Mayeso 6 kuti mupeze khansa ya m'mawere (kuwonjezera pa mammography)

Zamkati

• 1. Kuyezetsa thupi
• 2. Kuyezetsa magazi
• 3. Ultrasound cha m'mawere
• 4. Maginito akumveka
• 5. Kutupa kwa m'mawere
• 6.MASOMO mayeso

Mayeso omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kuti azindikire khansa ya m'mawere koyambirira ndi mammography, yomwe imakhala ndi X-ray yomwe imakupatsani mwayi wowona ngati pali zotupa m'matumba asanakwane mayi ali ndi zisonyezo za khansa, monga kupweteka kwa m'mawere kapena madzi kumasulidwa kunsonga yamabele. Onani zizindikiro 12 zomwe zingasonyeze khansa ya m'mawere.

Kujambula zithunzi kumayenera kuchitika zaka ziwiri zilizonse kuyambira ali ndi zaka 40, koma azimayi omwe ali ndi mbiri ya khansa ya m'mawere m'banja amayenera kukayezetsa chaka chilichonse kuyambira azaka 35, mpaka zaka 69. Zotsatira za mammogramzo zikuwonetsa kusintha kwamtundu uliwonse, adokotala atha kuyitanitsa mammogram ina, ultrasound, MRI kapena biopsy kuti atsimikizire kukhalapo kwa kusintha ndikusintha khansa kapena ayi.

Palinso mayesero ena omwe angathandize kuzindikira ndi kutsimikizira khansa ya m'mawere, monga:

1. Kuyezetsa thupi

Kuunika kwakuthupi ndikuwunika kochitidwa ndi azimayi kudzera palpation ya m'mawere kuti izindikire timagulu tating'onoting'ono ndi kusintha kwina m'mawere a mayi. Komabe, sikumayeso kolondola kwambiri, chifukwa kumangosonyeza kupezeka kwa ma nodule, osatsimikizira kuti ndi chotupa chosaopsa kapena chowopsa, mwachitsanzo. Chifukwa chake, dokotala nthawi zambiri amalimbikitsa kuti achite mayeso enaake, monga mammography, mwachitsanzo.

Kawirikawiri amayesedwa koyamba mzimayi akakhala ndi zizindikiro za khansa ya m'mawere kapena atapeza zosintha pakudziyesa m'mawere.

Onani momwe mungadziyese nokha kunyumba kapena onerani vidiyo yotsatirayi, yomwe ikufotokoza momveka bwino momwe mungadziyese bwino:

2. Kuyezetsa magazi

Kuyezetsa magazi kumathandiza pakuzindikira khansa ya m'mawere, chifukwa nthawi zambiri pakakhala khansa, mapuloteni ena amakhala ndi magazi ambiri, monga CA125, CA 19.9, CEA, MCA, AFP, CA 27.29 kapena CA 15.3, yomwe nthawi zambiri imakhala chikhomo chomwe dokotala amafunsira. Mvetsetsani zomwe mayeso a CA ndi momwe amachitira 15.3.

Kuphatikiza pakufunika kuthandizira kuzindikira za khansa ya m'mawere, zolembera zotupa zitha kudziwitsanso adotolo za kuyankha kwamankhwala komanso kuyambiranso khansa ya m'mawere.

Kuphatikiza pa zotupa, ndi kudzera pakuwunika kwa magazi komwe kusintha komwe kumatha kuzindikirika mu majini opondereza a chotupacho, BRCA1 ndi BRCA2, komwe kumasinthidwa kumatha kuyambitsa khansa ya m'mawere. Zolemba zamtunduwu zimalimbikitsidwa kwa iwo omwe ali ndi abale apafupi omwe amapezeka ndi khansa ya m'mawere asanakwanitse zaka 50, mwachitsanzo. Phunzirani zambiri za mayeso amtundu wa khansa ya m'mawere.

3. Ultrasound cha m'mawere

Mawere a ultrasound ndi mayeso omwe nthawi zambiri amachitidwa mayi akakhala ndi mammogram ndipo zotsatira zake zasintha. Kuyesaku ndikofunikira makamaka kwa amayi omwe ali ndi mawere akulu, olimba, makamaka ngati pali mavuto a khansa ya m'mawere m'banjamo. Pazochitikazi, ultrasound imathandizira kwambiri kuyesa mammography, popeza kuyesa uku sikungathe kuwonetsa tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta azimayi omwe ali ndi mawere akulu.

Komabe, mayi akakhala kuti alibe milandu m'banjamo, ndipo ali ndi mabere omwe amatha kuwoneka pa mammography, ultrasound siyimalowetsa mammography. Onani yemwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha khansa ya m'mawere.

4. Maginito akumveka

Kujambula kwa maginito ndimayeso omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka ngati pali chiopsezo chachikulu cha mayi yemwe ali ndi khansa ya m'mawere, makamaka pakakhala zosintha pazotsatira za mammography kapena ultrasound. Chifukwa chake, kujambula kwa maginito kumathandizira azachipatala kutsimikizira kuti matendawa ndi otani komanso kuzindikira kukula kwa khansa, komanso kupezeka kwa masamba ena omwe angakhudzidwe.

Pakusanthula kwa MRI, mayiyo ayenera kugona pamimba, akugwirizira chifuwa chake papulatifomu yapadera yomwe imalepheretsa kuti apsinjidwe, kulola chithunzi chabwino cha matumbo a m'mawere. Kuphatikiza apo, nkofunikanso kuti mayiyu akhale wodekha komanso wodekha momwe angathere kuti zisawononge kusintha kwa zithunzizo chifukwa cha kuyenda kwa thupi.

5. Kutupa kwa m'mawere

Biopsy nthawi zambiri imakhala mayeso omaliza omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsimikizira kupezeka kwa khansa, chifukwa kuyezetsa uku kumachitika mu labotore ndi zitsanzo zomwe zimatengedwa kuchokera pachilonda cha m'mawere, zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi wowona ngati pali zotupa zomwe, zikakhalapo, zimatsimikizira khansa.

Kawirikawiri, biopsy imachitika muofesi ya azimayi kapena azimayi omwe ali ndi anesthesia am'deralo, chifukwa ndikofunikira kuyika singano pachifuwa mpaka chotupacho chikhale ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta nodule kapena kusintha komwe kumapezeka m'mayeso ena azidziwitso.

6.MASOMO mayeso

Kuyesa kwa FISH ndi mayeso amtundu wamtundu omwe amatha kuchitika pambuyo polemba biopsy, pakapezeka kuti pali khansa ya m'mawere, kuthandiza dokotala kusankha mtundu wa mankhwala oyenera kwambiri kuti athetse khansayo.

Poyesaku, zomwe zidatengedwa pa biopsy zimasanthulidwa mu labotoreti kuti zidziwitse majini ena ochokera ku maselo a khansa, otchedwa HER2, omwe, akapezeka, amadziwitsa kuti chithandizo chabwino kwambiri cha khansa ndi mankhwala a chemotherapeutic otchedwa Trastuzumab, mwachitsanzo .