanso gawo lovuta:

• Kufiira ndi kuyabwa kumene tiziromboti talowerera;
• Malungo;
• Zofooka;
• Chifuwa;
• Kupweteka kwa minofu;
• Kusowa kwa njala;
• Kutsekula m'mimba kapena kudzimbidwa;
• Nseru ndi kusanza;
• Kuzizira.

Pamene tiziromboti timayamba m'thupi ndikupita kufalikira kwa chiwindi, zizindikilo zowopsa kwambiri zitha kuwonekera, zomwe zimadziwika gawo lachiwiri la matendawa, omwe amatchedwanso gawo losatha:

• Kukhalapo kwa magazi mu chopondapo;
• Kukokana;
• Kupweteka m'mimba;
• Chizungulire,
• Kupopera;
• Kutupa kwa m'mimba, komwe kumatchedwanso chotchinga madzi;
• Kupindika;
• Kuumitsa ndi kukulitsa chiwindi;
• Kukula kwa nthata.

Pofuna kupewa kuyambika kwazizindikiro zazikulu za schistosomiasis, ndikofunikira kuti matendawa apangidwe, makamaka, akadali pachimake pa matendawa.

Momwe mungatsimikizire matendawa

Matendawa amapangidwa pofufuza ndowe za masiku atatu, momwe mazira ake aliri Schistosoma mansoni. Kuphatikiza apo, kuwerengera kwathunthu kwa magazi ndi muyeso wa michere ya chiwindi, monga ALT ndi AST, yomwe nthawi zambiri imasinthidwa, itha kupemphedwa, kuphatikiza pakuyesa kujambula, monga m'mimba ultrasound, mwachitsanzo, kuti muwone kuchuluka komanso magwiridwe antchito a chiwindi ndi ndulu.

Moyo wa Schistosomiasis

Matenda ndi Schistosoma mansoni zimachitika chifukwa chokhudzana ndi madzi owonongeka, makamaka m'malo omwe muli nkhono zambiri. Chifukwa chake, alimi, asodzi, amayi ndi ana ali pachiwopsezo chotenga matendawa atasodza, kuchapa zovala kapena kusamba m'madzi owonongeka.

Kutalika kwa moyo wa schistosomiasis kumakhala kovuta ndipo kumachitika motere:

1. Mazira kuchokera Schistosoma mansoni amatulutsidwa m'ndowe za anthu omwe ali ndi kachilomboka;
2. Mazira akafika kumadzi, amaswa chifukwa cha kutentha kwambiri, kuwala kwambiri komanso kuchuluka kwa mpweya m'madzi, ndikutulutsa zozizwitsa, yomwe ndi imodzi mwanjira zoyambirira za Schistosoma mansoni;
3. Zozizwitsa zomwe zimapezeka m'madzi zimakopeka ndi nkhono chifukwa cha zinthu zomwe nyama izi zimatulutsa;
4. Pakufika nkhonoyi, zozizwitsa zimataya zina mwazomwe zimapangika ndikukula mpaka gawo la cercaria, ndikumasulidwanso m'madzi;
5. Ma cercariae omwe amatulutsidwa m'madzi amatha kulowa mkati mwa khungu la anthu;
6. Pakadutsa malowedwe, ma cercariae amataya michira yawo ndikukhala ma schistosomules, omwe amafika m'magazi;
7. Schistosomules amasamukira kufalitsira chiwindi, komwe amakula mpaka atakula;
8. Nyongolotsi zazikulu, zamphongo ndi zazikazi, zimasamukira m'matumbo, momwe mazira amaikapo akazi;
9. Mazira amatenga pafupifupi sabata imodzi kuti apse;
10. Dzira lokhwima limatulutsidwa m'ndowe ndipo, likakumana ndi madzi, limaswa, n'kupanga mkombero watsopano.

Chifukwa chake, m'malo omwe mulibe ukhondo, ndizofala kuti anthu angapo mdera lomwelo azidetsedwa ndi schistosomiasis, makamaka ngati pali nkhono zochuluka mderali, popeza chinyama ichi chimagwira ntchito yayikulu pamoyo wa tiziromboti kuzungulira. Kuti athane ndi vutoli komanso kupewa kuti anthu ena asadetsedwe, munthu ayenera kupewa kukhudzana ndi madzi odetsedwa ndikuchotsa nkhono zochulukirapo.

Momwe mankhwalawa amachitikira

Chithandizo chimachitidwa ndi mankhwala a antiparasitic monga Praziquantel kapena Oxamniquina kwa masiku 1 kapena awiri, omwe amapha ndikuchotsa tiziromboto. Kuphatikiza apo, adotolo angavomereze kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta amtundu wa corticoid kuti athetse khungu loyabwa, komanso amalimbikitsidwa kupumula, kusungunuka bwino madzi, ndikumwa madzi. Kuphatikiza apo, kumachepetsa ululu, chifukwa chotsitsa malungo komanso colic, amathanso kuwonetsedwa.

Mwa anthu omwe amakhala ndi gawo lalitali la schistosomiasis, beta-blockers ndi mankhwala atha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kuthana ndi kutsekula m'mimba, kuphatikiza pa sclerotherapy ya mitsempha ya varicose yam'mero.

Kodi Schistosomiasis ili ndi mankhwala?

Schistosomiasis imachiritsidwa pamene matendawa amachitika koyambirira kwa matendawa ndipo chithandizo chimayambika posachedwa, chifukwa njira iyi ndikotheka kuthana ndi tiziromboti komanso kupewa zovuta, monga kukulitsa chiwindi ndi ndulu, kuchepa magazi ndikuchedwa kukula kwa mwana, mwachitsanzo. Chifukwa chake, kukayikira kuti munthuyo ali ndi nyongolotsi, mankhwalawa ayenera kuyambitsidwa mwachangu.

Kuti mudziwe ngati munthuyo wachiritsidwadi, adokotala atha kupempha kuti ayesedwe kangapo pa sabata la 6 ndi la 12 atayamba kulandira chithandizo. Nthawi zina, kuti apewe kukayikira, adokotala amapempha kuti atenge kachilomboko patatha miyezi 6 mankhwala atayamba.

Komabe, ngakhale mankhwala a schistosomiasis atatsimikiziridwa, munthuyo sakhala ndi chitetezo chokwanira, ndipo atha kupatsidwanso kachilomboka ngati atakhudzana ndi madzi owonongeka.

Momwe mungapewere kuipitsidwa

Kupewera kwa schistosomiasis kumachitika kudzera muukhondo monga:

• Pewani kukhudzana ndi mvula ndi madzi osefukira;
• Osayenda opanda nsapato mumsewu, pamtunda kapena m'mitsinje yamadzi oyera;
• Imwani madzi okhawo abwino, osasankhidwa kapena owiritsa.

Izi ziyenera kuchitidwa makamaka m'malo omwe mulibe ukhondo wokwanira ndipo zimbudzi zimayenderera poyera.